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1、全国各地接二连三地发生了多起特大安全事故，造成严重的人员伤亡，特别是北京密云、吉林商厦等特大安全事故，引起了党中央和国务院的高度关注定语从句语法知识精讲定语从句一、考点梳理。1.考查which/who(m)引导的非限制性定语从句which引导非限制性定语从句，用以指代整个主句的内容，或主句中某个词或短语的内容。 【例】She brought with her three friends, none of I had ever met before. A. them B. who C. whom D. these【答案】C【例】 By serving others, a person focus
2、es on someone other than himself or herself,_can be very eye-opening and rewarding. A. who B.which C.what D.that【答案】B【解析】which在此引导非限制性定语从句，which在定语从句中作主语，表示前面所提到的情况。【例】 Chans restaurant on Baker Street,_used to be poorly run, is now a successful business. A. that B.which C.who D. where【答案】B【解析】which
3、 used to be poorly run为非限制性定语从句，其中的which指代前面的Chans restaurant。2.考查as引导的非限制性定语从句 as也可指代整个主句的内容，但不同于which的是，它引导的定语从句既可以位于主句的前面，也可以位于主句的后面。它的意思是“正如”，as在这些从句中作主语或宾语。 【例】_I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting. A. When B.After C.As D. Since【答案】C【解析】as引导非限制性定语从句，其意为“
4、正如”。句意：正如我在电话中解释的那样，你的要求将在下次会议上予以考虑。【例】_is often the case, we have worked out the production plan. A. Which B.When C.What D. As【答案】D【解析】引导非限制性定语从句且位于主句之前，用as引导。句意：总是这样，我们已经制定出了生产计划。3.考查由“介词十关系代词”引导的定语从句 “介词十关系代词”结构中的关系代词主要是which或whom，不能是that;其中的介词则要根据句子中的相关搭配来确定。 【例】 He was educated at the local hig
5、h school, _he went on to Beijing University. A. after which B.after that C.in which D.in that【答案】A4.考查由.of which引导的定语从句这类结构主要表示所属关系、同位关系或整体与部分的关系。 (1) It is reported that two schools,_are being built in my hometown, will open next year. A. they both B.which both C.both of them D. both of which【答案】D【
6、解析】both of which are being built in my hometown为非限制性定语从句，其中的which指代前面的two schools。(2) We shouldnt spent our money testing so many people, most of_are healthy. A. that B.which C.what D. whom【答案】D【解析】由于先行词为so many people，故关系代词只能用whom，而不能用其他三个选项。其中的of表示整体与部分的关系，most of whom意为“他们当中的大多数”。5.考查由where，when，
7、why引导的定语从句 关系副词where，when，why引导定语从句时，它们分别在从句中充当地点状语、时间状语和原因状语。 【例】Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity_sight matters more than hearing A. when B.whose C.which D. where【答案】D【例】The book was written in 1946, _the education system has witnessed great changes. A. when B.during
8、which C.since then D. since when【答案】D【解析】since when中的when指1946，since when指的是since 1946，即指“自1946年起”。注意不要误选C，如果将C改为and since then，则可选C。6.考查whose引导的定语从句此时要注意三点：(1) whose引导的定语从句，其后应紧跟名词，构成“whose+名词”；(2) whose引导的定语从句，其先行词不仅可以指人，还可以指物；(3) whose引导的定语从句指物时，可用of which代替whose，但词序不同，即whose+名词=the+名词+of which。【
9、例】Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from_effects the people are still suffering. A. that B.whose C.those D. what【答案】B【解析】whose引导的定语从句，表示所属关系。此处whose effects指the floods effects.句意：上个月亚洲的东南部受到洪水的袭击，现在人们仍然遭受其苦。【例】 George Orwell, _was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and e
10、ssays. A. the real name B.what his real name C. his real name D. whose real name【答案】D【解析】whose引导的定语从句，表示所属关系。此处whose real name指George Orwells real name.7.考查分隔式定语从句 即所考查的定语从句与先行词之间插有其他修饰语。做题时应撇开其中的修饰语，直接将先行词与定语从句联系起来。 【例】The film brought the hours back to me_I was taken good care of in that faraway v
11、illage. A. until B.that C.when D. where【答案】C【解析】先行词是the hours，back to me是插入先行词与定语从句之间的干扰成分。【例】 It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year,_for the first time in years their team won the World Cup. A. that B.while C.which D.when【答案】D【解析】定语从句修饰的先行词是an exciting moment。其在定语从句中作时间状语，故用wh
12、en。8.考查关系词省略的限制性定语从句 能被省略的关系代词主要是用作宾语的that，which，whom，who等，且只限于限制性定语从句中。另外，the way后接定语从句修饰时，也可省略关系代词。 【例】-Why does she always ask you for help? -There is no one else_,is there? A. who to turn to . B.she can tum to C. for whom to turn D. for her to turn【答案】B【例】 What surprised me was not what he said
13、but_he said it. A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which【答案】A【解析】考查the way后接定语从句的用法。the way后接定语从句有三种用法：用in which引导；用that引导；省略关系词。此题属于第三种用法。9.考查定语从句与其他知识点的综合运用【例】 He is the only one of the students who_a winner of scholarship for three years. A. is B.are C.have been D. has been【答案
14、】D【解析】此题形式上好像只是考查主谓一致和时态的运用，实际上关键是确定先行词。代词one前是否有定冠词决定定语从句中的谓语动词的单复数形式，one of the students中的先行词是the students，定语从句的谓语动词要用复数形式；但此处the only one of the students中的先行词是the only one，所以定语从句中的谓语动词要用单数形式。而且句中因为有状语for three years，要用现在完成时，所以综合判断后答案是D。【例】 Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, _I will always treasure. A. that B.one C.it D. what【答案】B二、要点点拨在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系代词或关系副词，关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as，关系副词有when, where, why。一、关系词的基本用法who 指人，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语关系代词whom 指人
