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1、1UnitUnit 1 1 CareersCareers andand skillsskillsPartPart GrammarGrammar读下面的句子，体会里面的修辞手法并试着翻译为汉语。 1The old gentlemans beard is as white as snow. _ 2He was an emotionless man and it was said that his heart was made of stone. _ 3As a business person，you cannot be a mouse.You have to be a tiger. _ 4That
2、 plan is a castle in the air，you cant make it. _ 答案：答案： 1这个老绅士的胡须雪白。 2他是个没有感情的人，据说他铁石心肠。 3作为一个商人，你不能胆小如鼠，你应该非常勇猛。 4那个计划不切实际，你做不到的。修辞手段一般主要用于文学性写作中。但在英文写作中有时也需要运用一定的具有英 文特征的修辞手段。文章最忌语言枯燥无味，一篇好的作文，语言应该生动形象。而恰当 地运用修辞手法，可以使文字新鲜活泼、具体逼真，大大增强艺术表现力，扩大语言表达 的范围；而且还可以激发读者的想象，给人留下深刻的印象。因此，掌握一些一般常用修 辞手段对于实现语句亮点也
3、是非常必要的。下面介绍英语作文中常用的修辞手法比喻 (metaphor)。比喻就是打比方，可分为明喻和暗喻。 1明喻(simile) 明喻是将两种通常被视为不相似的不同事物加以比较，明喻一般要用到 as 或 like。 要使一个明喻效果不错，读者就必须对加以对比的东西非常熟悉。例如： My father has been working very hard recently and often comes home late at night.He has been as busy as a bee.在这句话中用蜜蜂来形容忙碌，使人非常易于理解。 因为大家都熟悉蜜蜂的忙碌的特性。其他的还有：
4、The man cant be trusted.He is as slippery as an eel.那个人不可信赖。他像鳗 鱼一样狡猾。 Childhood is like a swiftly passing dream. 童年就像一场急逝的梦。 What had been experienced in the past was always looming in memory like a picture. 过去的经历就像图片一样总是在脑海中萦绕。 下面请欣赏一些常用比喻短语： as blind as a bat 有眼无珠 as clear as a bell 健全的 as clear
5、as day 一清二楚的 as cool as a cucumber 极为冷静的 as hungry as a hunter 非常饥饿 as lively as a cricket 极活泼2as poor as a church mouse 赤贫的 as proud as a peacock 极骄傲 as strong as a horse 健壮如牛 2暗喻(metaphor) 暗喻是声明一样东西是另一样东西。它是两样东西之间的比较，而这两样东西通常并 不被视为同一类。但有某些共同之处。暗喻可以将一个名词的喻义与另一个名词的本义相 比较，而不用 like 或 as 来进行比较。 The wor
6、ld is a stage.世界是一个大舞台。 这句话中，世界是本义，而舞台是用来比喻的。要理解此句中暗喻的用法，你就需要 知道世界的特性。 以下都是暗喻： He has a heart of stone.他有一颗铁石心肠。 For lawyers，a courtroom is a battlefield. 对于律师来说，法庭就是战场。 couch potato 整天看电视的人 a snake in the grass 潜伏的危险 cold fish 怪人，冷冰冰的家伙 hot potato 棘手的问题，难题 3下面请同学们了解一些有关颜色的比喻 green with envy 十分嫉妒 gr
7、een horn 没有经验的人 Paul was in a blue mood. 保尔情绪低落。 redletter day 纪念日，喜庆的日子 to paint the town red 狂欢、痛饮、胡闹 roll out the red carpet for sb.(铺展红地毯)隆重地欢迎某人 to see red 使人发怒 waving a red flag 做惹别人生气的事 in the black 盈利 in the red 亏损，负债1翻译下列比喻 (1)as sly as a fox _ (2)as fat as a pig _ (3)as fierce as a tiger _
8、 (4)as firm as a rock _ (5)as greedy as a wolf _ (6)as light as a feather _ (7)as sharp as a needle _ (8)as sweet as honey _ (9)as white as snow _ (10)as sharp as a spear _ (11)as tall as a tree _ 答案：(1)非常狡猾 (2)很胖 (3)非常凶猛 (4)非常坚定 (5)非常贪婪 (6)很轻 (7)非常尖锐 (8)很甜 (9)雪白 (10)非常锐利 (11)非常高 2读下列句子，判断它们用了明喻还是暗喻
9、 (1)Our English teacher is our best English dictionary. _ (2)The students in that school all work very hard.They know time is money. _ (3)The news reporter said that the winner of the race had run like the wind. 3_ (4)Please be quiet.I need to think over the problem.Dont be a big mouth. _ (5)The fir
10、efighter was as brave as a lion in the face of danger. _ (6)He slept like a log. _ 答案：(1)暗喻 (2)暗喻 (3)明喻 (4)暗喻 (5)明喻 (6)明喻 3单项选择 (1)After John was out of work，his wife was heavily ill，soon he became a _. Acouch potato Bchurch mouse Ccold fish Dwhite elephant 答案：B 提示：句意：约翰失业后，妻子生了重病，很快他就一贫如洗。 (2)I had
11、 been feeling _ ever since my father left on his long trip. Ablue Bgreen Cyellow Dblack 答案：A 提示：句意：自从我的爸爸去长途旅行后，我一直闷闷不乐。 (3) What was wrong with Lucy? She suddenly went _ and I thought she was going to faint. Aas good as a play Bas clear as day Cas soft as butter Das pale as death 答案：D 提示：答句句意：她顿时面色苍白，我觉得她快要晕倒了。A 项“极有乐趣的” ；B 项 “显而易见的” ；C 项“性格软弱的” ；D 项“(由于疾病、受惊等)面色苍白的” 。
