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1、副词,定义 副词的分类 副词在句子中的位置以及作用 一些具体副词的用法和比较 形容词、 副词的原级、比较级和最高级,副词的定义,用来说明事情或动作发生的时间、地点、原因、方式等含义或说明其它形容词或副词程度的词叫做副词。,副词的分类,时间副词 频度副词 地点/方位副词 程度副词 方式副词 疑问/连接副词 其他副词,副词在句子中的位置以及作用：,作状语 作表语 作定语 作宾语补足语,时间状语, 时间副词作状语：一般放在句首或句尾. 注意： 1 early、late、before、later、yet等一般放在句尾;2 already、just一般放在动词的前面。 如：We will visit t
2、he Great Wall tomorrow.(我们明天要去参观长城) / They have already been to the UK twice.(他们去过英王国两次)/ Soon the lost boy found his way back home.(不久迷路的孩子找到了回家的路),频度状语,频度副词作状语：一般放在be动词之后或者助动词与主要动词之间, 但sometimes、often等还可以放在句首或句尾,usually可放在句首,once可放在句尾,twice、three times等一般放在句尾。 如：Sometimes I get up early.(我有时起得早) /
3、 The workers usually have lunch at the factory.(工人们通常在厂里吃午饭) / Take this medicine twice a day.(这种药一天吃两次),方式状语,方式副词作状语：一般放在行为动之后,suddenly可以放在句首、句尾或动词之前。 如：Old people can hardly walk as quickly as young people.(老年人几乎不可能走得和年轻人一样快) / Suddenly he saw a light in the dark cave(山洞).(突然,在黑黢黢的山洞里,他看见了一丝亮光),地点
4、状语,地点副词作状语：一般放在句尾,但here、there还可放在句首。 如：There you can see thousands of bikes running in all directions(方向).(在那里,你可以看到成千上万的自行车朝各个方向流动) / The frightened wolf ran away.(受到惊吓的狼逃开了) / He walked out quietly and turned back soon.(他悄悄地走了出去,很快又返回),程度状语,程度副词作状语：修饰动词时,放在动词之前；修饰形容词或副词时,放在形容词或副词之前。但注意,enough总是放在被
5、修饰的形容词或动词的后面；only位置比较灵活,总是放在被修饰的词的前面。 如：I nearly forgot all about it if he did not tell me again.(如果他不再次告诉我,我几乎把那事全忘了) / It was so strange that I could hardly believe my ears.(它那么奇怪一直我都不能相信我的耳朵) / She got to the station early enough to catch the first bus.(她早早地赶到车站赶上了首班车),疑问词,疑问副词作状语：用于对句子的状语进行提问,位置
6、总是在句首。 如：When and where were you born?(你何时何地出生？) / Why did little Edison sit on some eggs?(小爱迪生为什么要坐在鸡蛋上？) / How do you do?(你好！),注意疑问词的顺序,连接副词用来引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句,在从句中作状语。 How I am going to kill the cat is still a question.(我打算怎样杀死那只猫还是个问题) /That is why everyone is afraid of the tiger.(那就是人人都害怕老虎的原因)
7、/ He wondered how he could do it the next day.(他不知道第二天怎样做那事),连接副词,关系副词用来引导定语从句,在从句中作状语。 如：This is the place where Mr Zhang once lived.(这就是张先生曾经住过的地方) / Please tell me the way how you have learned English so well.(请告诉我你的英语是怎样学得这么好的方法),关系副词,其它副词：,too“也”,用在句尾；also放在动词前；either “也不”,放在句尾；nor“也不”,放在句首；so“
8、如此,这样”,放在形容词、副词前；on/off“开/关”放在动词之后；not放在be之后、助动词之后、不定式或动名词之前；maybe/perhaps放在句首；certainly放在句首或动词之前。 如：He went to the Palace Museum and I went there,too.(他去了故宫博物院,我也去了) / Maybe your ticket is in your inside pocket.(也许你的票就在你的里边衣袋里) / -Tom doesnt have a computer. Nor do I.(汤姆没有计算机,我也没有。),作表语,地点副词一般可以作表语
