《77-创业家与管理者的策略脑力》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《77-创业家与管理者的策略脑力（42页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、創業家與管理者的策略腦力 以資訊產業為例,林子銘 博士國立中央大學資訊管理研究所,2,研究的精神,研究 vs. Research 博士 vs. Ph.D 孫悟空 vs. 如來佛 教授 vs. 創業家,3,資訊管理的從業人員 技術人還是管理者？,在大學裏的資管學生 在博士班的資管學生 在工作中的資管學生 技術人、管理者與創業家的心智不同嗎？,4,額葉寂靜的頭腦？ Cavendish, VT. It commemorates Phineas P. Gage,5,Survived, he never even lost consciousness,in 1848, had a 3.5-foot-lo
2、ng metal rod blown into his skull, through his brain, and out of the top of his head.,6,策略腦力,7,The Frontal lobes,Play a part in impulse control, judgment, language, memory, motor function, problem solving, sexual behavior, socialization and spontaneity. Assist in planning, coordinating, controlling
3、and executing behavior. People that have damaged frontal lobes may experience problems with these aspects of cognitive function, being impulsive; impaired in their ability to plan and execute complex sequences of actions; persisting with one course of action or pattern of behavior when a change woul
4、d be appropriate,8,functions executive of the frontal lobes,The ability to recognize future consequences resulting from current actions, to choose between good and bad actions (or better and best), override and suppress unacceptable social responses, and determine similarities and differences betwee
5、n things or events. Play an important part in retaining longer term memories which are not task-based. These are often memories with associated emotions, derived from input from the brains limbic system, and modified by the higher frontal lobe centers to generally fit socially acceptable norms. The
6、frontal lobes have rich neuronal input from both the alert centers in the brain-stem, and from the limbic regions.,9,多元智能,對於人類聰明才智的衡量，早期從一元智力論、二元智力論、發展至現今的多元智力論 Gardner擴大多元智力的概念，提出智能多元論的觀點 智能多元論(Theory of Multiple Intelligence, MI)的概念主要源起於1980年代初期Howard Gardner所提出，其主要概念是認為，一個人是生活在許多不同情境之中，而這些不同的情境造就
7、了一個人不同的智能,10,Multiple Intelligence,Linguistic intelligence involves sensitivity to spoken and written language, the ability to learn languages, and the capacity to use language to accomplish certain goals. This intelligence includes the ability to effectively use language to express oneself rhetoric
8、ally or poetically; and language as a means to remember information. Writers, poets, lawyers and speakers are among those that Howard Gardner sees as having high linguistic intelligence. Logical-mathematical intelligence consists of the capacity to analyze problems logically, carry out mathematical
9、operations, and investigate issues scientifically. In Howard Gardners words, in entails the ability to detect patterns, reason deductively and think logically. This intelligence is most often associated with scientific and mathematical thinking. Musical intelligence involves skill in the performance
10、, composition, and appreciation of musical patterns. It encompasses the capacity to recognize and compose musical pitches, tones, and rhythms. According to Howard Gardner musical intelligence runs in an almost structural parallel to linguistic intelligence. Bodily-kinesthetic intelligence entails th
11、e potential of using ones whole body or parts of the body to solve problems. It is the ability to use mental abilities to coordinate bodily movements. Howard Gardner sees mental and physical activity as related. Spatial intelligence involves the potential to recognize and use the patterns of wide sp
12、ace and more confined areas. Interpersonal intelligence is concerned with the capacity to understand the intentions, motivations and desires of other people. It allows people to work effectively with others. Educators, salespeople, religious and political leaders and counsellors all need a well-deve
13、loped interpersonal intelligence. Intrapersonal intelligence entails the capacity to understand oneself, to appreciate ones feelings, fears and motivations. In Howard Gardners view it involves having an effective working model of ourselves, and to be able to use such information to regulate our live
14、s.,11,與個人社交能力有關的智能,情緒智能 (Emotional Intelligence, EI/EQ) 社交智能 (Social Intelligence) 文化智能(Cultural Intelligence, CQ),12,情緒智能(Emotional Intelligence, EI/EQ),主要源自於Salovey 與Mayer於1990年代有關社交智能(social intelligence)的概念 Goleman為推廣此一概念的主要人物之一 情緒智能是一種認知與表達情緒的能力、整合情緒在思緒中、對情緒的了解與合理化、以及管理自己與別人情緒的能力(Mayer & Salove
15、y, 1997) 情緒智能是一種非認知(noncognitive)的能力，其能夠影響一個人勝任環境需求與壓力的能力(Bar-On, 1997) 情緒智能主要包括自我控制、持續的熱誠、以及激勵自己的能力(Goleman, 1995),13,社交智能(social intelligence),社交智能的一般性定義：處理人際間互動的能力，其與社會的適應性(social adaptability)、以及社交性(sociability)等幾個詞為同義詞(Strang , 1930) 一個人的社交能力為情緒智能的一部分 (Goleman, 1995;1998) 情緒智能為社交智能的一個子集合(Salove
16、y & Mayer, 1990) 情緒社交智能(Emotional-Social Intelligence, ESI)的概念(Bar-On, 2005),14,文化智能(cultural intelligence),Earley 與Mosakowski (2004)提出文化智能的概念 文化智能主要包括三個部分：對文化的了解、對自己與他人的認識、及特別的行為與技巧(Peterson, 2004) 定義 一位不屬於某一文化的外來者，似乎與生俱備此一能力，其能夠如同他人的夥伴或同僚般，解讀他人所表現出其不熟悉或含糊不清的肢體語言，甚至學習他們(Earley & Mosakowski, 2004) 文
17、化智能是一種從事一系列行為模式的能力，利用這種能力，一個人可以依靠自己的技能(語言國處理人際關係的技能)和定性(適應不確定的能力)，進行自我調適，以適應其它文化的價值觀和態度(Peterson, 2004) 文化智能與情緒智能息息相關，兩者彼此互補 (Early & Mosakowski, 2004),15,創業家的人格特質,主要概念 特徵方法 (trait approaches) 行為方法 (behavioral approaches) 主要特質 對於風險與不確定性的承擔 控制源(locus of control) 自我效能(self-efficacy) 創新性或創造力(innovativeness/creativity) 社會資本(social capital) 個人特質比較 不同產業別或企業型態之創業家人格特質有所差異 創業家與企業管理人員的人格特質有所差異,
