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1、南京市 2015 高考英语阅读理解一轮训练（10）及答案【广东省广东省 2012 届高三考前冲刺卷届高三考前冲刺卷(三三)】Technology has been an encouragement of historical change.It acted as such a force in England beginning in the eighteenth century，and across the entire Western World in the nineteenth.Rapid advances were made in the use of scientific find
2、ings in the manufacture(制造) of goods，which has changed ideas about work.One of the first changes was that other forms of energy have taken the place of human power.Along with this came the increased use of machines to manufacture products in less time.People also developed machines that could produc
3、e the same parts for a product：each nail was exactly like every other nail，meaning that each nail could be changed for every other nail.This means that goods could be mass production，although mass production required breaking production down into smaller and smaller tasks.Once this was done，workers
4、no longer started on the product and laboured to complete it.Instead，they might work only one thousandth of it，other workers completing their own parts in certain order.There is nothing strange about this manufacturing work by todays standards.Highly skilled workers were unable to compare with the n
5、ew production techniques，as mass production allowed goods of high standard to be produced in greater number than could ever be done by hand.But the skilled worker wasnt the only loser，the common workers lost too.Similar changes forced farmers away.The increased mechanization(机械化) of agriculture free
6、d masses of workers from ploughing the land and harvesting its crops.They had little choice but to stream toward the rapidly developing industrial centers.Increasingly，standards were set by machines.Workers no longer owned their own tools，their skill was no longer valued，and pride in their work was
7、no longer possible.Workers fed，looked after and repaired the machines that could work faster than humans at greatly reduced cost.36In this passage，which of the following is NOT considered as a change caused by the use of scientific findings in the production of goods?AOther forms of energy have take
8、n the place of human power.BThe increased exploitation of workers in the 19th century.CThe increased use of machines to make products in less time.DThe use of machines producing parts of the same standard.37The underlined word “this” in the first paragraph refers to_.Athe use of scientific findingsB
9、the practice of producing the same parts for a productCthe human power being replaced by other forms of energyDthe technology becoming the encouragement of historical change38The underlined word “this” in the second paragraph refers to the change that_.Aeach nail could be taken the place of by every
10、 other nailBeach nail was exactly like every other nailCproducing tasks became smaller and smallerDgoods could be mass produced39According to the writer，highly skilled workers_.Acompletely disappeared with the coming of the factory systemBwere dismissed by the bossCwere unable to produce goods of hi
11、gh standardDwere unable to produce fine goods at that same speed as machines40According to the passage，what did the farmers have to do with the coming of mechanization of agriculture?AMany of them had to leave their farmland for industrial centers.BThey stuck to their farm work.CThey refused to use
12、machines.DThey did their best to learn how to use the machines.36B 原文中并未说对工人剥削的增加，故选项 B 为正确答案。37C 倒置的一个主要目的就是使句子间连接紧密，因此单词 this 指上一句的内容。38D 在条件句中，this 指上文的内容：货物批量生产。39D 可从第二段第四句知道 D 项为正确答案。40A 可根据第二段第六句及第八句判断 A 项为正确答案。阅读理解阅读理解 If you were a pilot flying a plane, and suddenly the engine failed, would
13、 you eject(跳出), or stay in? For a pilot, the choice is very difficult. If he ejects, he is safe, but the plane crashes. If he stays in the plane, he risks his life. Recently, Chinese Air Force pilot Li Feng, 38, faced this choice during a training exercise. It was March 7 and he was flying a Jian-10
14、 (Fighter-10) at 4,500 meters. A warning appeared on the planes computer screen. He realized the plane might fail at any moment.Li Feng did a quick check of the engine and asked the base if he could return. When the fighter was 7 km away from the airport, however, the engine stopped working. The pla
15、ne began to fall at a speed of 25 meters a second at an altitude of 1,160 meters .Under Air Force rules, fighter pilots may eject if their aircraft loses engine power below 2,000 meters and cant be restarted. Before Li lost contact with the control tower, the commander in the air base asked him to e
16、ject. But Li Feng insisted on having another try.“I knew where the deadline (to give up the aircraft) was and was prepared for the ejection, but I decided not to give up unless the fighter was totally out of control,” Li recalled（回忆） during a recent television interview.After 104 seconds, Li was able to bring the fighter to a safe landing. The plane only suffered slight damage.“You are a hero! Congratulations!” Lis teacher, Xu Y