9、,放在be等连系动词之后,说明人物所处的位置。 如：Im very sorry he isnt in at the moment.(很抱歉,他此刻不在家) / I have been away from my hometown for nearly 20 years.(我离开家乡有将近20年了) / Jim is over there.(吉姆就在那边),作定语,时间副词(如now、then)以及许多地点副词都可以作名词的定语,放在名词的后面。 如：People now often have their festival dinners at restaurants.(现在的人们经常在餐馆里吃节
10、日晚宴) / Women there were living a terrible life in the 1920s.(在二十世纪20年代那儿的女人过着可怕的日子),作宾语补足语：,地点副词一般可以作宾语补足语。 如：Put your dirty socks away, Jim! They are giving out bad smell!(吉姆,把你的脏袜子拿开！它们在散发着臭气。) / Father kept him in and doing his lessons.(父亲把他关在家里做作业) 注意 “动词+副词”的宾语如果是代词,则该副词应该放在代词之后。如：He wrote down
11、 the word.(他写下了那个词。)He wrote it down.(他把它写了下来。),asas,常构成一些词组： as soon as(一旦就), as well as(同样), as+形容词/副词+as possible(尽可能地)。 如：Please ring me up as soon as you get to Beijing.(请你一到北京就给我写信。) / Miss Gao hurried to the school gate as quickly as possible.(高小姐尽快地赶到了校门口。)注释 “as long / much as + 名词”可以表示“长达/
12、多达”的含义。如：The house costs as much as five hundred thousand yuan.(那幢房子花费高达50万元。)/ They stayed in the cave(山洞)as long as two weeks.(他们呆在山洞里长达两周。),later、after、ago、before的,“一段时间+later/ago”分别表示“(多久)以后/以前”,主要用于过去时态。 “after/before+某个时刻”分别表示“在某时刻之后/之前”,此时两个词是介词。 ago与before：ago只能用于过去时,before用于完成时。 如：He had an
13、 accident a week ago.(一周前出了一个事故) /Some years later, the boy became a very famous singer.(数年后这个男孩成了著名的歌唱家) / Have you been there before?(你从前到过那儿吗？) / After a few years he gave up smoking.(过了几年他戒了烟。),above、below、over、under,在上下方用above和below,在高低处用over和under. 如：The stars are high above in the sky.(星星高挂在空
14、中) / A plane flew over quickly.(一架飞机从头顶飞过。) 当above、below、over、under是介词性质时,意义相似。,too、also、either、nor,too(“也”)用于肯定句和疑问句的末尾,且用逗号隔开；also(“也”)用于肯定句句子谓语动词之前；either(“也”)用于否定句末尾,也用逗号隔开；nor(“也不”)用于倒装句句首； 如：Are you American,too?(你也是美国人吗？) / He is not happy and I am not happy, either.(他不愉快,我也不。)/ He didnt watc
15、h the football game. Nor did I.(他没有看足球赛,我也没有。)You can also find the market is very good.(你还可以发觉那个市场很好。),enough、too、so、very、quite、very much,的用法： enough (“足够,十分”)放在形容词或副词之后；too(“太”)、very(“非常”)、quite(“相当”)、so(“如此地”)等放在形容词或副词之前,very much(“非常”)放在动词之后。 如：Its too/so/very/quite expensive.(它太贵/那么贵/非常贵/相当贵。)
16、/ I dont like sweets very much.(我不很喜欢糖果)注意 very与 much的区别：very修饰形容词、副词的原级和现在分词形容词,much修饰形容词和副词的比较级；much还可以修饰疑问句和否定句中的动词,very不可以。 如：He is very stupid.(他很笨) / The film was very moving and everyone swept.(电影非常动人,大家都哭了) / You must work much harder or you will fail to enter the good school.(你得学习更努力,不然你考不进
17、那所好学校) / I dont like him much.(我不太喜欢他),sometimes、 sometime、 some times 、some time,sometimes(有时)用于一般现在时、 sometime(在将来某时)用于将来时、some times(数次)表示次数、 some time(一些时间)表示一段时间。 如：Sometimes they go hiking in the mountains.(他们有时徒步旅行到山里去) / I will stay here some time.(我会在这儿呆些时候的。) / I will meet your father sometime.(我什么时候要见见你的父亲。),
