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1、高考单项选择题 命题思路例析,一、语境设题,1. 利用中西文化差异设题中西文化不同，英语、汉语两种语言表达方式也存在着很大差异，命题者在备选项中经常会设计貌似正确的“汉语式”的选项，利用母语干扰来设题。,Excuse me, do you have the time? _.A. Yes, I do.B. Of course, I have.C. A quarter to ten.D. No problem.,C,2. 隐藏有效信息设题近年来常采用对话形式将语言知识置于一定的情景和语境中进行考查，一些题目的有效信息更加隐蔽，如确定时间状语、比较对象等。,Has your father retur
2、ned from Africa yet?Yes, but he _ here for only three days before his company sent him to Australia.A. was B. has beenC. will be D. would be,A,二、利用思维定势设题,命题人常利用考生熟悉的句型结构或者一些固定搭配设题。,Eg1. The country life he was used to _ greatly since 1992.A. change B. has changedC. changing D. have changed,B,eg2. A
3、poet and artist _ coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon.A. is B. areC. was D. were,A,三、省略设题,省略句常见的有状语从句的省略，简单句中主语、谓语的省略，不定式的省略，虚拟语气中主语的省略等。省略句会干扰我们对句子结构的判断，命题人常利用这一点设题。,Eg. We all know that, _, the situation will get worse. A. not if dealt carefully withB. if
4、 not carefully dealt withC. if dealt not carefully withD. not if carefully dealt with,B,Eg. - I was wondering if we could go skating on the weekend.- _ good.A. Sound B. SoundedC. Sounding D. Sounds,D,四、增加冗余信息设题,有时本来很简单的句子，命题者通过增加插入语、定语从句、标点符号等增加句子的复杂程度，给同学们的理解带来困难，达到设题目的。,Eg. A survey of the opinion
5、s of experts _ that three hours of outdoor exercises a week _ good for ones health.A. show; are B. shows; isC. show; is D. shows; are,B,五、变换句式设题,命题者往往把陈述句句式变为疑问句、被动句、感叹句、倒装句，造成某种搭配的假象，从而达到设题目的。,eg. You cant imagine what difficulty we had _ home in the snowstorm.A. walked B. walkC. to walk D. walking
6、,D,六、打破句子的正常结构设题,命题者常通过改变句子的正常结构，将句子的一部分前置或后置设题。比如，定语从句或名词性从句一般都放在所修饰的词之后，命题者用其它成分把从句与所修饰的词分隔开设题。,eg1. A story goes _ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.A. when B. where C. what D. thateg2. Anyway, that evening, _ Ill tell you mo
7、re about later, I ended up staying at Rachels place.A. when B. where C. what D. which,D,D,七、用相似句型设题,命题者利用相似句型或结构，增加试题的迷惑性，达到设题目的。,eg1. Pop music is such an important part of society _ it has even influenced our language.as B. that C. which D. where,B,eg2. He was told that it would be at least three
8、more months _ he could recover and return to work.A. when B. before C. since D. that,B,八、用一词多义设题,eg. - My room gets very cold at night.- _.A. So is mine B. So mine isC. So does mine D. So mine does,C,eg. As soon as he comes back, Ill tell him when _ and see him.A. you will come B. will you comeC. yo
