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1、社会创新与社会组织发展 Social Innovation and Development of NGOs王 名 Wang Ming2008.12.4要 点 Outlinep 社会改革和社会创新面临的问题p The problems faced by social reform and social innovationp 社会组织的发展过程和发展趋势p The development history and trend of NGOs社会改革和社会创新面临的问题 The problems faced by social reform and social innovation 社会改革的必然
2、性 Inevitability of social reform 社会创新的基本命题 Basic propositions of social innovation 社会改革和社会创新面临的难题 Difficulties in social reform and social innovation1.1 社会改革的必然性Inevitability of Social Reform社会改革 Social reformPolitical reformEconomic reform社会改革 Social reform1.2 社会创新的基本命题 Basic Propositions of Social
3、 Innovation 单位体制瓦解 Disintegration of organization system 事业单位改革 Reform of public institutions 社会团体改革 Reform of social organizations 人民团体改革 Reform of peoples groups 后门关系失灵 Failure of backdoor practices 社会诚信丧失 Loss of social creditability 社会重组 Social reconstruction 社会组织发育 Development of NGOs 社区建设 Comm
4、unity building 公民参与 Citizens participation Abolish the oldEstablish the newAbolish the old system of social governanceAbolish the old mode of social organizationAbolish the old form of social capitalAdapt to the development of market economyAdapt to the orientation of political reformAdapt to the ne
5、eds of civil society1.3 社会改革和社会创新面临的难题 Difficulties in Social Reform and Innovation旧体制已适应市场经济 The old system has already adapted to the market economy适应市场经济的旧体制处于寡头垄断地位 The old system that has adapted to the market economy holds an oligarchic position旧而不破 It is old but hard to be abolished; 新而不立 It
6、is new but hard to be established; 新溶于旧 The new then mixes with the old; 新而无创 Hence no innovation is madeDifficulties in abolishing the oldDifficulties in establishing the newDifficulties in innovation社会组织的发展过程和发展趋势 Development Process and Trend of NGOsl l社会组织的界定与公民社会的含义社会组织的界定与公民社会的含义 The definitio
7、nThe definition of NGO and meanings of civil society of NGO and meanings of civil societyl l中国社会组织的发展历程中国社会组织的发展历程l lThe development history of Chinese NGOsThe development history of Chinese NGOsl l中国民间组织发育和发展的社会基础中国民间组织发育和发展的社会基础l lThe social basis for the growth and development of The social basis
8、 for the growth and development of Chinese NGOsChinese NGOsl l中国走向公民社会的发展道路中国走向公民社会的发展道路l lThe development path of China toward civil societyThe development path of China toward civil society一.社会组织的界定与公民社会的含义 1. The definition of NGO and Meanings of Civil Societyl 社会组织定义l The definition of NGOl 社会组织
9、概念图示l Illustration of the concept of NGOl 社会组织基本属性l Basic properties of NGOl 社会组织一般分类l General classification of NGO l 公民社会含义l Meanings of civil society社会组织定义 The Definition of NGOl概称在社会转型过程中由各个不同社会阶层的公民自发成立的 、在一定程度上具有非营利性、非政府性和社会性特征的各种 组织形式及其网络形态。这些组织中通常包括各种冠以“学会 ”、“研究会”、“协会”、“商会”、“促进会”、“联合 会”等名称的会
10、员制组织，以及包括基金会和各种民办学校、 民办医院、民办社会福利设施等各类公益服务实体在内的非会 员制组织。lNGO refers to various organization forms and their networks which are established by various social classes and are non- profit, non-governmental and social to some extent. They include the membership organizations which are titled society, acad
11、emy, association, chamber of commerce, promotion council or federation and non-membership organizations such as foundations, private schools, private hospitals and private social welfare facilities, etc. 社会组织概念图示 Illustration of the Concept of NGOStateMarketSocietyNGO in the broad sense 1 Including:
12、 l Grassroots community organizations l Rural professional cooperatives l Registered NPCs l Foreign NGCs in ChinaNGO in the broad sense 2 Including: l peoples groups l public institutionsNGO in the broad sense 3 Including: l Social EnterprisesNGO in the narrow sense Including: l social groups lFound
13、ations lPrivate non-enterprise organizations lChamber of commerce社会组织基本属性 Basic Properties of NGOl非营利性 Non-profitl不分配约束：不得从财产及运作中获得利益；lNon-distribution: obtaining no benefit from assets and operation;l非牟利控制：具备有效规避较高风险与较高回报的自我控制机制；lNon-profit: having self-regulatory mechanism which can avoid relative
14、ly high risks and gain relatively high returns effectively;l财产保全限制：不得以捐赠以外的其它方式变更财产及其产权结构。lAsset preservation: prohibited from modifying the assets and ownership structure by other means than donation.l非政府性 Non-governmentall自主、自治和独立性，是自主决策、自治管理的独立实体；lSelf-determined, self-governed and independent: t
15、hey are independent entities enjoying independent decision-making power and autonomous governance. l民主、公开和社会性，是民主治理、公开透明的开放组织；lDemocracy, openness and sociality: they are open, transparent and democratically governed organizations.l非垄断的市场竞争性，是追求核心竞争力、在市场中优胜劣汰的实力组织。lNon-monopolistic market competitiv
16、eness: they are organizations pursuing core competitiveness and subject to the market rule of “survival of the best”. l社会性 Socialityl资源的社会性，资源主要来自社会，包括募捐、接受捐赠、申请资助、收取会费等社会资源，以及志愿者等人力资源；lSociality of resources: their resources, including such human resources as volunteers, derive mainly from society by way of soliciting donations, accepting donations, applying for funding, collecting membership fees, etc. l产出的社会性，提供的产品或
