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1、Period Three Grammar & Writing,人教版 英语 选修6,Unit 1 Art,一、语气的定义和种类 1语气(mood)的定义 它是动词的一种形式，表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。,虚拟语气,2语气的种类 (1)陈述语气：表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。 There are two sides to every question. 每个问题都有两面性。 (2)祈使语气：表示说话人对对方的请求或命令。 Will you please lend me your dictionary? 请把你的字典借给我用一下好吗？,(3
2、)虚拟语气：用来表示所说的不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种假设、愿望或建议等。 If I were a bird，I could fly in the air. 如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。,二、虚拟语气在条件句中的应用 在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主从句的谓语都要用虚拟 语气，现将其形式列表如下：,1.与现在事实相反 If I were you，I should(would，could，might)tell him the truth. 要是我是你，我就会告诉他真相了。(事实上我不是你) 2与将来事实相反 If it were to rain/should rain/rai
3、ned，the crops would be saved. 要是能下雨的话，庄稼就能得救了。,3与过去事实相反 If you had taken my advice，you wouldnt have failed in the exam.如果你听了我的建议，你就不会考试不及格。(事实上你根本没听我的),4错综时间条件句 当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为“错综时间条件句”，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。 If you had listened to me，you wouldnt be in such trouble now. 如果你听了我的话，
4、你现在也不会有这样的麻烦了。(从句说明过去，主句说明现在),5条件从句中的谓语部分有were，should或had时，if有时可以省略，这时从句要用倒装语序。 Were I you，I would do it in another way. 如果我是你的话，我就用另外一种方法做。 Should I have time，I would help Tom with his maths. 我要是有时间就帮汤姆学数学。,三、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用 1动词wish后的宾语从句,I wish it were spring in my hometown all the year round.但愿我的家乡
5、四季如春。 I wish I had met him yesterday. 我昨天能遇到他就好了。,2在表示坚持、命令、建议、要求等动词后的宾语从句中，谓语用“should动词原形”，should可省略 一坚持：insist 二命令：order，command 三建议：suggest，propose，advise 四要求：request，require，demand，ask,She asked that she be kept informed of developments. 她要求继续向她报告事态发展情况。 The doctor advised that he(should) change
6、 his job. 医生劝他换工作。,3虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法 在“Itisadj./某些动词的过去分词主语从句”的结构中，从句的谓语动词用(should)do的形式。常用的形容词有：important，necessary，natural，strange，impossible等；常用的过去分词通常是表示提议、要求、命令等动词的过去分词。如：suggested，decided，ordered，demanded，urged等。,It is strange that he should know me. 太奇怪了，他竟然认识我。 It is highly desirable that a new
7、 mayor be appointed for this city. 人们渴望给这个城市任命一位新市长。 It is necessary that we should learn English well. 我们学好英语是很必要的。,4虚拟语气还可在表语从句、同位语从句中运用，从句的谓语动词由“should动词原形”或只用动词原形构成 It is a pity that he(should) refuse our invitation.(同位语从句) 他拒绝了我们的邀请，真遗憾！ My suggestion/advice is that she wait till next week. 我的建
8、议是她等到下周。,5虚拟语气还可用来表示祝愿、诅咒、禁止等 Long live the unity of the Chinese people! 中华民族的统一万岁！ God bless you！上帝保佑你！ 6as if/though引起的表语从句或状语从句中，也用虚拟语气 They talked as if they had been friends for years. 他们谈起话来就好像是多年的老朋友。,7Its(high/about)time that 句型，也用虚拟语气 Its time that you went to fetch your daughter from the k
9、indergarten.是你去幼儿园接女儿的时候了。 8在in case，for fear that，in order that，so that引导的目的状语从句中，谓语动词一般用should/could/might动词原形，其中should可省略,She walked quietly for fear that she might wake up her roommates. 她轻轻地走，以免惊醒她的室友。 Have your gun ready in case we(should)need it. 把你的枪准备好，以防万一我们需要。,.使用虚拟语气改写下列句子，句意保持不变 1I was
10、able to buy the car because Li Hua lent me the money. If Li Hua had not lent me the money，I wouldnt have been able to buy the car. 2He is easygoing，so he has a number of friends. If he were not easygoing，he wouldnt have a number of friends.,3I was given enough money.I bought the book. If I had not b
11、een given enough money，I wouldnt have bought the book. 4Tom doesnt have many friends.He feels lonely. If Tom had many friends，he would not feel lonely. 5Peter was not familiar with software，so he was fired by his boss. If Peter had been familiar with software，he wouldnt have been fired by his boss.,
12、.翻译句子 1我要是没有许多事情要做，也许会在这里多待些时间。 I might stay here a bit longer if I didnt have many things to do. 2但愿一年四季都是春天。 I wish it were spring all the year round.,3他坚持要我们大家想尽办法按时去那儿。 He insisted that all of us should be there on time by any means. 4如果她年轻点，她就会干。 Were she younger，she would do it. 5我们有必要出去散散步。 I
13、ts necessary that we should have a walk now.,.完成句子 1How I wish _(我听了你的建议)! 2Her trembling voice suggested _ (她很紧张),I had followed your advice,she was very nervous,3He insisted that _(他没有做错) 4Id rather _(我看过这部电影) 5The situation required that _(他在场),he had done nothing wrong,I had seen the film,he be
14、present,01,01,02,02,03,03,单 元 重 点 句 型,语 句 衔 接,语 篇 写 作,Writing,1Without the new paints and the new technique，we should not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous.(p.2) 没有新的颜料和新的(绘画)手法，我们就不会看到很多这一时代著名的杰作。 句型分析：without引起的短语或句子常暗含着含蓄条件，主句动词用虚拟语气。如： Without water，there
15、 would be no life. 没有水就没有生命。,即学即练完成下列句子 (1)没有你的帮助，我就不能按时完成工作。 _，I _my work on time. (2)人没有空气就不能生存。 _,Without your help,couldnt have finished,Human beings cant live without air.,2On the one hand，some modern art is abstract；on the other hand，some paintings of modern art are so realistic that they look
16、 like photographs.(p.3) 一方面，有些现代艺术是抽象的；另一方面，有些现代派的作品确是那么写实，看上去就像一幅照片。,句型分析：on (the) one hand；on the other hand用以引导出一对相互矛盾的观点、意见，常译作“一方面另一方面”。on the other hand有时也能单用，作“另一方面”讲，表示陈述补充一些新的不同的事实。如：,On the one hand the hotel is near the sea，but on the other hand it costs a lot. 好的方面是这家旅馆靠海，可是另一方面房租太贵。 Its cheap but on the other hand the quality is poor. 那件东西便宜，但从另一方面来说，质量很差。,
