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1、快速阅读整体做题步骤：,a. 略读知大意：首先略读文章题目，首末段，小标题，各段首末句，了解文章大意。,b. 题干定题型：根据题干陈述确定题型是主旨题还是细节题。,c. 信号词找答案：利用题干和文章中的信号词判断、选择、填空。注意：只找不读，看到即所选；看一个题，做一个。不要把文章看完再做题，或题看完再读文章。,d. 适当检查,快速阅读中的信号词,1. 题干中的信号词：,a. 人名、地名、国家、语言、组织机构等专有名词所产生的大写单词,b. 时刻、年份、价格、比例等所产生的数字,c. 生僻的或冗长的名词（这些名词有序数词、形容词比较级、最高级、定语从句来修饰）、动词、形容词（比较级、最高级）,
2、d. 冒号、引号、破折号、连词符、数量单位等标点符号; 特殊字体类斜体、首字母缩略、特殊符号（$， ￥， %）,2. 文章中的信号词,a. 结构框架的信号词,引领： There are three major reasons.,总结： The result.; In conclusion.; We can conclude.; One of the primary conclusions,强调： The main / important point / conclusion / reason; The point to note here.,b. 表示逻辑关系的信号词,因果： （原因）beca
3、use, for, due to, （结果）as a result, therefore, hence, consequently.,并列： and, or.,解释： in other words, thats to say, it means. 标点符号(破折号、小括号、冒号),举例： for example, for instance, like, such as, these include, to illustrate, among these are.,对比：（相反）on the contrary, while, in contrast, otherwise.（相同）likewise
4、, as well, similarly, equally.,转折： however， but, yet, while, in fact.,层次： first/ second., firstly/ secondly., in addition， besides, moreover, whats more. 顺序： then, the next morning, later, after that,目的、方式、条件：to, for, in order to, so as to, in order that, so that, for the purpose of ; with, through,
5、 by means of,选词填空步骤：,1. 通读全文,2. 确定词性：不认识的单词看后缀；认识的单词小心选,3. 选词填空,4. 回顾检查,传统阅读：与快速阅读相比传统阅读在读题的时候还要注意看选项的意思。另外传统阅读更要注意对文章逻辑关系的把握和长难句的理解。,完形填空解题步骤,1. 通读文章，了解大意。,2. 初选答案：词义与词形的辨析；逻辑关系；固定搭配；语法结构,3. 4. 回头补缺、核实答案。,改错,题型分析,改错题通常选用一篇200词左右的短文，其中有10个语法结构和用词方面的错误，分布在除首句外的10行中。这些错误可能是因为用错了一个词或词形变化造成的，也可能是因为多用一个词
6、或少用一个词造成的。用错的词可能是意义或形式容易混淆的词，可能是意义相反的词，也可能是造成语法错误或搭配错误的词；词形变化错误可能是词性、时态、语态、性、数、格等语法方面的错误。有的错误在同一短语或句子中一眼就能辨别，有的错误则必须在充分理解上下文的基础上才能识别。,形式主要有以下三类：,1. 错词（words mistaken）。 在标有题号的一行中有一词在词法、搭配或词义等方面有错误，要求考生找出错误并换上正确的词（change a word），这类错误在所有错误中占绝大多数。,2. 缺词（words missing）。 在标有题号的一行的任何位置包括行首词前和行末词后缺了一词，要求考生按
7、语法、搭配或上下文语义的需要找出缺词的位置并补上所缺的词（insert a word）。,3. 多词（words redundant）。 在标有题号的一行中有一词按语法、搭配或上下文语义要求纯属多余，要求考生认定该多余的词并划去（cross out a word）。,解题策略,一、词汇用法错误,1固定搭配错误：主要是一些常用介词短语、动词短语、形容词短语的误用，另外，一些固定句型中词汇的搭配也容易出错。对付此类错误的方法是大量记忆，熟悉这些固定的搭配。,例1：about an American who had been invited to an Arab meal at one of the
8、 countries of the Middle East,答案： at应改为in，in the country为固定介词短语搭配。,例2：，but such reasons are totally dependent in the balance of risks and benefits for the patients,答案：in应改为on，dependent on为固定的形容词短语搭配。,例3：However，a second person thought that this was more a question of civilized behavior as good manne
9、rs,答案：as应改为than，morethan为固定句型搭配，表示“与其说不如说”,2单词的混用：这种错误是指误用了某个在形式或意义上与正确的单词相似的单词。,例1：Between sunrise and sunset，streets and highways are a constant source of voice from cars，buses and trucks.,例2：Immediately before him was a very flat piece of bread that looked，to him，very much as a napkin,答案：此处as应改为l
