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1、第六课时情态动词和虚拟语气李仕才感 悟 高 考1._ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.(2017江苏卷)A.It were B.Were itC.It was D.Was it答案B虚拟语气中，be动词统一用were；虚拟语气的省略形式是把if省略，同时把were/should/had提前，即Were/Should/Had I.，故选B。句意：要不是老师们的支持，该生是无法克服困难的。2.Samuel, the tallest boy in our class,
2、 _ easily reach the books on the top shelf.(2017北京卷)A.must B.should C.can D.need答案Cmust必须；should应该；can能；need需要。句意：Samuel，我班最高的男生，能很轻松地够着书架顶上的书。3.If the new safety system _ to use, the accident would never have happened. (2017北京卷)A.had been put B.were putC.should be put D.would be put答案A句意：如果这个新的安全系统
3、被投入使用的话，这个事故就不会发生了。根据主句would never have happened确定是对过去情况的虚拟，所以从句谓语用had done形式。4.My room is a mess, but I _ clean it before I go out tonight. I can do it in the morning.(2017天津卷)A.darent B.shouldntC.neednt D.mustnt答案C句意：我的房间很乱，但是在今晚我出去之前不需要打扫，我可以明天早晨再打扫。darent不敢；shouldnt不应该；neednt不需要；mustnt不许。根据句意，故选
4、C。5.Do you have Bettys phone number?Yes. Otherwise, I _ able to reach her yesterday.(2017天津卷)A.hadnt been B.wouldnt have beenC.werent D.wouldnt be答案B句意：你有贝蒂的电话号码吗？有。否则我昨天就联系不到她了。标志词otherwise相当于一个条件状语从句：If I hadnt have her phone number，即对过去的虚拟的条件状语从句，可以判断出主句用wouldnt have done表示对过去情况的虚拟，故选B。要 点 精 析一、情
5、态动词的基本用法1.can 和could的用法 (1)表示“能力，能够”。No one can be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball.Oh, you are really his big fan.在打篮球方面，无人能与姚明相媲美。你真是姚明的铁杆粉丝。(2)表示“许可”，此时can可以和may换用。You can (may) go home now.你现在可以回家了。(3)表示惊讶，常用在否定句和疑问句中。How could you do such a silly thing?你怎么能做那样的蠢事呢？(4)cannot.too/enou
6、gh表示“无论也不过分”；“越越好”。I cant thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home.我们不在家时，你对我儿子的帮助，我怎样感谢你都不过分。2.may和might的用法(1)may和might表示“许可”。May I take the book out?Im afraid not.我能将书带出去吗？恐怕不行。(2)“may/might as well动词原形”意为“最好；不妨”。If you think the price of beef is too high, you ma
7、y as well buy some pork. It depends on you.如果你认为牛肉太贵的话，你不妨买些猪肉。你自己决定。3.must的用法(1)表示必要性，意为“必须”。Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now?I am afraid you must, in case he comes late for the meeting.我现在通知他日程表的变动吗？恐怕你必须通知他，以免他开会迟到。(2)表示禁止(用于否定句)。The new law states that people mustnt dri
8、ve after drinking alcohol.新颁布的法律禁止人们酒后驾车。(3)表示“偏偏，偏要”。If you must go, at least wait until the storm is over.如果你非要走的话，至少等到暴风雨结束。4.need的用法(1)need作情态动词时，主要用于否定句和疑问句中。He neednt worry about us now.他现在不必为我们担心。(2)need也可作实义动词，用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句中，其后可接名词、代词、动名词或带to的动词不定式作宾语。You need to practise reading aloud every
9、 day.你有必要每天都大声朗读。5.shall和should的用法(1)shall的用法用于第一、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。What time shall I pick you up at your house tomorrow, sir?I havent decided on the time.But I will call you.先生，我明天什么时候到你家接你呢？我还没有决定时间，但是我会给你打电话的。用于第二、第三人称陈述句中，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。Will you read me a story, Mummy?OK. You sha
10、ll have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.妈妈，给我讲个故事好吗？好的，如果你尽快上床睡觉我就给你讲一个。用于第三人称作主语的陈述句中，在条约、规定、法令等文件中表示义务或规定。The National Party congress shall be held every five years.党代会每五年举行一次。(2)should的用法表示义务、职责等，意为“应该”。The children should be taken good care of.这些孩子应该受到好的照顾。表示说话人的惊奇、愤怒、失望等特殊情感。How should
11、 I know where youve left your bag?我怎么知道你把包丢在哪里了？6.will和would的用法(1)表示意志、意愿和决心，would用于过去的情况。Goodbye, John. Come back again sometime.Sure. I will.再见，约翰。欢迎再来。好的，我会的。Why didnt you come to Simons party last night?I wanted to, but my mom simply would not let me out so late at night.你昨晚为什么没有参加Simon的聚会？我想去，但
12、是妈妈不愿意让我自己在这么晚的时间出去。(2)will可以表示一种习惯性的动作，有“总是”或“总要”之意。Every morning he will have a walk along this river.每天早晨，他总是沿着小河散步。(3)would可以表示过去的习惯性动作，比used to正式，但没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。When we worked in the same firm several years ago, we would often go to the cinema together.当几年前我们在同一家公司工作时，我们常常一起去看电影。二、情态动词表推测的用法1.c
13、an表推测。(1)can表示推测时常用于否定句和疑问句，语气很强烈。Mr.Bush is on time for everything.How can it be that he was late for the meeting?布什先生做什么事情都很准时，他怎么可能开会迟到呢？(2)can用于肯定句中，常表示客观的可能性。It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it can be rather cold sometimes.我的家乡在三月份通常很暖和，但有时候也会相当冷。2.may用于肯定句中可以用来表示推测，意为“可能”；用于否定句中
14、也可以表示推测，may not意为“可能不”，表示一种不太确定的语气。The traffic is heavy these days. I might arrive a bit late, so could you save me a place?这些天交通很繁忙，我可能会来晚一点，请你帮我保留个位置好吗？Some people who dont like to talk much are not necessarily shy; they may just be quiet people.言语不多的人未必就是害羞。他们或许就是安静的人。3.must 表示推测时只能用于肯定句中，意为“一定，必
15、定”，表示十分肯定的语气(在疑问句或否定句中要用can)。Its the office！So you must know eating is not allowed here.Oh, sorry.这是办公室！所以你一定知道这里不许吃东西。噢，对不起。4.should 用来表示推测时意为“应该”，即含有“按道理来说应当如此”的意思。There shouldnt be any difficulty passing the road test since you have practised a lot in the driving school.既然你在驾校训练了那么多，通过路考应该没什么困难。三、“情态动词have done”的用法情态动词have done用法must have done一定