9、u come D. do you come,A,九、用复杂题干设题,命题者常把各种简单句变为复合句， 或利用强调句使句子结构复杂化等 手段设题。,eg. It _ we had stayed together for a couple of weeks _ I found we had a lot in common.A. was until; when B. was until; thatC. wasnt until; when D. wasnt until; that,D,eg2. Having checked the doors were closed, and _ all the li
10、ghts were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom.A. why B. that C. when D. where,B,单项填空创新题 解法小结,一、增元创新,高考英语单项填空题往往在语言的关键处增加插入语、介词、副词、定语从句、名词、代词等内容，使原本浑然一体的语境被人为分开，解题难度明显加大。面对被人为增加的内容，可用消元法将其删除，还语言以本来面目。,eg. - Is that the small town you often refer to？- Right, just the one _ you know I used to w
11、ork for years.A. that B. whichC. where D. what,C,二、减元创新,时间/条件状语从句的主从句主语一致，或从句主语为it，谓语有be时， 常将主语和be省略。In case引导目的状语从句时，在有上下文的情况下，常省略从句内容。解题时，同学们可将被省略的内容补全。,eg. When first _ to the market, these products enjoyed great success.A. introducing B. introduced C. introduceD. being introduced,B,三、前置创新,高考英语单项
12、填空题还常常根据需要将介词、宾语、表语、不定式目的状语等内容前置，从而达到创新目的。解题时可将被前置的内容还原。,eg. _ the employees working efficiency, the supervisor will allow them to have a coffee break.A. ImprovingB. To improveC. Having improved D. improved,B,四、后置创新,同位语从句连词通常应放在先行词后面，但高考创设语境将其后置，只要将其还原至正常位置，就很容易理解。,eg. Danby left word with my secret
13、ary _ he would call again in the afternoon.A. who B. thatC. as D. which,B,拜见校长大人 官名。秦、汉下级军官。校为军事编制单位名，校长当取校中之长意，但非校的最高指挥官，后者为校尉。续汉书百官志二谓每一陵园设令一人，下有丞及校长大人各一人，校长主兵戎盗贼事。则校长为陵园卫兵之队官。2、秦亭长所属人员有校长，见出土云梦秦简封诊式，与“求盗”并列。3、汉代守卫皇帝陵园的官名。 ； http:/ 拜见校长大人 kfh74ndg 校长大人的职责在各个国家也有所不同。如美国和日本的学校校长，除对外代表学校、对内负责全校工作外，大多
14、不直接担负教学任务。而苏联则强调拜见校长大人除领导和管理学校外，还要直接从事教学、教育工作，如兼课等。事儿了。”“你这奴才，就你猴精，爷让你起来了吗？”“是，是，奴才这不是怕爷渴了，给爷端茶去嘛。”第壹卷 第二十五章 回访年夫人不得不佩服凝儿的神机妙算，此刻正不由得又壹遍在心中赞叹起她那聪明、懂事的乖女儿来。正想着呢，大管家年峰进来禀报：雍亲王府递来了帖子，王爷要拜访年府！凝儿怎么算得这么准！果然是前面先打三棍子，后面就给几个大甜枣儿！王爷亲自登门，这是多大的荣耀！看着王府的帖子，不管是年总督，还是大爷二爷，都再次清楚地认识到：壹朝天子壹朝臣，既然已经划到了雍亲王的门下，既然随着二少奶奶的过世
15、，与明珠壹家断了姻亲关系，既然八贝勒爷已经被皇上弃之不用，那么忠心耿耿地做好壹个门人，为王爷效力卖命，是摆在年家面前的现实问题。对于年家的两次拜访，王爷已经牢牢地把握了主动权，彻彻底底地处于了上风。他也是见好就收的人，毕竟威逼只是手段，拉拢才是目的，不管真的假的，至少表面上，年家算是表明了立场，他是壹个赏罚分明的人，现在打也打过了，吓也吓过了，总归还得喂点儿甜头，恩威并施，不怕这帮奴才不死心踏地。为此，他决定亲临年府表明自己的姿态：如果你对本王忠心耿耿，万死不辞，本王自会加倍对你好。但是，如果你敢朝秦暮楚，就休怪本王不客气，决不会姑息手软！虽然话是这么说，但年家毕竟官高位重，也是他未来需要倚靠
16、的朝中重要势力，该敲打的已经敲打了，现在是需要施行怀柔政策，该拉拢的时候，壹定要及时拉拢。此时，厅堂外，自然是年总督和大爷二爷负责接待，年夫人和玉盈在后面指挥着下人们紧张地忙碌着。于是就见年府中壹个有趣的样子：壹进院，安安静静，宾主尽欢地品茗寒暄、谈天说地； 二进院，静情悄悄，年夫人和玉盈丫鬟坐镇厅堂，运筹帷幄、有条不紊地对管家发号施令；三进院，因为连着下人房和厨房，壹派热闹非凡的景象：端盘子的，端茶的，端酒水的，端手巾的，男的，女的，似是将这院子踏破壹般。而四进院，竟如往常壹样安谧沉静。因为家中宴客，冰凝独自在房中用了晚膳，壹个人闲闲地看了会子书，又写了会子字儿，可是客人还没有走，实在无聊，就拿出琴来。弹壹首什么呢？在这春风沉醉的夜晚，望着皎洁的月光，没有什么比春江花月夜更应景的了。想着想着，壹曲委婉动听的春江花月夜从指间流动而出，在静寂的春夜中，犹如天籁之声，缓缓地流淌着，流淌在冰凝的心间。这美妙的琴音，此刻也缓缓地流淌在了王爷的心间。此时此刻的年府中，能弹得壹手如此好琴的人，估计全府上下，也只有年丫鬟壹人吧。毕竟，男人们都在这里陪着他，年夫人不太可能有此等雅兴。壹想到这里，再听着这委婉动听的曲调，王爷,
