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1、1四川洪雅县四川洪雅县 20172017 高考英语一轮阅读理解训练（二）高考英语一轮阅读理解训练（二）阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C 和 D) 中, 选出最佳选项。US researchers have found traces of an ancient lake on Mars recently，increasing hopes of discovering evidence that billions of years ago the Red planet hosted life.The lake，which dates back some 3.4 billion
2、 years，appears to have covered as much as 80 square miles and was up to 1,500 feet deep，said the team from the University of Colorado.“This is the first clear evidence of shorelines on the surface of Mars， ”said Boulder s research associate，Gaetano Di Achille，in a study published in the latest editi
3、on of Geophysical Rese arch Letters.“The identification of the shorelines and accompanying geological evidence allows us to calculate the size and volume of the lake，which appears to have formed about 3.4 billion years ago.”Analysis of the images has shown the water carved out the canyon(溪谷)in which
4、 it was found，which then opened out into a valley depositing(使淤积)sediment(沉积)which formed a delta(三角洲)“Finding shorelines is a great discovery to us， ”said assistant professor Brian Hynek，adding it showed the lake existed at a time when Mars was thought to have been cold and dry.Scientists believe t
5、he oldest surfaces on Mars formed during the wet and warm era known as the Noachan epoch，about 4.1 billion to 3.7 billion years ago.The newly discovered lake is believed to date from the Hesperian era and postdates the end of the warm and wet period on Mars by 300 million years，according to the stud
6、y.Scientists believe deltas next to the lake may well hold secrets about past life on Mars as such places on Earth have become the natural deposits of organic carbon and other markers of life.1. The size of the lake found on Mars is_.A80 square milesB1,500 square milesC3.4 billion square milesD300 m
7、illion square miles答案：A 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The lake，which dates back some 3.4 billion years，appears to have covered as much as 80 square miles”一句，可推知答案。2. When the lake existed，the weather on Mars was _.Ahot and wet Bwet and warmCcold and dry Dcold and wet答案：C 细节理解题。根据第六段中it showed the lake existed at a t
8、ime when Mars was thought to have been cold and dry 知，答案为 C。23. Why do scientists think deltas near the lake may hold secrets about past life on Mars?A. Because similar places on Earth have become natural deposits of markers of life.BBecause someone has put secrets about past life on Mars there.CBec
9、ause past life has been found in other deltas on Mars.DBecause some people are said to have already seen life marks there.答案：A 细节理解题。由原文最后一句可直接找到答案。4. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? AThe Noachan epoch was a wet and warm era.BThe lake might have existed 3 .4 b
10、illion years.CThe discovery can t fully prove that the Mars once hosted life.DThe lake traces prove that there exists life on Mars now.答案：D 推理判断题。由第一段内容可知火星上湖岸线的发现只是增加了人们发现亿万年前火星上曾经存在生命证据的可能性，但并不能推出火星上现在有生命。科普知识（阅读理解）由 (2013 江苏,C)改编If a diver surfaces too quickly,he may suffer the bends.Nitrogen(氮)
11、dissolved(溶解) in his blood is suddenly liberated by the reduction of pressure.The consequence,if the bubbles(气泡)accumulate in a joint,is sharp pain and a bent bodythus the name.If the bubbles form in his lungs or his brain,the consequence can be death.Other air-breathing animals also suffer this dec
12、ompression(减压) sickness if they surface too fast: whales,for example.And so,long ago,did ichthyosaurs.That these ancient sea animals got the bends can be seen from their bones.If bubbles of nitrogen form inside the bone they can cut off its blood supply.This kills the cells in the bone,and consequen
13、tly weakens it,sometimes to the point of collapse.Fossil(化石)bones that have caved in on themselves are thus a sign that the animal once had the bends.Bruce Rothschild of the University of Kansas knew all this when he began a study of ichthyosaur bones to find out how widespread the problem was in th
14、e past.What he particularly wanted to investigate was how ichthyosaurs adapted to the problem of 3decompression over the 150 million years.To this end,he and his colleagues traveled the worlds natural-history museums,looking at hundreds of ichthyosaurs from the Triassic period and from the later Jur
15、assic and Cretaceous periods.When he started,he assumed that signs of the bends would be rarer in younger fossils,reflecting their gradual evolution of measures to deal with decompression.Instead,he was astonished to discover the opposite.More than 15% of Jurassic and Cretaceous ichthyosaurs had suf
16、fered the bends before they died,but not a single Triassic specimen(标本) showed evidence of that sort of injury.If ichthyosaurs did evolve an anti-decompression means,they clearly did so quicklyand,most strangely,they lost it afterwards.But that is not what Dr Rothschild thinks happened.He suspects it was evolution in other animals that caused the change.Whales that suffer the bends often do so because they have surfaced to escape a predator(捕食动物) such as a
