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1、the Present Perfect Tense,现在完成时,助动词have (has)+过去分词done,past,now,Yesterday , we cleaned the classroom.,Now , the classroom is clean because we have cleaned it.,用法1,强调过去发生的动作对现在产生的结果或影响,1. My father bought many books for me yesterday . Now , I have a lot to read because _2. I saw this film last week.N
2、ow, I know this film because I_.3. I did my homework yesterday. Now, I can give it to the teacher because I_,my father has bought many books for me.,have seen it before,have done it.,“仍然，还 ” 用在疑问句和否定句中，放在句末。I havent read this book yet .Have you had breakfast yet ?,already:,Yet:,“已经”通常用于肯定句中,放在句中。 I
3、have already read this book.有时，也用在疑问句中表示惊讶。 Have you eaten up all the food already ?,“从来不” 用在否定句中,放在句中。Is he famous ?I have never heard of him .,ever,never,“曾经”通常用于疑问句和肯定句中,放在句中。 I have ever seen this film.Have you ever been to the USA ?,“以前”用在完成时中，放在句末。have never read this kind of books before.,jus
4、t,before,“刚刚 ”用在陈述句中,放在句中。 I have just bought a novel。,She began to work in 2005.She still works here now. She has worked at this school for 3 years.,now,past,I began to teach English at this school fiveyears ago.,I have taught English at this school for five years.,用法2：,过去发生的动作一直延续到现在。,1. I am a do
5、ctor. I began to work when I was 22.Now , I am 26. I _ for four years.2. We went to the USA last Monday. Today is Monday . We _ (stay) in the USA since last Monday.,have worked,have stayed,since and for,The woman has worked at this school for 2 years.( since two years ago),since 2 years ago,since 19
6、98,since she came to the school),for + 时间段,since+时间点,for 2 years/a long time,一、用for和since填空。,_three hours_three oclock_two days_yesterday afternoon_I came here_last Sunday,_a week_a long time_1997 _two weeks_three years ago _ last month,for,since,for,since,since,since,for,for,since,for,since,since,1
7、.Theyve known each other since_. A.1995 B. three years 2.Ive been interested in Chinese for_. A. last year B. one year 3. She has been a doctor for_. A. two years B.two years ago 4. Ive had a headache since_. A. I got up this morning B. five hours 5. Weve been here for_. A. one hour B. one oclock,A,
8、A,B,A,B,6. My parents have owned this house for_. A. a long time B. many years ago7. Theyve been in love since_. A. last spring B. three months8. We have known each other since_. A. one year B. last year9. -How long have you been like this? -Since_. A.last night B. two days10.-How long has she worke
9、d here? -She has worked here for_. A. 1993 B. six years,A,A,B,A,B,Exercise根据所给情况，用just,already或yet造句。1.After lunch you go to see a friend at her house.She saysWould you like something to eat? You say: No, thank you. _( have lunch )2.Joe goes out. Five minutes later,the phone rings and the caller say
10、s Can I speak to Joe? You say: Im afraid _.( go out ),he has just gone out,Ive just had lunch.,3.You are eating in a restaurant this evening. The waiter thinks you have finished and starts to take your plate away.You say: Wait a moment !_ ( not / finish )4.You are going to a restaurant this evening.
11、You phone to reserve(预定）a table. Later your friend says Shall I phone to reserve a table? You say: No,_ it (do),I havent finished it yet.,I have already done,1.现在完成时用来表示过去发生或已完成的动作或状态对现在造成的影响或结果,也就是说,动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在. I have lost my wallet.(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.) Jane has just had it.(含义是:简现在不饿了.) Micha
12、el has been ill.(含义是:现在仍然很虚弱) He has returned from abroad. (含义是:现在已在此地),2. 现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻一直持续到现在的动作和状态,常与表示持续的时间状语连用. 表示持续动作或状态的动词多是延续性动词。I havent seen her these days.Mary has been ill for three days. I have lived here since 1998.,3. 现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用,如already, yet, just, before, recently
13、, still, lately等: He has already obtained a scholarship. I havent seen much of him recently (lately). We have seen that film before. Have they found the missing child yet ？,4. 现在完成时常常与表示频度的时间状语连用,如often, sometimes, ever, never, twice, on several occasion等: Have you ever been to Beijing？ I have never
14、 heard of Bunny.I have used this pen only three times. George has met that gentleman on several occasions.,5. 现在完成时还往往可以同包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用,如now, now, just, today, this morning/week/month/year, up to these few days/weeks/months/years, up to present, so far等: Peter has written six papers so far. Man has
15、 now learned to release energy from the nucleus of the atom. There has been too much rain in San Francisco this year. Up to the present everything has been successful.,6. 现在完成时表示现在之前已完成的动作,虽然其效果或影响仍然存在但已不再继续,但是有一些现在完成时的句子,在后面加上for+一段时间,则现在完成时的动作就表示延续性. Thomas has studied Russian. (现在不再学俄语) Thomas has studied Russian for three years. (=Thomas began to study Russian three years ago, and is still studying it now.(同第2点用法第一个例句),
