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1、Unit 5. Motivation or unhealthy experience (competition)Pre-reading questions:lToday, we live in an increasingly competitive world. Competition takes place in every arena of our life-in our study, in our life, and even in our leisure activities.lFor some of us, we may even use whatever means we can
2、think of to achieve our aims.lBut have we ever thought of for what purposes we compete against each other, and whether competition is good for us?Competition or cooperation, that is a question!Economy and politicsCooperation and Openness for Mutual Benefit and Win-Win Progress At the BRIC Summit Bra
3、silia, 16 April 2010 Debate l1. Are you for or against competition? Why?lFor:lAgainst:l2. What effects does competition have on us and our society? Can you think of any example?lPositive effects:lNegative effects:3. What effects does competition have on children?lPositive effects:lCompetition can he
4、lp children develop healthy attitudes about winning and losing;lCompetition can encourage growth and push a child to excel;lChildren benefit from competition as they learn about their ablities and limitations.l3. What effects does competition have on children?lNegative effects:lCompetition can harm
5、a child if it causes physical or emotional injury, or both;lCompetition lowers the need to take care of others;lCompetition causes hostility, aggression, or makes a child unpopular;lCompetition is done just for parents benefit or vainglory.lReading One:lCheck your comprehension A:lCheck each of the
6、questions with the information from the text P104Check your comprehension B:l1. Competition plays such an important role in our culture that it is common to see even adults shouting and swearing on Sunday afternoons (when watching baseball games). This is ridiculous and I feel bad about it.l2. From
7、my own experience, I dont think that we can develop deep and full relationships by trying to compete and win against a common enemy.l3. If my success means that I have to do better than others, I dont think Ill ever have real satisfaction because I have to keep thinking of how to outdo others, which
8、 is very unpleasant and exhausting.l4. Even when I reach the top position, I will not feel safe as all those below me will be waiting to outdo me and try to grab the position from me.l5. I start to see that my confidence in my personal value and worth is dependent on how much better I am than so man
9、y others in so many activities.l6. Only when we begin to realize that there is no such a thing as healthy competition can we begin to live more normal and richer lives.Check your vocabulary A:l outcome: resultl team spirit: enthusiasm about working in a teaml resolve: solve a difficultyl in (the) li
10、ght of: taking into consideration what is known, or what has been just said or found outl in ones stead: in the position or role of sb or sth elsel self-esteem: self-respectCheck your vocabulary B:l contradictionl exclusivel conditional: dependent onl outweigh: be more important/valuable thanl incal
11、culable: damage/ consequencesl induce: causel treadmill: monotonous/ tedious/ plodding workl unjustifiable: unreasonable l hysteria: abnormal excitementl outweigh: Summary lWhat is a summary? It is a fairly brief restatement- IN YOUR OWN WORDS-of the contents of a passage. lStrictly speaking, you si
12、mply report back what the other writer has said. It is not your job to make value judgments about the “rightness“ or “wrongness“ of what (s)he says. That would be a different kind of paper-a summary-response, a critique, or a position paper. lWhile it is hard to give concrete guidelines for length,
13、many good summaries are about 1/4 to 1/3 the length of the original. What are the steps in writing a summary? lI. Read through the whole piece-carefully. Annotate (underline, highlight, asterisk, star, flag things; comment in the margins) as you read. lII. When you finish, look back for 1-2 sentence
14、s that state the authors main point. Write it/them down or place some special annotation in the margin of your book. This is the articles thesis statement. While it may appear early in the essay-the first paragraph or two (as you are taught to locate yours), it may not, in fact, be stated until the
15、end of the piece (almost as if it were a conclusion). lIII. Reread the selection, dividing it into sections of thought. Each section may be one paragraph, but, more likely, each section will incorporate several paragraphs. lIV. Write a sentence or two summarizing each section of thought. If you have
16、 trouble doing this, you might try writing a summary sentence for each paragraph and then revising where you see yourself repeating ideas. lV. Write a first draft of your summary, including the following items: lA. In the first sentence or two- l 1. the authors name. l 2. the articles or chapters name (perhaps even the magazines or books name in which the article or chapter appeared)
