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1、welcome,动词不定式复习,welcome,动词不定式复习,His wish is to ,professional footballer,pilot,scientist,动词不定式复习,The Infinitive (Revision),定义,构成,用法,动词不定式的基本概念,动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语，但可以有自己的宾语和状语。动词不定式同它的宾语和状语构成动词不定式短语，如to read the book, to speak at the meeting 等。,动词不定式基本形式,to+动词原形,动词不定式的用法,动词不定式具有名词，形容词和副词的特征，因此在句
2、中可作主语，表语，宾语，宾语补足语，定语和状语。,功能：,主语,表语,宾语,宾语补足语,定语,状语,动词不定式的用法,1 用作主语,A to不定式常用作句子的主语。但多数情况下常用it作形式主语。将to不定式后置。句型：It is/was +adj.+for sb.+to do,例如： To fly was difficult for human beings.,= It was difficult for human beings to fly.,To take part in sports and recreation is important.,= It is important to
3、take part in sports and recreation.,B 在某些形容词kind,good ,nice, clever, careless 等作表语时，不定式前常可加of引起的短语。说明不定式 指的是谁的情况。句型：It is/was +of sb.+to do,例如：Its kind of you to say so.(= You are kind to say so.),C to 不定式还可用于结构 It +take+sb+some time +to do,例如：It usually takes me an hour to go to my office.,It will
4、take three days for the parcel to reach Beijing.,Model: A: How long will it take for the parcel to reach Beijing?B: It will take for the parcel two days to reach Beijing.,Substitues:1) us, fly to Beijing, two hours2) her, go to school by bus, an hour3) a postcard, reach China by ordinary mail, three
5、 days4) the workers, finish building the highrises, two years,2 用作表语to 不定式用于be 动词后作表语,例如：1） His job is to organize the school sports meeting.2) His wish is to become a scientist.,Ex: Complete the sentences:1) His work is _(是教孩子们数学）2) My wish is_(是成为一名足球运动员）3) Her hobby is_(是收集邮票）4) My plan is _(是去青岛
6、）5) Your homework today is _（是背诵课文）,to teach the children maths.,to be a footballer.,to collect stamps.,to go to Qingdao.,to recite the text.,3 用作动词的宾语,不定式常用作某些动词的宾语如：hope,wish ,learn, like, love, manage, offer, plan, remember,forget, try ,decide 等。,例如：She wanted to buy a few stamps.He began to repa
7、ir the watch.,4 用作宾语补足语1）to不定式用作某些动词如：tell, ask, want, invite, allow等宾语 补足语。,例如：I told him to keep quiet.Wang Haimother asked Wang Hai to post a letter to his elder brother.,2使役动词let, have, make及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel等要以不带to的不定式作宾补。,例如： He made me write a report.,注意：感官动词后既可跟不带to的不定式作宾补，也
8、可跟v-ing作宾补，前者表示动作的全部过程已结束；后者表示动作正在进行。 例如：,I saw him come downstairs.我看见他下了楼。（说明他下楼了这件事）I saw him coming downstairs.我看见他在下楼。（说明他下楼时的情景）,5） 用作定语to不定式可作名词修饰语，作定语置于被修饰名词之后。,例如：I have an important meeting to attend.Could you give me something to eat.,Ex: Complete the sentences:1) I have something interes
9、ting_(告诉你）。2) Have you got anything _（要说的）？3) She has some maths problems _（要解答）。4) I have some tapes _（要听）。,to tell you,to say,to work out,to listen to,（ 6） 用作状语1）用作目的状语。 例如： They came to see us yesterday.,“ in order to / so as to” 也表目的。可以转换成so that 引导的目的状语从句,例如：She worked hard in order to finish t
10、he job in time.,=She worked hard so that she could finish the job in time.,2) 用于结构too+形/副+to不定式（太.以致于不能)表结果。例如：He was too tired to go on walking.= He was so tired that he couldnt go on walking.,3) 用于结构形/副+enough+ to不定式（足够以致能)例如：He is old enough to go to school.We werent luck enough to have a White C
11、hristmas.,4) 用于作表语的形容词后作状语，说明原因或哪方面的事。例如：They were happy to see me.,（二）动词不定式可以和疑问词what,which,how, where, when等连用构成不定式短语。,例如：The computer doesnt know what to do.Do you know how to work out the problem?,Ex: Complete the sentences:1) I really dont know _(下一步做什么）。2) Please tell me _（什么时候出发）。3) I want to
12、 know _(哪买这本书）。4) Could you show me _(怎样做）。5) Mary doesnt know _(说什么）。6) I dont know _(乘哪辆车）,what to do next,when to start,where to buy this book,how to do it,what to say,which bus to take,(三） 动词不定式的否定形式“not +动词不定式 ”构成。,例如：Tell him not to throw waste paper on the ground.Mother told me not to be late
13、 for school.,Exercises:I Choose the right answer:( ) 1. He hopes _many foreign stamps.A. collect B to collect C to collects D collecting( ) 2.My job is_you mathsA to teach B teaching C teaches D taught( ) 3. Mother asked her five-year-old son _in the street.A dont play football B to not play footbal
14、lC not to play football D doesnt play football( ) 4. His mother let him_.A go to bed B to go to bedC went to bed Dgoes to bed,C,A,C,A,( ) 5. Im hungry now. Bring me something _.A eat B to eat C eating D ate( ) 6. Could you tell me _Nanpu Bridge?A to get to B how to get C how to get to D how to reach to ( ) 7. I heard him _in his room.A to cry B cried C cries D cry( )8 Youd better_any noise, for hes sleeping.A dont make B not to make C to not make D not make( )9 I want a box _.A to put the shoes B to put the shoes in C put the shoes in D putting the shoes,
