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1、2012中考英语：名师点拨语法及满分训练题【答案解析】第6篇【连词】-上 一、连词概论好了，现在我们在攻克词类的最后一个堡垒-连词。连词更好对付了，我们只讲几个常考的词组就可以了。连词常考到的有以下几个词组：both and：表示两者都.注意：当bothand 连接主语时，后面动词一般要用复数。如：BothLily and Lucy are right.not only but also: 不仅而且。注意：后面动词采用就近原则，与but also后的词保持一致。如：Not only my parents but also my brother likes the cat.eitheror:或者
2、或者。注意谓语动词采用就近原则。如：Either you or I am wrong.neithernor：既不也不 是 eitheror 的否定形式。谓语动词采用就近原则，与nor后的词保持一致。 如：Neither you nor he is right.or的用法： 意思为否则。 如：I must work hard, or Ill fail in the exam.（我必须好好学习，否则我会考不及格了。）二、连词具体点拨(一) 知识概要连词是一种在句子与句子之间，短语之间以及名词等其他词语之间起连接作用的虚词，它不能单独作句子的成份。按其意义可分为并列连词和从属连词两大类。并列连词连接
3、的双方是对等的。常有的并列连词有and, bothand, eitheror, neithernor， not onlybut also, as well as等。但如果连接的两部分意义不趋向一致，意义有转折的并列连词有：but, however, while (而)，only (只不过)。还有表示选择关系的并列连词，如：or, or else, otherwise 再有的是连接双方，互为因果，或表示前因后果的连词有：for, so, therefore (因此)，then等。从属连词在初中范围内常常用来连接名词性从句，如：that, if, whether, 其次用来连接状语从句。其中有原因
4、状语从句，常用的连接词有：when while, as, since, before, after, once, as soon as, until, till 连接条件状语的连词有：if, unless, as long as 等，而原因状语的连接词有because, since, as, now that (既然)。目的、结果、方式、比较、地点等状语从句的连接词有：so that, sothat, suchthat, asas, than, where 它们在句子与文章中几乎无处不见。具体用法见下表。连词用法一览表 种类 功用 例句 并列连词 连接具有并列关系的 词 He knows ne
5、ither English nor French. 短语 Are you going by bus or on foot? 分句 Mary was a good girl, but she had one shortcoming. 从属连词 引导： 状语从句 Ill do it as you told me.You will be late unless you hurry. 连接代词和连接副词 主语从句 What he said proved true.When well start has not been decided yet. 表语从句 This is why he didnt co
6、me yesterday.That is where he lives. 宾语从句 The man asked me which I liked best.I cant understand why she is so late. 关系代词和关系副词 定语从句 Nicotine is a drug that gets one into the habit of smoking.He came last night when I was out. (二) 正误辨析误 Both my parents are not here. They went to the concert just now.正
7、 Neither of my parents is here. They went to the concert just now.析 在英语中both一般用于肯定句中，如用于否定句中，其意义也不同于汉语，如：Both of us are not right. 在英语中应被理解为我们俩不都对。而Neither of us is right。 才能被理解为我们俩无一正确。误 He or his parents has some tickets for the film.正 He or his parents have some tickets for the film.析 由or 连接两主语时，
8、谓语动词应与相临近的那一个主语保持一致。误 You should study hard, and you wont pass the exam.正 You should study hard, or you wont pass the exam.析 or作为连词，这里的意思为否则。又如：Hurry up, or youll be late for school.误 Though he is poor, but he is ready to help others.正 Though he is poor, he is ready to help others.正 He is poor, but
9、he is ready to help others.析 虽然但是是中文中的常用结构，但在英文中用了虽然则不要用但是，用了但是则不能再用虽然，二者只可用其一。误 Either you or I are on duty. 正 Either you or I am on duty.析 eitheror 连接两个主语时，其谓语动词与相临近的一个主语相呼应，这也叫作就近原则。类似的用法还有or, neither nor, not onlybut also等。误 Tom is our English teacher and teaching English in our school now.正 Tom
10、 is our English teacher and is teaching English in our school now.析 并列句中常常在后面的句子中作一些省略，以免重复，但不是所有词都可作任意的省略的。当你连接的是两个系动词时，后面的那个系动词不可省略，也就是讲连接的部分不可省略。误 My father likes swimming and to collect stamps.正 My father likes swimming and collecting stamps.析 由并列连词连接的两个部分要保持相等的语法结构。如是动名词则都用动名词，如用不定式则都应用不定式，这是初学
11、者要注意的一点。误 My father is reading a newspaper, I am doing my homework.正 My father is reading a newspaper while I am doing my homework.析 两个并列句中间不可用逗号连接，要用并列连词来连接。误 My father asked me that if I wanted to learn how to drive.正 My father asked me if I wanted to learn how to drive.析 宾语从句的连接词只能有一个不能重复使用。误 We
12、will go both to Beijing and Shanghai.正 We will go to both Beijing and Shanghai.析 用bothand作连接词时，其相连接的部分结构也要相同。误 Not only Mary but also her brothers is going to dance.正 Not only Mary but also her brothers are going to dance.析 由not only but also连接两个主语时，其重点在其后面的那一个主语，所以谓语形式应采用就近原则。误 The teacher as well
13、as his students are coming.正 The teacher as well as his students is coming.析 由as well as 连接两个主语时，谓语动词与as well as 后面的名词无关，而与前面的名词相一致。误 Tom does not swim nor play football.正 Tom does not swim or play football.析 nor主要用于连接句子的对等连词，如在否定句中连接某一部分时要用or, 但要注意句子的含意，如：This animal does not like a cow or a horse.
14、 这个动物既不像牛也不像马。This animal does not like a cow but a horse. 这个动物不像牛而像马。误 For there is no light in the classroom. The students must have gone home. 正 The students must have gone home, for there is no light in the classroom.析 由for引出的原因状语从句在使用时要注意不能将该从句置于句 首，而应置于主句之后，并在主句与从句之间加一逗号。更要注意的是because, as, sin
15、ce与for 4个表示原因的连词中because是因果关系，是最强的一个，而for是最弱的一个。有些语法书中干脆把for叫做并列连词误 My brother will pass the English exam is no question.正 That my brother will pass the English exam is no question.析 主语从句的引导词that是不可省略的。这一点不要和宾语从句的引导词相提并论。误 This map will show you how will you get to the hotel.正 This map will show you how you will get to the hotel.析 名词性从句作宾语从句使用时，最重要的一点是要用陈述语句。特别要注意的是那些使
