《中考英语复习之动词》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《中考英语复习之动词（171页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、中考语法复习,动 词,一、动词的分类,实义动词,系动词,助动词,情态动词,动词包括实义动词，系动词，助动词，情态动词。,（一）实义动词之及物动词和不及物动词,_ 本身意义不完整，需要接宾语才能使其意思完整。I like the book. 2. _自身意思完整，无需接宾语。Birds can fly.,及物动词,不及物动词,词义辨析,1) _ 表“习惯做某事”；_表“过去常常做某事”_表“被用来做什么”,be (get) used to doing,used to do,be used to do,Pens _ write. I _getting up early. I _get up ear
2、ly.,are used to,am used to,used to,1. be (get) used to doing 2.be used to do 3. used to do,词义辨析,2) _ +“大地点”；_+“小地点”_+“地点名词”_是及物动词，+“地点名词”,arrive in,arrive at,get to,reach,reach; get to; arrive in; arrive at,词义辨析,3) _ 表“借入”；_表“借出”_表“长时间的借”,borrow,lend,keep,borrow; keep; lend,词义辨析,4) _ 表“给某人穿衣服”；_表“穿上
3、”，强调动作；_表“穿着，戴着”，强调状态。,dress sb.,put on,wear,dress sb./ wear/ put on,词义辨析,5) _ “看见”，表结果；_ “看”，表动作，不及物；_ “看(比赛，电视)” _ “看(书、报)”，表阅读,see,look (at),watch,read,see; watch; read; look (at),词义辨析,6) _ “带来，拿来” ；_ “拿去，带走；_ “扛，搬” ，用力移动，无方向_ “去取，去拿”，表往返拿物,bring,take,carry,fetch, get,take; carry; fetch, get; bri
4、ng,词义辨析,7) _ “死” ，不及物动词；_ “死的”， 形容词，表状态；_ “死” ，名词_ “垂死的”，形容词,die,dead,death,dying,dying; dead; die; death,词义辨析,8) _ “说（语言）” ，“发言”；_ “说（内容）”， 及物；_ “谈论某事” ；_ “与某人交谈”_ “告诉”,speak,say,talk about sth.,talk to (with) sb.,tell,talk to (with) sb.; say; talk about sth.; tell; speak,词义辨析,9) _ “花钱（时间）” ，人做主语；_
5、 “花钱”， 人做主语；_ “花钱” ，物做主语_ “花时间”，物做主语(通常使用 在有It形式主语里),spend,pay,cost,take,take; spend; pay; cost,句型结构,It takes/took sb some time/money to do sth做某事/买某物花某人多少时间/钱（It为形式主语） sb pay some money for sth某人为某物花多少钱 sth/doing sth cost sb some time/money某物/做某事花某人多少时间/钱 sb spend some time/money on sth/(in) doing
6、sth 某人花多少时间/钱在某物，事上/做某事,词义辨析,10) _ “寻找” ，强调过程；_ “找到”， 强调结果；_ “找出，查明（起因）” _ “听”，强调过程_“听到”，强调结果,look for,find,find out,listen (to),hear,listen (to); hear,find; find out; find,词义辨析,11) _ the game “赢”_ the game “输”，_ sb. “打败（某人）”_ in the game “失败”,win,lose,beat (defeat),fail,lose; win; beat (defeat); fa
7、il,词义辨析,12) _ 表“丢失，失去”；_表“忘记”；_表“把某物落在某处”。,lose,forget,leave,forget; lose; leave,词义辨析,13) _ 表“想到”；_表“考虑”；_表“仔细考虑”。,think of,think about,think over,think about; think over; think of,词义辨析,14) _ 表“加入”；_表“参加（活动）”；_表“出席（会议）”。,join (the party),take part in,attend (a meeting),take part in; attend; join,词义辨
8、析,15) _red_dark_cold_short / long,turn,get / grow,get / become,get,get ; become; grow; turn,（二）系动词,表“状态”：,look, seem, taste, smell, feel, sound, be, keep, stay,2. 表“变化”:,1.系动词+形容词 2.用法辨析,turn, get, grow, fall, become, come, go,1.You look happy. 2.It tastes good. 3.It smells bad.,状态变化系动词,go,come,turn
9、,grow,fall,get/ become,（五）情态动词,情态动词用法辨析,一. can , could, be able toI. can1）表“能力”He can speak five languages. 2）表“许可”=mayCan (May) I come in ?,3) 表“可能性”Can it be true?,一. can , could, be able to,4) be able to与can 的比较A) 表示能力时可通用No one can / is able to do it. B) be able to可用于任何时态。Im sorry I havent been
10、able to answer your letter.C) 表经努力办到某事，用be able to 。After years of hard work he was able to win the prize.,一. can , could, be able to 2. could1) could 是can的过去时，可用来较委婉，客气地提出问题或陈述看法。Could you come a little earlier? 2) can 和could 表示某人或某物一时的特点，译为“有可能，有时会”。He can be very friendly. He could be very proud.
11、,二. may, might 1）表许可，译为“可以”（正式场合）You may take the book home. 2) 表示推测，“或许，可能” 。It may rain tomorrow. 3) 表示祝愿May you succeed! 4) might: may 的过去式，但might表可能性较小，或表更婉转语气。 Jim may (might) lend you money. Might I ask a question?,三. must, have to, need 1. must 的用法：1） “必须” ，否定表禁止。回答其问句用neednt或dont have to。 I
12、must leave at 9. - Must we hand it in today?- Yes, you must. No, you neednt / dont have to.,三. must, have to, need 1. must 的用法：2) must 还可表示一种推断和揣测。must +do对现在事实的猜测;must +have done 对过去事实的猜测.You must be joking. I cant find my key. I must have left it in the bus.,三. must, have to, need2. must与 have to的
13、比较：A) have to-客观情况；must-主观看法。I must learn another foreign language. You have to learn another foreign language if you want to work here.B) have to用于不同时态，must不行.We will have to buy another TV set.,三. must, have to, need3. need 的用法： 1）作情态动词用时，用于疑问或否定句。回答need问句时，肯定用must,否定用neednt / dont have to.You nee
14、d not do anything here. - Need I go so soon? - Yes, you must. No, you neednt. / dont have to.,三. must, have to, need3. need 的用法： 2)need用做行为动词时的用法：I need to buy a new dictionary. My bike needs repairing /needs to be repaired .,四. will 和 would 的用法： 1. 表示“意愿”She wont lend me the money. 2. 表“邀请”或“请求”Will you give me a piece of paper? 3. would比will语气更温婉。Would like something to eat?,五. shall, should的用法A) shall的用法用于第一人称， 表示征求意见。Shall I turn on the light? B) should的用法 表示劝告，建议。You should study the article carefully. 2. 表示推测，译为 “可能，应该，该”。He should arrive at noon.,
