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1、Unit 1 Living with technology,Grammar and usage,Vi & Vt,1.Bob shut the door behind himself on his way out. 2.My brother sent me a letter last Tuesday. 3.The noise outside in the street made it difficult for me to fall asleep. 4.My family went on a trip to London during the holiday. 5.You talked too
2、much at the dinner party. 6.A white-haired man sat on a low beach, making shoes.,及物动词,概念：可以接名词，代词，动词不定式，动名词或宾语从句作宾语的动词，构成基本句型的“主+谓+宾”结构。,1、我会说一点英语 I can speak a little English. 2、我想买一辆车。 I want to buy a car. 3、她喜欢听音乐。 She enjoys listening to music.,及物动词特点,大部分及物动词都有被动语态。 The sports meeting _ next wee
3、k. 有些及物动词可以接双宾。 有些及物动词可接宾语补足语构成 。,will be held,该句型中的谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。一个是表示人的间接宾语; 一个是表示物的直接宾语。间宾在前, 直宾在后。如： Tom left Mary a message. 汤姆给玛丽留下了口信。 This will save you much time. 这将为您节约大量的时间。,“主+谓+双宾”结构,有时直接宾语和间接宾语可以对调, 这时, 间接宾语前应加上介词to, for或of。 1. sb+vt+sth+to+sb。如： He offered a job to her. 他向她提供了
4、一份工作。 I owe my success to you. 我的成功要归功于您。,间接宾语前要用to的常用动词有：give, tell, lend, sell, teach, send, write, show, return, bring, pass, leave, offer, hand等。,2. sb+vt+ sth+for+sb。如： 他为他们俩点了一些食物。 He ordered some food for the two of them. 妈妈给小女孩做了条美丽的裙子 Mother made a nice dress for the little girl. 。,间接宾语前加介词
5、for的动词有：buy， choose, get, make, order, sing, do, play, save等。,3. sb+vt+sb+of+sth。如： 他们抢了老人的钱。 They robbed the old man of his money. 他警告我注意危险。 Hes warned me of the danger.,直接宾语前加介词 of 的动词有：cure, convince, inform, rob, rid, warn。,即时练习：请用 “主+vt+间接宾语+直接宾语”的句型翻译下列句子。 1. 我想为他挑选一份合适的礼物。 I want to choose a
6、suitable present for him. 2. 太阳给了我们光和热。 The sun gives us light and warmth.,3. Mr Smith教我们数学。 Mr Smith teaches us math. 4. 那个老人给我们指路。 The old man showed us the way.,5. 请借我些钱, 行吗? Please lend me some money, will you? 6. Mary写了封信给Tom。 Mary wrote Tom a letter.,7. 医生治好了他的病。 The doctor has cured him of hi
7、s disease. 8. Tom使Mary相信了他的诚实。 Tom convinced Mary of his honesty.,本句型中的动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟宾语还不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个补充成分，如形容词、名词、动词不定式、分词来补充说明宾语,才能表达一个完整的意思。宾语和宾语补足语在意义有一种逻辑上的主谓关系,即宾语与宾语补足语在“意义上”是一种主谓关系。如：,我们选李阳做我们的班长。 We elected Li Yang our monitor. (Li yang is our monitor) 这新闻使我伤心。 The news made us sad. (We w
8、ere sad),常用于此句型的动词有：call, name, make, elect, appoint, think, consider, leave等。,根据宾补的不同可分为以下几种情况： 1. 主语+及物动词+宾语+名词。如： 总裁任命约翰为营销部经理 President appointed John manager of Marketing. 。,归纳：,2. 主语+及物动词+宾语+形容词。如： 那消息使我很高兴。 The news made me happy.,3. 主语+及物动词+宾语+介词短语。如： 我发现自己还蒙在鼓里。 I found myself in dark. 4. 主
9、语+及物动词+宾语+不定式。如： 他鼓励他努力工作。 He encouraged her to work harder.,要求用to do作宾补的动词有: advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, choose, encourage, expect, force, get, invite, order, persuade, request, tell, want, warn, wish等。,他总是要别人等他。 He always has others wait for him.,归纳：,要求用do作宾补的动词有: 使役动词let, make, have等; 感官动词obs
10、erve, feel, hear, listen to, look at, notice, see, watch等。,归纳：,若变为被动语态, 其后的宾语补足语就成为主语补足语了, 此时作主语补足语的不定式要带to。如： The boss made him work overtime.(主动语态) He was made to work overtime.(被动语态)老板叫他加班。,5. 主语+及物动词+宾语+分词。如： 洗手之后不要任水白流。 Dont leave the water running after you have washed your hands. 我听到有人叫我的名字。
11、I heard my name called.,6. 主语 + 谓语 + it + 宾补 + 真正宾语。如： 我觉得与你家人相处令人愉快。 I found it very pleasant to be with your family.,她认为练习这么多没有意义。 She thinks it no point practicing so much. 他相信她不可能同意。 He believed it unlikely that she would agree.,即时练习：请用“主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补”句型翻译下列句子。 1. 那噪音快要使我发疯了。 The noise is driving
12、 me crazy. 2. 我们要使学校变得更美丽。 We must make our school more beautiful.,3. 他请我们参加做游戏。 He asked us to join in the game. 4. 我要你把真相告诉我。 I want you to tell me the truth. 5. 明天我要找人来修理机器。 I will have the machine repaired tomorrow.,6. 每天早晨我们都听到他大声朗读英语。 We hear him reading English aloud every morning. 7. 他们感到汽车行
13、驶得很快。 They felt the car moving fast.,8. 我们必须保持身体健康。(in good condition) We must keep our health in good condition. 9. 我们不会让她在晚上外出的。 We wont have her go out at night. 10. 他每个月理一次发。 He has his hair cut once a month.,11. 我从来没看见这个字这样用过。 Ive never seen the word used in this way. 12. 他感到很难跟你交谈。 He feels it
14、 hard to talk with you. 13. 我想乘船去那里更舒服些。 I think it more comfortable to go there by ship.,14. 学校定了一条规则, 开始上课时学生要起立。(make) The schools made it a rule that students should stand up at the beginning of the class. 15. 我认为与那个人谈话是无益的。 I believe it no use talking with that man.,不及物动词,不能接宾语，也不能用于被动语态，构成“主+谓
15、”结构 We are studying at NO. 7 middle school. (take place, happen, break out, belong,rise. ) 某些及物动词和副词连用，说明主语（某物）的性质或特点时，用主动形式表被动含义。 如：shut, cut, write, lock, wear, sell, wash 等与easily,tightly, smoothly, well 等连用。 The door locks tightly.,本身能表达一个完整意思的动词, 叫做不及物动词, 后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等作状语。如： The machine wo
16、rks smoothly. 机器运转顺畅。(副词) He is standing by the window. 他站在窗户边。,即时练习：请用“主语+不及物动词”的句型 翻译下列句子。 1. 太阳在照耀着。 The sun was shining. 2. 我们勤奋学习。 We study hard. 3. 他们谈了半个小时。 They talked for half an hour.,有些动词既可以作及物动词，也可以作不及物动词。,Answer / answer for Benefit / benefit from Pay / pay for Adjust / adjust to Attend / attend to Check / check in(to) / check out Believe / believe in Apply (to) / apply for Call / call on,有些动词可以带同源宾语,Live a happy life Dream a good dream Sleep a goo
