《Translationofidioms英语习语翻译》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《Translationofidioms英语习语翻译（30页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、Chapter Fifteen,Translation of Idioms,Idiom,Definition An idiom is an expression, word, or phrase that has a figurative meaning that is comprehended in regard to a common use of that expression that is separate from the literal meaning or definition of the words of which it is made.,Idiom,Feature Cu
2、lturally relative: An idiom is generally a colloquial metaphora term requiring some foundational knowledge, information, or experience, to use only within a culture, where conversational parties must possess common cultural references. Therefore, idioms are not considered part of the language, but p
3、art of the culture.,Idiom,An idiom is an expression not readily analyzable from its grammatical construction or from the meaning of its component parts. It is the part of the distinctive form or construction of a particular language that has a specific form or style present only in that language. (N
4、ew International Websters Collegiate Dictionary ) An idiom is an expression whose meaning is not predictable from the usual grammatical rules of a language or from the usual meanings of its constituent elements. (Random House Websters College Dictionary ),Translation of idiom,Foreignizing translatio
5、n: retaining the cultural flavors of the SL enables the reader to have an alien reading experience developing the readers awareness of cultural difference Domesticating translation: minimizes the foreignness of the SL text by changing the heterogeneous elements into what is familiar to the TL text,异
6、化：主张直译原文的语言形式（即便这种语言形式不完全切合译语习惯），保留构成原语言的文化因子（主要是形象）。归化：主张以纯熟地道的译语和相关联的文化因子进行翻译。,Translation of idiom (C-E),Foreignizing translation剖腹藏珠 出自资治通鉴唐纪太宗贞观元年：“吾闻西域贾胡得美珠，剖身以藏之，有诸？” rip open the stomach and hide a pearlsacrifice life for money 你自己手里拿着这个，岂不好？明儿再送来。就失了手也有限的，怎么忽然又变出这“剖腹藏珠”的脾气来！（红楼梦） 译文：Wouldnt
7、 that be better? You can send it back later. And even if want to “cut open your stomach to hide a pearl”?,明枪易躲，暗箭难防 译文：It is easy to dodge a spear in the open, but hard to guard against an arrow shot from hiding. 城门失火，殃及池鱼 译文：A fire on city wall brings disaster to the fish in the moat. 路遥知马力，日久见人心 译
8、文：As a long road tests a horses strength, so a long task proves a persons heart.,初生牛犊不怕虎 译文：New-born calves make little of tigers. 口蜜腹剑 译文：to be honey-mouthed and dagger-hearted 声东击西 译文：to shout in the east and strike in the west 望梅止渴 译文：quench ones thirsty by thinking of plums 画饼充饥 译文：to draw cakes
9、 to allay hunger,刻骨铭心 译文：to be engraved on ones heart and bones 引狼入室 译文：to lead a wolf into the house 重见天日 译文：to see the daylight again 百川归海 译文：All rivers flow into the sea.,所以这李纨虽青春丧偶，且处在膏梁锦绣之中，竟如“槁木死灰”一般，一概不问，（红楼梦） 译文：So this young widow living in the lap of luxury was no better off than withered
10、wood or cold ashes, taking no interest in the outside world.,他一家子在这儿，他的房子、地在这儿，他跑？跑得了和尚跑不了庙。（周立波：暴风骤雨） 译文：Escape? But his home and property cant escape. The monk may run away, but the temple cant run with him. 咳！这一来，竹篮子打水一场空了。（梁斌：红旗谱 ） 译文：Ah! We were drawing water in a bamboo basket.,Foreignizing tr
11、anslation or domesticating translation?,一个汉语的习语，有其含义大致相近的英语习语，顺手牵羊，便可作归化英译;反之，若做直译，保留其文化因素，作异化处理，也未尝不可。何去何从，令人犹豫。,竭泽而渔: to drain a pond to catch all the fish（异化） kill the goose that lays the golden eggs （归化） 打草惊蛇: to stir up the grass and alert the snake（异化） wake up a sleeping dog (归化) 易如反掌: to be a
12、s easy as turning over ones hand（异化） as easy as falling off a log（归化）,雪中送炭： to send charcoal in snowy weather（异化） to help a lame dog over a stile（归化） 守口如瓶：to keep ones mouth closed like a bottle（异化） to keep a still tongue in ones head（归化） 掌上明珠:a pearl in the palm (异化)the apple of ones eye (归化),小结,归化
13、？异化？其实质是直译与意译，是形式与内容的矛盾。 “Not only the equivalence content of message, but, in so far as possible, an equivalence of the form.” (Nida) Nida提出了改变形式的五个条件。不合乎五个条件，就不能随意更改；必须保持形式的一致，也就是采取直译的方法。“Translate literally, if possible, or, appeal to free translation.” （陆殿扬）,Nida 认为，只有在一定条件下，才可以改变形式。为此，他提出了改变形式的
14、五个条件：1.直译会导致意义上的错误时；2.引入外来语形成语义空白(Semantic Zero)，读者有可能自己填入错误意义时；3.形式对等引起严重的意义晦涩时；4.形式对等引起作者原意所没有的歧义时；5.形式对等违反译入语的语法或文体规范时。,“直译基础上的意译”翻译的指导思想 语言是文化的载体。翻译若仅仅传达信息了事，那将铸就缺憾。,Domesticating translation,眉飞色舞： 译文：his eyebrows are flying and his countenance is dancing. 改译：to beam with joy 粗枝大叶 译文：with big br
15、anches and large leaves 改译：to be crude and careless 灯红酒绿 译文：with red lights and green wine 改译：dissipated and luxurious 纸醉金迷： 译文：with drunken paper and bewitched gold 改译：(a life of )luxury and dissipation,扬眉吐气 译文：to raise the eyebrows and let out a breath 改译：to feel proud and elated 开门见山 译文：to open t
16、he door and see the mountain 改译：to come straight to the point 风雨飘摇： 译文：the wind and rain are rocking 改译：(of a situation) being unstable,Foreignizing translation ? Domesticating translation?,有鲜明文化色彩的习语（衍生于某个历史故事或人物掌故） 叶公好龙 译文：professed love of what one really fears 南柯一梦 译文：a fond dream or illusory jo
17、y/ fond dream 四面楚歌 译文：to be besieged on all sides 悬梁刺股 译文：to be extremely hard-working in ones study,初出茅庐 译文：at the beginning of ones career 罄竹难书 译文：(of crimes) too numerous to mention 失之东隅，收之桑榆 译文：What one loses on the swings, one gets back on the roundabouts. 塞翁失马，安知非福？ 译文：A loss may turn out to be a gain.,
