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1、高考学习网中国最大高考学习网站 G | 我们负责传递知识！Period 4: Grammar学习目标1. 扎实掌握词汇与语法的用法，提升综合语言运用能力。 2. 自主学习，合作探究；学会分析与总结的方法并学以致用。 学习难点：动词不定式的用法 学习重点：如何掌握动词不定式的用法 课前预习 预习自测： 用括号中动词的适当形式填空学情诊断(1)Do tell me the way you think of _ the problem as soon as possible.(solve)(2)As an employee，I couldnt help but _ still for hours a
2、s the boss told me to.(stand)(3)If theres a lot of work _，Im happy to just keep on until its finished.(do)(4)I want to find some interesting books _.(read)(5)I have no choice but _ the fact.(accept) 课内探究 一、动词不定式 定义:在语法中,它是动词的一种不带词形变化从而不指示人称、数量、时态的形 式。由 to+动词原形构成，否定式 not to do. 1动词不定式的时态和语态形式 时态主动被动
3、一般式to doto be done 进行式to be doing 完成式to have doneto have been done (1)一般式：表示不定式的动作与谓语动作同时发生或动作发生于谓语动作之后。 He seems to understand what I said.他似乎明白我说的话。 (2)进行式：表示不定式的动作与谓语动作同时发生且动作正在进行。 The two cheats pretended to be working hard.那两个骗子假装在努力工作。 (3)完成式：表示不定式动作发生于谓语动作之前。 She seems to have seen this film.
4、她似乎已看过这部影片。 (4)被动语态：表示不定式与逻辑主语之间的动宾关系。 The meeting to be held tomorrow is about how to stop the pollution.明天要举行的会 议是关于如何停止污染的。 2动词不定式的句法功能高考学习网中国最大高考学习网站 G | 我们负责传递知识！不定式的句法功能是作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、主语补足语、定语、状 语等。 To get there by bike will take us half an hour. 我们骑自行车去那里要花半个小时。(主语) When our visit to the fa
5、rm was over, we expected to start back on foot. 当参观农场结束时，我们期望步行返回。(宾语) He asked me to do the work with him. 他要求我同他一起做这项工作。(宾补) I was asked to help him with his lessons. 我被请求帮他学功课。(主语补足语) Some scientists went to Germany to attend a medical conference. 一些科学家去德国参加医学大会。(目的状语) To tell the truth, I dont a
6、gree with you.说实话，我不同意你。(独立成分) 考题印证 1 George returned after the war, only _ that his wife had left him. Ato be told Btelling Cbeing told Dtold 3不定式的复合结构 (1)for名词(或代词宾格)动词不定式其中 for 本身无意义，for 后面的名词或代 词是不定式的逻辑主语，这种不定式在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语或状 语。 It is very important for us to get everything ready for the harv
7、est. 为收获季节准备好一切对我们来说很重要。 (2)带有逻辑主语的结构 of/for sb. to do sth. 当作表语的形容词表示不定式的逻辑主语的性质或特征时，用介词 of 引出不定式 的逻辑主语，这些形容词一般有 good，nice，kind，wise，silly，stupid，foolish，right，wrong, careless, impolite 等。 句中的形容词用来说明动词的特征时要用介词 for。这类形容词有 hard, easy, heavy, necessary, possible, important, difficult 等。 The first thin
8、g for students to do is to study.学生首先要做的事情就是学习。 It is foolish of you to say such words.说这种话你太蠢了。 Its easy for you to learn English well.对你来说，学好英语很容易。 4疑问词动词不定式 疑问代词和疑问副词后可加动词不定式构成不定式短语，在句中可作主语、表语 或宾语。 The problem is how to get there on time.问题是怎么按时到达那儿。 I dont know what to do next.我不知道下一步该做什么。 考题印证
9、2Twenty students want to attend the class that aims to teach _ to read fast. Awhat Bwho Chow Dwhy 二、but不定式 but 后跟不定式时有以下两种情况： 1在 cant but, cant help but, cant choose but(不得不，只能)结构后，不定式不带 to。高考学习网中国最大高考学习网站 G | 我们负责传递知识！There being no buses, I cant but walk home.由于没有公共汽车，我只能步行回家。 We cant choose but a
10、ccept the offer.我们只能接受提议。 Its raining hard. I cannot help but stay at home.天在下大雨，我只好待在家里。 2动词不定式在介词 but, except, besides 等表示“除了”之意的词后面时，如果 这些介词之前有行为动词 do 的各种形式(do, does, did)，那么介词后的不定式要 用不带 to 的不定式，否则要用带 to 的不定式。 Tom did nothing except wait before his parents came home. 父母回家之前，汤姆只有等待。 I have no choi
11、ce but to accept the fact. 除了接受这一事实，我别无选择。 There was nothing to do but send for a doctor. 除了派人去请医生，没有什么可以 做的。 考题印证 3If he takes on this work, he will have no choice but _ an even greater challenge. Ameets Bmeeting Cmeet Dto meet 当堂检测：.用所给单词的适当形式填空1The bank is reported in the local newspaper _(rob) i
12、n broad daylight yesterday. 2Id love _(drink) some wine at the party, but I had a stomachache that day. 3Lilys mobile phone was left in a taxi accidentally, never _(find) again. 4Ill do whatever I can _ (improve) my English. 5For nearly three hours we waited for the decision, only to _ (tell) to com
13、e again the next day. 6How about the two of us _ (take) a walk down the garden? 7The computer center, _ (open) last year, is very popular among the students in this school. 8Charles Babbage is generally considered _ (invent) the first computer. 9The students expected there _ (be) more reviewing clas
14、ses before the final exams. 10Since he doesnt want to accept your advice, it is no use _ (talk) to him again. .单项填空 1Many buildings in the city need repairing, but the one _ first is the library. Arepaired Bbeing repaired Crepairing Dto be repaired 2_, you need to give all you have and try your best
15、. ABeing a winner BTo be a winner CBe a winner DHaving been a winner 3We are invited to a party _ in our club next Friday.高考学习网中国最大高考学习网站 G | 我们负责传递知识！Ato be held Bheld Cbeing held Dholding 4With the world changing fast, we have something new _ with all by ourselves every day. Adeal Bdealt Cto deal Ddealing 5Edison was the first scientist _ a modern r
