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1、Unit 2 Robots,写作专题 Science fiction genre: imaginative writing,语法专题 复习被动语态 (1),Period Three Grammar & Writing,语法专题 复习被动语态 (1),.用所给动词的正确形式填空 1.They still have many difficulties (overcome). 2.I (invite) to visit their country before long. 3.A friend of mine returned to his house after a holiday，only to
2、 find it (break) into. 4.Have you handed in your schoolwork yet? Yes，I have.I guess it (grade) now. 5.Are there any more letters (post)?,答案,语法感知,to overcome,shall be invited,had been broken,is being graded,to be posted,.完成句子 1.A note up to the speaker. 有人给讲演者递上一张纸条。 2.A power station in their hometo
3、wn. 他们的家乡建立了一座发电站。 3.He didnt expect the book so well. 他没想到这本书会受到如此热烈的欢迎。 4.My second boy to school next September. 明年九月我将送我次子去读书。 5.I never thought that the information to me so early. 我没想到他那么早就会把资料带给我了。,答案,was passed,has been set up,to be received,will be sent,would be brought,语法精析,语态是动词的一种形式，它表示主
4、语和谓语的关系。语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。如果主语是动作的执行者，或者说动作是由主语完成的，要用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，或者说动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成的，则用被动语态。 被动语态的构成是：助动词be动词过去分词。 一、各种时态的被动语态,1. 各种时态的主、被动语态构成,2.注意事项 (1)“be过去分词”并非都是被动语态，系动词 be，feel，seem，look等词后面的过去分词已转化为形容词，作表语用，构成系表结构，表示某种状态。 Im interested in mathematics. 我对数学感兴趣。 He seems unsatisfied with his
5、 work. 他似乎对自己的工作不满意。 (2)“get过去分词”也表被动。 We got separated when we entered the big hall. 我们进入大厅时被冲散了。,(3)某些情况用主动语态来表示被动含义。 read，write，act，iron，burn，cut，draw，drive，sell，wash，clean，wear，open，cook，lock，shut，dry，eat，drink等动词，用来说明主语的性质特征而不强调被执行者的动作时，用主动形式表达被动意义，且常与not，hardly，well，easily，badly，nicely等副词连用。 T
6、he door doesnt open easily. 门不容易打开。 Bikes of that kind sell well. 那种自行车好卖。,(4)不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语： fit，have，wish，cost，agree with，arrive at/in，shake hands with，succeed in，suffer from，happen to，take part in，walk into，belong to等。 This key just fits the lock. 这把钥匙只适合于这把锁。 Your story agrees with what has
7、already been heard. 你的故事与听说的相符合。,题组训练1 用所给动词的正确形式填空 (1)I have to go to work by taxi because my car (repair) at the garage. (2)George and Lucy got married last week. Did you go to their wedding? No，I (invite).Did they have a big wedding? (3)The window is dirty. I know. It (clean) for weeks.,答案,is bei
8、ng repaired,hadnt been invited,hasnt been cleaned,(4)This is one of the oldest temples in China. It (date) back to the 9th century. (5)Put these glasses away before they get (break). OK. Ill put them in the cupboard. (6)What about the books? Books of this kind (sell) well. (7)The flowers were so lov
9、ely that they (sell) out in no time. (8)My money (run) out.I must go to the bank to draw some of my savings out before Ive none in hand.,答案,dates,broken,sell,were sold,is running,二、不定式的被动形式,动词不定式具有动词特点，可以有自己的宾语和状语，还有时态和语态特征。当不定式的逻辑主语是其动作的承受者时，不定式一般要用被动形式。 1.不定式被动形式的构成,2.用法 (1)作主语 Its a pity to be ke
10、pt in the house in such fine weather. 在这样的好天气里被关在家里真是遗憾。 (2)作宾语 The boy asked to be given an opportunity to try again. 那男孩要求再给他一次尝试的机会。 (3)作表语 Her dream is to be sent to study abroad. 她的梦想是被派往国外留学。,(4)作宾语补足语或主语补足语 The captain ordered the flag to be raised. 船长命令升旗。 The book is said to have been trans
11、lated into French. 据说这本书已被译成了法语。 (5)作定语 There were plans to be made at once. 要立即制订计划。 He was the last one to be asked to speak at the meeting. 他是最后一个在会上被邀请发言的人。,(6)作状语 His mother left the small village，never to be seen again. 他母亲离开了那个小山村，再也没人见过她。 Id like my bedroom to be cleaned. 我想整理一下我的卧室。,题组训练2 用
12、所给动词的正确形式填空 (1)George returned after the war，only (tell)that his wife had left him. (2)Weve had a good start，but next，more work needs (do) to achieve the final success. (3)Its important for the figures (update) regularly.,答案,to be told,to be done,to be updated,(4)Having a trip abroad is certainly go
13、od for the children，but it remains (see) whether they will enjoy it. (5)Are you going to attend the important meeting (hold) next Monday? No，unless invited to.,答案,to be seen,to be held,3.不定式的主动表被动用法 (1)动词不定式在名词后面作定语，不定式和名词之间有动宾关系时，又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系，这时要用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。 He has a family to support.(to
14、support与family是动宾关系，与he是主谓关系。) 他要维持一个家庭。 注意：若句子的主语不是不定式的逻辑主语时，不定式要用被动式。 Ill go to the post office.Do you have a letter to be posted? (不定式的被动语态作定语，you不是post动作的执行者。) 我要去邮局，你有信要寄吗？,(2)在某些“形容词不定式”作表语或宾语补足语的结构中，句子的主语或宾语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。这些形容词有nice，easy，fit，hard，difficult，important，impossib
15、le，pleasant，interesting等。 That question is difficult to answer. 那个问题不容易回答。 (3)在there be.句型中，当动词不定式修饰名词作定语时，不定式用主动式作定语，重点在人；用被动形式作定语，重点在物。 There is no time to lose/to be lost.(用 to lose可看成for us to lose；用to be lost，谁 lose time不明确。) 没有可以失去的时间了。,题组训练3 用所给动词的正确形式填空 (1)The old man sat in front of the television every evening，happy (watch) anything that happened to be on. (2)The difference in thickness and weight from the earlier version makes the iPad 2 more comfortable (hold).,
