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1、Section Grammar,一,二,一、阅读下列句子,指出句子中从句的类型 1.We all think (that)she is working very hard and that she will surely go to a very good university. 从句类型: 2.Thats where the battle took place. 从句类型: 3.I dont doubt that he will be against the idea. 从句类型: 4.The problem is who is really fit for the hard job. 从句
2、类型: 5.His suggestion is that we (should) climb all the way to the top of the hill. 从句类型:,宾语从句 表语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 表语从句,一,二,二、选词填空:that,whether,when,which,whose 1.The question is that man will turn up in time. 2.The reason why he was late was he missed the train by one minute this morning. 3.I dont know b
3、rother is a doctor. I hear that Toms brother is a doctor. 4.Can you tell me man is Jacks uncle? 5.He wants to know the train is leaving for Shanghai.,whether,that,whose,which,when,语法图解 名词性从句()宾语从句、表语从句,Grammar:宾语从句和表语从句 一、宾语从句 引导宾语从句的连接词主要有连接代词who,whom,whose,what, which,连接副词when,where,how,why以及连词tha
4、t,whether,if等。 阅读下列句子,指出句子中的宾语从句。 Make sure(that)all the lights are turned off before you leave. 宾语从句: 答案:(that)all the lights are turned off before you leave 【高考典句】(2016全国高考)They waited to see what the rest of the class would do. 宾语从句: 答案:what the rest of the class would do I know nothing about her
5、 except that she lives here. 宾语从句: 答案:that she lives here,注意:动词find,consider,think,feel,believe,make等后有宾语补足语时,常用it作形式宾语,代替宾语从句原来的位置,而将真正的宾语从句后置。有些动词(短语),如enjoy,love,like,hate,appreciate,take,hide, insist on,depend on,rely on等引导宾语从句时,习惯上直接在从句前加形式宾语it。,宾语从句考点 (1)wonder,doubt,be sure/certain等后的宾语从句的连接词
6、。 A.wonder意为“对感到惊奇”时,其后宾语从句的连接词用that。当wonder意为“想知道,不知道”时,其后的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句或一般疑问句,要用what,who,whose,which,when,where, why,how,whether/if等连接宾语从句;wonder用在否定句中应该用that来引导宾语从句。,根据汉语意思填空 Do you wonder nobody came? 没人来,你感到奇怪吗? 答案:that I wondered he had been so angry. 我想知道他为什么那么生气。 答案:why We wonder he will come
7、 to our party tonight. 我们不知道今晚他是否会来参加我们的晚会。 答案:whether/if I dont wonder youre tired.You have had a busy day. 你累了,这我一点儿不奇怪。你已经忙了一整天了。 答案:that,B.doubt用于否定句或疑问句时,用that引导宾语从句;用于肯定句时,用whether/if引导宾语从句。 单句填空 I dont doubt the band will become more and more popular. 答案:that I doubt he will be fit for the ne
8、w job. 答案:whether/if,C.be sure/certain用于肯定句或疑问句时,其后用that引导宾语从句;当be sure/certain用于否定句时,其后用whether/if,what,who,whose,where,when,how等引导宾语从句。 根据汉语意思填空 We are sure/certain the country will recover from the earthquake soon. 我们坚信那个国家很快会从地震中恢复过来的。 答案:that Are you sure/certain this plan is practicable? 你能确保这
9、份计划是可行的吗? 答案:that He isnt sure/certain he can get the tickets for the music concert. 他不能肯定是否会弄到音乐会的票。 答案:whether/if,(2)宾语从句的语序:使用陈述语序。 单句改错 I dont care who will you ask for help. 答案:will youyou will Do you know where have they gone? 答案:have theythey have,(3)宾语从句的时态:宾语从句的时态必须与主句相呼应。 A.如果主句是现在时态,那么从句时
10、态不受主句时态的影响,可以根据需要使用任何时态。 B.如果主句是过去时态,那么从句时态一般为表示过去的某种时态。 C.如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真理,不管主句用哪种时态,从句都用一般现在时。,单句填空 He says that he (invite)to attend the 100th anniversary of Qinghua University. 他说他已被邀请参加清华大学100周年校庆。 答案:has been invited He said that he (meet)the hostess and had a photo taken with her. 他说他见过那位女主持
11、人并同她一起合过影。 答案:had met Our English teacher told us that a good beginning (be)half done during class. 我们的英语老师在课上告诉我们良好的开端是成功的一半。 答案:is,(4)宾语从句中的否定转移。 在think,believe,suppose,imagine等动词引起的否定性宾语从句里,如果主语是第一人称,往往需要把从句中的否定词转移到主句中去,这种现象叫否定转移。 翻译句子 我认为你不适合这项工作。 翻译 答案:I dont think you are fit for the job. 注意:在
12、发生否定转移的句子中,主句的主语是第一人称时,其反意疑问句的人称及助动词要与从句的人称和动词相对应。 完成下列反意疑问句 I dont think you are right, ? 答案:are you They dont think you are right, ? 答案:do they,(5)关于that的省略。 当宾语从句是陈述句时,由that引导,这时that在宾语从句中无意义,不充当任何成分,常省略。但在以下几种情况下,that一般不可以省略。 A.在介词后引导宾语从句时,that不可省略。 单句填空 Your composition is well written except t
13、here are a few spelling mistakes. 你的作文除了几处拼写错误之外写得很好。 答案:that,B.并列连词and连接两个或两个以上的宾语从句时,只有第一个that可以省略,而后面的that不能省略。 翻译句子 We must never think(that)we are good in everything and that others are good in nothing. 翻译 答案:我们绝不能认为自己什么都好,别人什么都不好。 C.主句谓语动词与that之间有插入成分时,that不可省略。 单句填空 He announced,believe it or
14、 not, he would never forgive her. 他宣布信不信由你他决不会原谅她。 答案:that,D.宾语从句有其他连词时,that不能省略。 翻译句子 He told me that if it was necessary they would work all night. 翻译 答案:他告诉我,如果必要的话,他们就通宵工作。 E.有it作形式宾语时,宾语补足语之后由that引导的宾语从句不可省略that。 单句填空 We think highly probable that he is dead. 我们认为他很有可能死了。 答案:it,F.that引导的宾语从句中,t
15、hat之后紧接着有作主语或作定语的this/that时,that不可省略。 翻译句子 He thought that that would be a good chance for him to go to visit the world famous scientist. 翻译 答案:他认为对于他来说那可能是一个探访世界著名科学家的好机会。,(6)某些表示“要求,命令,建议”的动词,如insist,demand,suggest, order,require,request等后,宾语从句用虚拟语气时,其结构为“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。 翻译句子 The experts
16、suggested that the nuclear power station(should)be closed down. 翻译 答案:专家建议关闭那座核电站。,(7)用whether而不用if引导的宾语从句的情况。 A.引导介词的宾语从句时。 单句填空 All depends on it will be fine tomorrow. 答案:whether B.引导的宾语从句后有or not时。 单句填空 We dont know he will come to our wedding or not. 答案:whether,二、表语从句 1.表语从句的辨别 表语从句位于主句中的连系动词之后。常用系动词有:be,keep, remain,stay,lie,stand,seem,appear,look,feel,smell,sound,taste,become,
