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1、12.What is the name of the woman?A. Smith B. Lily C. Diana13.How is the woman required to end a call?A. By promising to do somethingB. By introducing their productsC. By saying goodbye to customers14.What are the speakers talking about?A. How to deal with difficult callersB. How to sell the products
2、 of their companyC. How to answer customers phone calls properly,12. I am greatly convinced that prevention is better than cure. 我深信预防胜于治疗。,13. The importance of traffic safety cannot be overemphasized. 交通安全的重要性无论怎样强调都不为过,一、非谓语动词的句法功能,非谓语动词：“非”即“不”，即在句中充当除谓语之外的成分。,二.非谓语动词之“三剑客”,“三剑客”之“变形记”,不定式,v-ing
3、,过去分词,一般式：done无,一般式：to do 进行式：to be doing完成式：to have done被动式：to be doneto have been done,一般式：doing完成式：having donehaving been done被动式：being donehaving been done,原则一：用作目的状语，原则上要用不定式,原则二：用作伴随状语，原则上要用现在分词,原则三：用作结果状语时，可用-ing或不定式,原则四：凡是含有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。,原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语原则上应与主句主语保持一致,原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之
4、前时，原则上要用完成式,原则七：用于名词后作定语时：用不定式，表动作尚未发生; 用-ing，表动作正在进行; 用过去分词，表动作已经发生，同时表示被动意义,三.英语非谓语动词题的七条经典原则,ing形式作伴随状语与 to do作目的状语的区别： 作伴随状语的ing形式与谓语动词的动作同时发生且 前面常常带一逗号;而作目的状语的不定式的动作要比 谓语动词的动作后发生前面不能用逗号。 用括号里所给词的适当形式填空 1. Write to the editor, _ that the editor would be able to help her（ hope ） 2.She reached the
5、 top of the hill and stopped there_ on a big rock( rest ) 3.The secretary worked late into night , _ a long speech. ( prepare ) 4. _ warm, we shut all the windows. ( keep ),preparing,to rest,hoping,To keep,back,原则三：用作结果状语时，可用-ing或不定式，其原则区别是： 一般用-ing，表示一定逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之中。 用不定式表示非逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之外。 5. The
6、glass doors have taken the place of the wooden onesat the entrance，_ in the natural light during the day. （2007天津卷）A. to let B. letting C. let D. having let【解析 此处用-ing 表示自然而然的结果。如：It rained heavily， causing severe flooding in that place. 大雨滂沱，造成了那个地方洪水泛滥。6. Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since
7、the start of the year，_ a record US$ 57. 65 a barrel on April 4. （2005山东卷）A. have reached B. reaching C. to reach D. to be reaching,back,原则四：凡是含有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。 但是，如果所涉及的动作尚未发生，则用不定式的被动 式；如果所涉及的动作正在进行，则用-ing的被动式.9.The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle _. （2007浙江卷）A. t
8、o be heard B. to have heard C. hearing D. being heard【解析】根据句意，此处指的是“被听见”，故要用被 动式，因此可排除 B 和 C。另外，由于“设法被听见”为目的状语，动作在当时尚未发生，故用不定式，即选 A。,back,四. 非谓语动词解题 四大步骤,（一）分析句子结构,辨别“谓语与非谓语”,_many times , but he still couldnt understand it .,2. _many times , he still couldnt understand it .,A. Having been told B. B
9、eing told C. He had been told D.Though he was told,C,_,A,注意连词,3.It _ a hot day, wed better go swimming.,4. _ a rainy day ; we decided not to go there.,is B. to be C. being D.It being E. It was F. been,C,E,注意标点符号,非谓语动词虽不能作谓语，但仍具有动词特点，其逻辑上的动作执行者就叫做逻辑主语。,（二）找逻辑主语,1.Walking along the street one day, she
10、 saw a little girl running up to her. 2.She is reading a book found on the way. 3.Most of the artists invited to the party werefrom South Africa. 4. Convinced of the truth of the reports, he told his colleagues about it.,总体上，作状语的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是句子的主语；作宾补的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是宾语；作定语的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是被修饰词。,A.to take B. ta
11、king C. to be taken D. taken,D,B,Everything,they,1._ everything into consideration,they ought to have another chance.,2.Everything _ into consideration,they ought to have another chance.,（三）分析语态,分析语态就是在确定逻辑主语之后，分析非谓语动词 和逻辑主语在搭配使用时是主动还是被动关系。,“You cant catch me !” Jane shouted, _ away.A. run B. runnin
12、g C.to run D. ran 2. _ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police.A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing,Jane,the two students,（四）分析时态,1. The building _now will be a restaurant .,2. The building _ next year will be a restaurant .,3. The building _las
13、t year is a restaurant.,having been built B.to be built C.being built D. built,_,C,_,B,_,D,二. 找逻辑主语,三、分析语态,四、分析时态,一. 辨别“谓与非谓”,四. 非谓语动词解题步骤,方法总结： 谓非谓，找主语，析语态，定时态,back,1.(2013，浙江卷) _how others react to the book you have just read creates an added pleasure.A.Hearing B.Hear C.Having heard D. To be heari
14、ng2.（2013，重庆卷）The engine just wont start. Something seems _ wrong with it. A. to go B. to have gone C. going D. having gone3.（2013，上海卷）Young people may risk _ deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day. to go B. to have gone C. going D. having gone,4.（2013，天津卷） In some languages, 100 words make up half of all words _ in daily conversations. A.using B.to use C.having used D.used5.(2013,安徽卷)When we saw the road_ with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home. A. block B. to block C. blocking D. blocked,