10、ike，as与like都可作介词用，表示“像一样”时，应用like，而as表示“作为”。,答案： 原文讲述噪音污染，所以，此处的voice应改为noise。,二、篇章理解错误,1语意的颠倒：这类错误多指在语意表达上用了相反的词，造成上下文逻辑推理上的自相矛盾。做题前应该先阅读全文，领会上下文承接关系与语意关系。,答案：将present改为absent才合乎逻辑,例：If he was present because of sickness， there was often no job for him when he returned,2指代关系的错误：这类错误主要指由于人称代词、物主代词及指
11、示代词的误用，导致指示不清、逻辑混乱，甚至前后矛盾。细心推敲和全局观念是破解此类错误的关键。,答案：从原文看，此处指妇女涨工资、被提升的速度会大大地减缓。所以，its应改为their（妇女的）,例2：，he finds it pleasing he is influencing people：they are drawn to them,例1：womens wages. A break in their employment， or a decision to work part time，will slow its raises and promotions,答案：them应改为him，指人
12、们为他所吸引。,3连接词与关系词的错误：这类错误主要出现在定语从句与状语从句中，正确地分析句与句之间的逻辑关系，才能选择合适的连接词与关系词。,答案：原文讲述噪音污染，从上下文看，前后两句之间应为转折关系，而非条件关系，所以，连词if应改为but或though。,例2：Instead，this other person told us a story，it he said was quite well known,例1：It appears that we all find company in sound，if we all demand a little quiet from time t
13、o time,答案：后半句显然是一个非限制性定语从句修饰story，所以，应将it改为关系词which。,解题步骤,2）根据上述改错题中常见的出题点，按图索骥，对号入座。注意一时拿捏不准的题目可先跳过；,3)最后，再通读一遍全文，做好扫尾工作，解决难题，复查做好的题。,1)首先，通读全文，把握文章全貌，抓住文章主旨大意；,试题分析 Passage 1,When we speak of a human need, we mean something which is unnecessary to life, something we can live with. 67 Food is a hum
14、an need. We will starve to death if there 68 were no food on earth; but even if we have plenty of food, but of the wrong kind, our bodies will have problem from lack of the right food. This is known for malnutrition(营养不良）. 69,unnecessary 改为necessary,will改为would,for改为 as,试题分析,In countries where are n
15、ot developed, mans food 70 needs are the same like in the most advanced societies We. 71 all need food and could live a good life on very few types of food. People in very developed countries eat only the kinds 72 of food which can be grown near their homes, whereas people in developed countries eat
16、 foods which are often grown many thousands of miles away form their homes.,where改为which/that,like改为as,developed改为undeveloped,试题分析,People in undeveloped countries are happy with less different kinds of foods than people in very developed ones are, so we can say that despite the needs of the two kind
17、s 73 of people are the same, their wants are different. People in very developed countries eat many different types of meatthey could live by only one, but they would be very 74 unhappy because every time what they ate was the same. Even such special food as chicken would be less fun to 75 eat if you had them every day. But we cant just live on meatwe need other kinds of food like bread, rice, and vegetables which are no more necessary to our bodies. 76,
