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1、Be short of= not having enough of 缺少，缺乏；距离，还差,e.g. We didnt buy anything because we were short of money. (因为手头紧，我们什么也没买。) 2. They said that the company was short of men. (他们说这个公司缺少人手。 ) 3. The car broke down when we were still five miles short of our destination. (当我们离目的地还有5英里时，车坏了。 ),Smell of= have
2、/give out the smell of有的气味，散发的气味；闻起来象,e.g. 1. You must have drunk somewhere. Your breath smells of wine. (你肯定在哪里喝过酒，你呼出的有酒味。) 2. My hands smell of fish. (我手上有鱼腥味。) 另外，have a smell of 有的意味,Judging by= forming an opinion based on 从来判断(用于说出某事或考虑某事的原因),e.g. 1. Judging by the look on his face, I would sa
3、y he passed! (从他脸上的表情看，我敢说他及格了。),attach importance to= consider important, pay a lot attention to 重视,e.g. Chinese government attaches much importance to economic development of rural areas. (中国政府相当重视农村地区的经济发展。),in common= shared with someone else 共有的，共同的,havein common，意为“与有共同之处”，共享。e.g. 1. The twins
4、 have a lot in common. (这对双胞胎有许多共同之处。) 2. I havent a thing in common with my father. (我与我父亲没有任何共同点。) have与 in common搭配，之间可以加表示程度的词，以指明共同点的多少：have little in common 没有什么共同之处；have sth. In common有共同之处；have nothing in common 毫无共同之处,consist of.= be made up of由构成，由组成；包含,e.g. 1. A university consists of tea
5、chers, administrators and students. (大学由教师、行政人员和学生组成。) 2. This porridge consists of tomatoes, meat and peas. (这粥是用番茄、肉和豌豆做的。) 注意: 该词组与make up不同，它不能用于被动语态,in turn= one after another 轮流，依次,e.g. 1. They answered the teachers questions in turn. (他们轮流回答老师的问题。) 2. I shall hear you all in turn. (我一个个地听你们说。
6、),That was the last straw = This was really too much to bear any longer 这真叫人无法忍受下去了。,注：the last straw= the difficulty, trouble, etc. that makes the total unbearable when it is added to ones present difficulties or troubles (from the story in which the last straw broke the laden camels back) (在现有苦难之外
7、增加的)叫人再也无法忍受的困难或苦难等(源于“最后一根稻草压断了骆驼背”的故事),Before 的用法和意义,1. before和情态动词can/could连用,表示“才”, “还没有来得及就”; before从句虽为肯定形式, 根据汉语表达习惯可译为否定形式.把before从句理解为“还没来得及做某事, 主句的动作就发生了. e.g. She became angry before I could explain to her. (我还没来得及向她解释她就生气了.) He asked a second question before I could answer the first ques
8、tion. (我还没来得及回答第一个问题, 他又问了一个问题.) The fire lasted about four hours before the fire fighters could control it.(大火持续了大约四个小时, 消防人员才得以控制.),2. 主句动作发生在前, 从句动作发生在后, 这时before译为“然后”, “后才”. e.g., Look before you leap. 三思而后行.(先看然后再行动.) It will be a long time before we finish the task. (我们还需要很长时间才能完成这项任务.),3. 主句
9、的谓语动词是否定形式时, before就译为 “就”,“便”; e.g., It was not long before he learned to use the computer. (不久他就学会使用计算机了.) I had not waited long before he phoned me. (我没等多久他就给我来电话了.),4. 主句含有hardly, scarcely等半否定副词时before可译为 “刚就”, 这时主句的时态应用过去完成时态, 从句用过去时态. Before也可用when, 其意思不变. e.g., We had scarcely reached school
10、before the bell rang. (我们刚一到学校铃就响了.) I had hardly fallen asleep when he woke me up. (我刚一睡着, 他就把我叫醒了.),5. Before的主句含有情态动词will 和would时, 译为 “宁愿也不”. e.g., I will die before give in. (我宁死也不屈服.) He would shoot himself before he told the secret. (他宁愿死也不愿意说出那个秘密.),Ex. 15 Translate the following sentences in
11、to English.,1. 她在当地一家银行里找到一份当出纳员的工作, 但不久因不称职而被解雇了. She found a job as a cashier in a local bank and soon she was fired because she proved to be incompetent.,2. 很显是他的年轻助手在经营这家书店.,It is obviously/clearly that his young assistant manages the book store.,3. 这项建议在会上一宣布,她就站起来提出异议.,She got to her feet to p
12、rotest against this proposal as soon as it was announced at the meeting.,4. 比尔已向哈佛大学申请助教职位,但他得到它的可能性很小.,Bill has applied to Harvard University for a teaching assistantship, but his chances of getting it are small/slim.,5. 由于缺乏资金,他们正在想办法吸引外资.,Being short of funds, they are trying to attract foreign c
13、apital.,6. 这个房间有股霉味, 一定是好久没住人了.,This room smelled of stale air, it must have been vacant for a long time.,7. 就业余爱好而言, 珍妮和她妹妹几乎没有什么共同之处.,As for hobbies/ As far as hobbies are concerned, Jane and her sister have little in common.,8. 不言而喻, 青年人的教育对于一个国家的未来是至关重要的.,It is self-evident that the education of the young is vital to the future of a country.,
