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1、非谓语动词概念,非谓语动词的基本形式,非谓语动词的基本功能,非谓语动词的一些复合型式,非谓语动词重点难点,概念,除谓语以外的一切成分。,过去分词,不定式,现在分词,非谓语动词,done,动词不定式的基本形式,被动语态,一般式,进行式,完成式,to be done,to be doing,to have done,to have been done,1.The book is said to have been translated into Russian. 2.Come, I am supposed to be calling you to lunch.,不定式与谓语同时发生 进行式 不定式
2、比谓语先发生 完成式,现在分词的基本形式,主动语态,被动语态,一般式,完成式,现在分词与/比谓语的动作同时、先发生、后发生 一般式 现在分词比谓语的动作先发生 完成式（强调先后关系）,_ a reply, he decided to write again.(MET92 39) Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received,作状语时的区别：,现在过去分词表示时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随情况等等,eg.they worked hard to pay for the necklace. I
3、went to see him only to find him out. I am glad to see you.,to do表示1.目的; 2.结果表示出人预料的情况或结果。常用only强调。 表示希望发生的结果，常用just强调。 3.原因表示造成情感变化的原因。,目的,结果,原因,eg.I like skating,but I dont like to skate today. Playing with fire is dangerous. Look out！To play with fire is dangerous.,eg.There is no joking about suc
4、h matters.,主语、表语、宾语,1. to do 表示具体的动作，-ing form表示泛指的动作。,2.“there is no +主语”句型中，多用-ing form.,作定语时现在分词 ，过去分词与动词不定式的区别,1 ，现在分词表示主动，正在进行；过去分词表示被动， 已经完成；动词不定式表示将来,2 ，作表语时或定语时， 现在分词表示“令人” ,过去分词表示“感到”,解题关键：1 看被修饰名词与非谓语动词的主被动关系 2 看动作发生的时间 3 having done 的任何形式都不充当定语,eg.He attends the meeting being held in the
5、room now. He attended the meeting held yesterday. He will attend the meeting to be held tomorrow.,eg.She has a strong wish to go to college.,3，表示被修饰词的内容时， 用to do.,非谓语动词的否定形式,Not + to do / -ing form,He decided not to do it. She wished never to see him again.,Not seeing John,I asked where he was. Not
6、having done it right, I tried again.,to do的复合结构,1.for sb. to do sth.,常见的形容词有：good=nice/bad, kind/cruel=rude, clever=wise/stupid=silly, right /wrong，sensible,2.of sb. to do sth.,sb.is/are adj.to do sth.,ing form的复合结构,1.形容词性物主代词/名词所有格+ing form 2.代词宾格/名词+ing form,主语 表语 宾语,宾语,1.The story was _,we were a
7、ll _. A.moving,moving B.moved,moved C.moving,moved D.moved,moving 2.There is a _ expression on his face.Maybe the problem is too difficult for him. A.puzzled B.puzzling C.puzzle D.to puzzle 3.With his son too_, the father was sad. A.disappointed B.disappointing 4.She let out a _ voice and we ran to
8、her hurriedly. A.frightened B.frightening,1.I could feel the wind _ on my face from an open window. A.to blow B.blowing C.blown D.to be blowing 2.Well meet Mr.Black,_ as a famous scientist. A.knowing B.to be known C.known D.being known 3._ more time, we could do it better. A.Giving B.To give C.Given
9、 D.To be given 4.A young man _ novels came to us yesterday. A.to write B.writing C.written D.wrote 5.All the things_,his proposal is of greater value than yours. A.considered B.considering C.consider D.to consider 6._Sunday, the students are at home. A.Being B.To be C.It is D.It being,不定式重点难点 1 特殊表达
10、方式,He seldom comes except to look at my pictures. They could do nothing but ask for help. We have no choice but to wait outside.,有”do”无”to”;有”to”无”do”,“别无选择做某事”: have no choice but to do cant but do cant help but do,Please give me a knife to cut with.,This question is difficult to answer.,作定语的不定式如是不
11、及物动词，不定式后面须有相 应的介词。,不定式在作表语/ 补语的形容词后面作状语，用主动 形式表被动意思。,2 充当一定句子成分时重点难点,3 “too to”结构的特殊用法,She was too surprised to see how angry her father was. Its never too old to learn.,某些形容词在“tooto”结构中表示肯定，这类词 是：anxious, eager, glad, ready, surprised, willing,在not, never, only, all, but的 “tooto”结构 中，“too”的含义为“ver
12、y”，不定式没有否定含义。,4 独立结构,To tell (you) the truth, he doesnt agree with you. To begin with, Beijing is a very beautiful city.,5 不定式与疑问词who, which, when, where, how, what 等连用,How to solve the problem is important.,To be frank; to be exact ,现在分词重点难点 1 只用现在分词的句型,It is + no good /no use; not any use/good; us
13、eless +doing There is no + doing.,2 只用现在分词充当宾语的动词,mecafps+doing (mind, miss, excuse, enjoy, escape, admit, appreciate, avoid, finish, practise, suggest, delay=put off=postphone, deny, involve, imagine, keep, resist, risk, etc.),3 介词后只用现在分词充当宾语,4 只用现在分词充当宾语的词组 get down to; object to; pay attention to
14、; look forward to; cant help 5 现在分词在need, want, require, deserve后的被动含义,e.g. The house requires repairing. He was afraid of being left at home.,动名词与不定式的不同含义：,1 be afraid to do be afraid of doing She was afraid _ ( wake ) her husband up, for he had bad temper. She was afraid _ ( wake ) her husband, fo
15、r he was ill.,不敢，害怕，胆怯去做某事,担心，恐怕出现,to wake,of waking,2 forget; remember; regret to do forget; remember; regret doing,I regret _( go ) to his home town. I regret _( tell ) you the truth.,未做,已做,going,to tell,3 stop to do/ stop doing,4 go on to do/ go on doing,5 try to do sth. try doing sth. You must try _( do ) it again. Lets try _( do ) the work in some other way.,to do,doing,6 mean to do sth. mean doing sth. If it means _ ( delay ) more than a week, Ill not wait. I mean _( go ), and nothing can stop me.,delaying,to go,打算做,意味着,7) cant help doing sth. 情不自禁，不禁 cant help (to) do sth. 不能帮忙做 8） p
