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1、Chapter9 Made by:税华梅，肖青,李亚纯，汤凤America Between 1600-1900 I. America in the Colonial Era II. The American War of Independence III. The American Civil WarI. America in the Colonial Era Pre-Columbian period(前哥伦比 亚时期) Colonial Period(殖民地时期，late 15th to 18th century)Word bankthe Bering Strait 白令海峡 Caribbe
2、an 加勒比海 Christopher Columbus 克里斯多夫.哥伦 布 Amerigo Vespucci 亚美利哥.维斯普 奇 Jamestown 詹姆斯敦 Plymouth 普利茅斯 defray 支付，支出 resent 怨恨，愤恨 quartering 为提供食宿 slogan 口号，标语Pre-colonial periodIndians: The “first Americans”Indians In ancient times ,the Bering Strait was tied together ,it was possible for the Indians to w
3、alk from Asia to Alaska about 12,000 years ago. America IndianThe Discovery of the New WorldChristopher Columbus reached America On Oct. 12, 1492哥伦布首次登上美洲的地点，共有三种意见：华特林岛说，萨马纳 岛说，凯科斯岛（巴哈马群岛的一部分）说。 The new continent In 1492, Columbus landed at one of the Caribbean islands. Columbus believed that he ha
4、d reached India and called the native people Indians. Amerigo Vespucci discovered the continent of South America, the continent was named after him.colonial period In 1607 the English established their first colony in America, at Jamestown, Virginia.Virginia is named in honor of Queen Elizabeth, the
5、 Virgin Queen. Jamestown was named for the ruler, King James. The Founding of the 13 Colonies After the British founded the first colony in America in 1607 The Pilgrims ,in 1620, sailed by a ship called Mayflower and arrived at Plymouth Massachusetts. Between 1607 and 1733 the British established 13
6、 colonies along the east coast of North America. The 13 colonies Delaware 特拉华 Pennsylvania 宾夕 法尼亚 New Jersey 新泽西 州 Georgia 乔治亚 Connecticut康涅狄 格 Massachusetts 麻 萨诸塞 Maryland 马里兰 South Carolina 南 卡罗来纳 New Hampshire 新 罕布什尔 Virginia 弗吉尼亚 New York 纽约 North Carolina 北 卡罗来纳 Rhode Island 罗德 岛The conflict be
7、tween England and its colonies The England Imposed new taxes to defray the cost of the Seven Years War. Expected Americans to lodge British soldiers in their homes . The colonists Resented the taxes and resisted the quartering of soldiers.colonists slogan “No taxation without representation”无代表权拒绝交税
8、。 早在殖民地时期，同样是英王臣民的美洲居民在伦敦 的议会里就没有正式代表。既然没有议会代表权殖民 地人民就就绝绝向英国交税。 PS：Colonists are resist to pay taxes which become an important cause of independence war.殖民地人民拒绝交印花税、茶叶进口税是独立战争的 重要原因。 back Points of American War of IndependenceBoston Tea Party 波士顿倾茶事件 Shots in Lexington 列克星顿枪声 George Washington 乔治 华盛
9、顿 Declaration of Independence 独立宣言 A great victory at Saratoga 萨拉托加大捷 Yorktown campaign 约克镇战役 Treaty of Paris 巴黎条约 Boston Tea Party 波士顿倾茶事件（1773年 ）由于与法国进行战争的需要，英国又 对在北美经销的茶叶课以重税，引起了北 美人民的强烈反抗。他们组织了许多秘密 社团，希望冲破东印度公司的垄断，从中 国直接进口茶叶，其中以“波士顿茶叶党” 最为著名。1773年12月16日，化装成印第 安人的“波士顿茶叶党”成员秘密登上了东 印度公司的茶叶货船，将成箱的茶叶
10、倾倒 入海中，这就是著名的“波士顿倾茶事件” 。这一事件最终成为北美殖民地人民起义 反英的导火线。 Shots in Lexington 来克星顿枪声（1775年4月） The First Shot of LexingtonEstablish the army 建军（1775年）When? in mid-1775 Where? in Philadelphia （费城）the Continental Congress Who? patriot representatives ofthe 13 colonies of America What? appointed George Washingto
11、nas commander in chief of the Continental Army The introduce of George Washington乔治华盛顿（George Washington， 1732年2月22日 - 1799年12月14日） 美国第一任总统，被尊称为美国国父， 1793年连任，在两届任期结束后， 他自愿放弃权力不再续任，隐退于弗 农山庄园。华盛顿学者们则将他和 亚伯拉罕林肯并列为美国历史上 最伟大的总统。 Form a state 建国 （ 1776年7月4日）The Declaration of Independence(July4,1776)Annou
12、ncing the birth of the United StatesThe content of the Declaration of Independence Five chapters 1 Foreword 2 Preface 3 Accused King George III 4 Denounce British 5 ConclusionThe Declaration of Independence We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowe
13、d（赋予） by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness. 我们认为下面这些真理是不言而喻的：人人生而平等， 造物者赋予他们若干不可剥夺的权利，其中包括生命权 、自由权和追求幸福的权利。 That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of
14、the governed. 为了保障这些权利，人类才在他们之间建立政府，而政 府之正当权力，是经被治理者的同意而产生的。The Declaration of Independence and accordingly all experience has shown, that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable, than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same Object, evinces a design to reduce them under absolute Despotism, it is their right, it
