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1、Section Grammar,一、指出下列谚语中的定语从句 1.Not all that glitters is gold.(闪光的不都是金子。) 定语从句: 答案 that glitters 2.He who would climb the ladder must begin at the bottom.(千里之行,始于足下。) 定语从句: 答案 who would climb the ladder 3.Nothing is too difficult to the man wholl try.(世上无难事,只要肯登攀。) 定语从句: 答案 wholl try 4.He who laugh
2、s last laughs best.(谁笑到最后,谁笑得最美。) 定语从句: 答案 who laughs last,5.God helps those who help themselves.(自助者天助之。) 定语从句: 答案 who help themselves 6.There is no fox that is honest;there is no tiger that doesnt eat man.(没有不狡猾的狐狸,没有不吃人的豺狼。) 定语从句: 答案 that is honest;that doesnt eat man 7.He who knows nothing but p
3、retends to know everything is indeed a good-for-nothing.(不懂装懂,一事无成。) 定语从句: 答案 who knows nothing but pretends to know everything 8.It is those who have brought happiness to the people that will feel the happiness themselves.(只有给别人幸福的人,他们自己才幸福。) 定语从句: 答案 who have brought happiness to the people,二、从Rea
4、ding部分的A NIGHT THE EARTH DIDNT SLEEP中,找出至少5个含有定语从句的句子 答案 1.But the one million people of the city,who thought little of these events,were asleep as usual that night. 2.It was felt in Beijing,which is more than two hundred kilometres away. 3.The number of people who were killed or seriously injured r
5、eached more than 400,000. 4.Then,later that afternoon,another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan. 5.The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. 6.Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.,定语从句() 语法图解,1.
6、定语从句的定义 定语从句在句中作定语,修饰主句中的某一名词、代词或整个主句,被修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词 (关系代词或关系副词) 引导。定语从句包括限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分,去掉从句后主句意思往往不明确;非限制性定语从句是对先行词的附加说明,去掉从句后不会影响主句的意思,与主句之间通常用逗号分开。 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 翻译 答案 正在踢足球的男孩子们是一班的。 His mother,who loves him very much
7、,is strict with him. 翻译 答案 深爱着他的妈妈对他要求很严格。,2.that既可以指物,也可以指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可以省略,但不能跟在介词后引导定语从句。 阅读下列句子,指出定语从句的先行词和引导词: The woman that rushed out of the room just now was angry with you. 刚才冲出房间的那位女士生你的气了。(that指人,在从句中作主语) 先行词 引导词 答案 the woman;that This is the novel that interests me. 这就是让我感兴趣的那本小说。
8、(that指物,在从句中作主语) 先行词 引导词 答案 the novel;that The magazine (that) I bought yesterday is lost. 我昨天买的那本杂志丢了。(that指物,在从句中作宾语) 先行词 引导词 答案 the magazine;that,3.which用于指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可以省略,但跟在介词后引导定语从句时不能省略。 【高考典句】(2017全国)In their spare time,they are interested in planting vegetables in their garden,which
9、 is on the rooftop of their house.(which在从句中做主语) 翻译 答案 在他们的业余时间,他们有兴致在自家花园里种菜,花园在房顶上。 The radio (which) he bought yesterday doesnt work.(which作动词bought的宾语) 翻译 答案 他昨天买的收音机坏了。 This is the house in which I once lived.(which作介词in的宾语) 翻译 答案 这是我曾经住过的房子。,4.who用于指人,可作主语或宾语,在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略,但直接跟在介词后时需用whom引导从句
10、,且不能省略。 单句填空: The man is talking with my father is a policeman. 正在与我父亲谈话的那个人是警察。 答案 who/that The professor you wish to see has gone abroad. 你希望见的那位教授出国了。 答案 who/whom/that或不填 He is the doctor your mother spoke. 他就是与你母亲谈过话的那位医生。 答案 to/with whom,5.whose既可以指人,也可以指物,在从句中作定语。 阅读下列句子,指出whose引导的定语从句的先行词是什么,
11、指人还是物: This is the woman scientist whose name is known all over the country. 这就是那位闻名全国的女科学家。 先行词 是表示 的单词。 答案 the woman scientist;人 He lives in a room whose window faces north. 他住在一个窗子朝北的房间里。 先行词 是表示 的单词。 答案 a room;物,6.在以下情况中用that不用which。 (1)当先行词是不定代词或被不定代词修饰时。 All that is needed has been bought. 翻译
12、答案 所需要的一切都已经买了。 (2)当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。 The first thing that should be done is to get some food. 翻译 答案 要做的第一件事是弄些吃的。 (3)当先行词被the very,the only,the same等修饰时。 Thats the only thing that we can do now. 翻译 答案 那是现在我们唯一能做的事。,(4)当先行词既指人又指物时。 They talked about the persons and things that they saw in the facto
13、ry. 翻译 答案 他们谈论起在工厂里看到的人和事。 (5)当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。 Lucy is not the girl that she used to be. 翻译 答案 露西已经不是过去的她了。 (6)当要避免与疑问词which重复时。 Which is the car that was made in Beijing? 翻译 答案 哪辆车是在北京制造的?,(7)当主句是there be结构时,修饰其主语且主语指物的定语从句用that引导。 There is a book on the desk that belongs to Frank. 翻译 答案 桌子上的那本书是弗兰
14、克的。,7.以下情况中用which不用that。 单句填空: (1)关系词前有逗号,即引导非限制性定语从句时。 He has a walk every night,which (do) good to him. 他每晚都散步,这对他有好处。 答案 does (2)当关系代词前有介词且先行词指物时。 Here is the car about I told you. 这就是我向你谈到过的那辆汽车。 答案 which,8.通常用who代表人而不用that作关系代词的情况。 (1)当先行词是one,ones,anyone,those或all时。 Anyone who does that must b
15、e mad. 翻译 答案 谁那样做都一定是疯了。 (2)在there be结构中,先行词指人时。 There is a young man who wants to see you. 翻译 答案 有一个年轻人想见你。 (3)当先行词是表示人的名词,且后面有较长的修饰语时。 I met a friend of mine in the park yesterday who had got three medals in the sports meeting. 翻译 答案 昨天我在公园里见到了我的一个朋友,他在运动会上获得了三块奖牌。,(4)当先行词是人称代词I,you,he,they等时(常用于谚
16、语中),只能用who。 He who fails to reach the Great Wall isnt a true man. 翻译 答案 不到长城非好汉。,完成句子 1.我认识刚刚和你说话的那个男子。 I know the man . 答案 (whom/that) you spoke to just now 2.1976年发生在唐山的地震使全国人民感到震惊。 The earthquake shocked the people all over the country. 答案 that/which happened in 1976 in Tangshan 3.站在树下的那个女子是谁? Who is the woman ? 答案 that is standing under the tree,4.我看着那个学生,他脸上的表情是兴奋的。 I looked at
