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1、,Unit 1 Ways of Learning,Text A Learning, Chinese-Style,Warm-up Questions Background Information Words and Phrases Structure of the Text Text Analysis Review Assignments,1. What would your parents do when you were in trouble with one of your toys in your childhood? 2. If you find a little boy is try
2、ing to put a key into a box through a narrow key slot, will you help him immediately? 3. Which way did you prefer when you were in trouble with one of your toys in your childhood, turning to your parents for help, or exploring by yourselves? 4. What do you think is more important, creativity or basi
3、c skills?,Related words and expressions,teach by holding ones hand / explore / play / formal education / parents and teachers / spoon-feed / pressure / student-centered learning / guidance / enjoyment of learning,Education in the West,Much of the _ debate over education surrounds the _ to which lear
4、ning should be teacher-based or _. Which of the two should decide what should be learned, how it should be learned, and when it should be learned? _ Western and Asian methods of learning it is _ true that Western methods are more student-centred, expecting students to discover things for themselves
5、rather than _ their teachers to tell them.,current,extent,student-based,Comparing,generally,relying on,1-5,6-13,14,The Chinese staff helped Benjamin to place the key.,The authors thoughts about different approaches to learning in China and the West.,The author gives a suggestion of a more rational a
6、pproach to fostering creativity and basic skills.,What were the author and his wife doing in Nanjing in the spring of 1987? What was their son Benjamin fond of doing during their stay in the Jinling Hotel? Why did the author decide to work the key-slot anecdote into his discussions with Chinese educ
7、ators?,They were studying arts education in Chinese kindergartens and elementary schools.,Benjamin loved to carry the key around, shaking it vigorously and trying to place it into the slot.,Because he soon realized this incident was directly relevant to their assigned tasks in China: to investigate
8、the ways of early childhood education and to throw light on Chinese attitudes toward creativity.,What did the author emphasize in presenting his views about the incident? What does the author mean by saying this incident was key in more than one sense? How do Americans and Chinese differ in their at
9、titudes to creativity?,He emphasized that such self-reliance of children was a principal value of child rearing in middle-class America.,It pointed to important differences in the educational and artistic practices in China and America.,In terms of attitudes to creativity, there is a reversal of pri
10、orities: for Americans, creativity first; for Chinese, basic skills first.,What suggestion does the author make about seeking a better approach to fostering skills and creativity? He suggests we gather from the Chinese and American extremes to strike a better balance between the poles of creativity
11、and basic skills.,How does the author introduce the topic in Text A? In this text, the author introduces the topic by the key-slot anecdote (轶事). There are several ways to introduce a theme.,1. Stating the topic directly. 2. Posing a question. 3. Quoting a famous saying. 4. Relating an anecdote or a
12、n incident.,2. Sum up the contrast between the attitude of the couple and that of the hotel staff towards Benjamins efforts of inserting the key into the slot. The couple:The hotel staff:,let him explore and enjoy himself,held his hand and taught him how to insert the key correctly,Summarize: contra
13、st 、comparisoncomparison: You are asked to explain how two or more things are alike.contrast: You are sked to explain how two or more things are different.,3. Read the first sentence of Para.6 and Para.7, and decide what method of comparison and contrast is used.One-side-at-a-time method.,Comparison
14、 and contrast can be organized in two major ways: 1. One-side-at-a-time method: examine one subject thoroughly and then start the other.2. Point-by-point method: examine two subjects at the same time, discussing them point by point.,4. Sum up the contrast between Chinese and Western ways to learn to
15、 fulfill a task. The Chinese: show the child how to do something, or_ The Westerners: teach a child _for solutions to problems.,teach by holding his hand.,to rely on himself,5. Read from Para 11 to Para 13. Which method of comparison and contrast is used here? Point-by-point method. 6. Contrast the
16、two types of attitudes toward creativity and basic skills.,Chinese : Giving priority to _ at an earlier age, believing that _ can be _ over time. Westerners : Putting more emphasis on _ in young children, thinking that _ can be _ later.,developing skills,creativity,promoted,fostering creativity,skills,picked up,7. There are many ways to conclude an essay. How does the author end this text?,
