《组织行为学foundation of group behavior》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《组织行为学foundation of group behavior（50页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、Class 7.Foundation of Group Behavior7.1 Defining appears in response to the need for social contract Interest group- Those working together to attain a specific objective with which each is concerned Friendship group-Those brought together because they share one or more common characteristicClass 7.
2、 Foundation of Group Behavior7.2 Stages of Group development1. The 5-Stage Model From the mid-1960s Forming-characterized by much uncertainty Storming-intragroup conflict Norming-close relationship ignores organizational setting2.The Punctuated-Equlibrium M Studies of more than a dozen,group dont de
3、velop in a universal sequence The timing of when groups form (2) the 1st phase of group activity is one of inertia; (3) a transition takes place at the end of the 1st phase when the group has used up half its allotted time; (4) the transition initiates major changes; (5)a 2nd phase of inertia follow
4、s the transition;(6)the groups last meeting is characterized by markedly accelerated activity Class 7. Foundation of Group Behavior7.3 Sociometry An analytical technique for group interaction- -find out who people like or dislike appearance factors(dress,loyalty) the “how” (2)critic events in the hi
5、story; (3)primacy; (4)carry-over behavior from past situation. Importance. (!)facilitating its survival;(2)increasing the predictability of the behavior; (3)reduces embarrassing interpersonal problems;(4)central value expressing acquired by such characteristic as education,age,gender,skill, groups m
6、ade up of 5-7 members do a good job of exercising the best elements of both small complex-close attention6.Group task size-performance relationship moderated by task requirement The impact of group processes on the performance 2. diversity of views;3.acceptance of a solution;4.legitimacy disadvantag
7、es of groups:1.time consuming; 2.pressures to conform;3.domination by the few; 4.ambiguous responsibility effectiveness speed- individuals are superior; creativity; acceptance2.Groupthink can be either toward conservatism or greater risk3.Group D-M Techniques Interacting groups-typical groups,where
8、members interact with each other face-to-face Brainstorming nominal group technique Delphi technique E-meetingClass 7. Foundation of Group Behavior7.Cohesive work group1.Determinants of cohesiveness Time spent together severity of initiation group size gender of member external threats previous succ
9、esses2.Effects on productivity Cohesiveness,performance norms (high,high),high; (high,low),low; (low,high),moderate; (low,low), moderate to low;Class 8.Work Team8.1 Teams vs. Groups how do we explain the current popularity of teams? outperforming individuals when the tasks require multiple skill, ju
10、dgement, experience(better utilize employee talents); facilitating employee participation in D-M, motivational property. 1.Definitions Work Group-interacting primarily to share information Dont share responsibility for each others results Team-Group whose individual efforts result in a performance t
11、hat is greater than the sum of those individual inputs. -working interdependently Competence-Technical Consistency-Reliability,predictability, Loyalty-Willingness to protect Openness-share ideas freely How to build trust: Demonstrate youre working for others interest as well as your own; Be a team p
12、layer; Practice openness; Be fair; Speak your feelings; Show consistency in the basic values that guide your D-M; Maintain confidence; Demonstrate competence 8.4 Create team player Design job around team Challenge: 1.Inherent resistance-individual achievers; 2. Individualistic national culture;3.An
13、individual-valued organizational history Shaping team players: Selection-job candidate with team skills, otherwise training,transference to other unit, reject Training-workshop to help improve skills like P- S, communication,negotiation,conflict M,coaching Reward-encourage cooperative efforts rather
14、 than competitive ones; intrinsic rewards from team 8.5 Contemporary Issues TQM: the use of team-the essence of process improvement,employee involvement, natural vehicle Work force diversity on team Advantages:Multiple perspective;Greater openness to new ideas; Multiple interpretations; Increased cr
15、eativity, flexibility, P-S skills. Disadvantages:Ambiguity;Complexity;Confusion;Miscom munication;Difficulty in reaching a agreement,agreeing on specific actions Reinvigorating Mature Teams:1. stagnant, apathy, complacency,groupthinking; 2.success due to easy task 3.mental preparation, refresher training, advanced training, c
