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1、Adverbial Clause状语从句状语从句考查特点能力要求用法归纳时间状语从句条件状语从句原因状语从句结果状语从句 让步状语从句 地点状语从句方式状语从句 目的状语从句 比较状语从句一 状语从句高考的考查特点1. 试题的设问呈现出交叉和综合的特点(不同性质的连词; 定语从句和名词性从句的干扰)2. 题干句的情景化增强,句意理解难度提高二能力要求：1.了解状语从句的分类情况及各种状语从句中经常使用的连词 2.能够在真实的语境中判定从句与主句的逻辑关系,从而能够使用恰当的连词完成交际. 3.能够辨别同类状语从句中近似连词的用法区别.三 状语从句的定义、功能、分类定义：在复合句中作状语的从句功
2、能：状语从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中 的动词，形容词或副词，或整个主句分类：按意义可分为时间、地点、原因、目的 、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等状语从句 。从句的位置放在句首，也可放在句末。放在 句首时，从句后面常用一个逗号，放在句末时 ，从句前一般不用逗号。一.时间状语从句引导时间状语从句的从属连词 1.基本类：before、after、when、while、as、 since、till、until、once, as soon as, etc.It will be two months before he comes back.It is two years since he smoked.
3、2. 名词类（由名词词组充当引导词）：the moment ,the minute, the second, the instant,etc. ( 一就); every time, each time, the last time, the first time, etc.Ill tell him the minute (that) he gets here.I started the very moment I got your letter.3. 副词类（由副词充当引导词）：immediately, directly, instantly, etc. (一.就.)4.句型类：no soon
4、erthan, hardly/scarcely/rarely when/before, etc. (一就)e.g. I will give you an answer immediately I finish my work. The machine will start instantly you press the button.e.g She had no sooner heard the news than she fainted.No sooner had she heard the news than she fainted.Scarcely had he gone when sh
5、e appeared.注意:用于句首时应引起部分倒装, 且前部分一般 用过去完成时2 when / while/ asWhen 既可指某一时间点,也可指一段时间; 引导的从句中 非延续性动作、延续性动作均可。while指“在某一段时间里”，“在期间”，引导的动作必须是 持续性的; as强调主句和从句的动作同时发生。,翻译成”一边一边 ” When he returned, his wife was cooking. While he was reading, his wife was cooking. As he was reading, he was listening to the rad
6、io.注意:when / while都可以做并列连词,连接并列句,when表示 “就在这时”和 “was doing”, “had just done”和 “was about to do”连用；还可表示“既然；虽然”; while则表示对比“而”; 句首“尽管”；条件“只要”；“趁着” 2. till, until和notuntil小结： 1.until/till引导时间状语从句用于肯定句时，主句的动 词是延续性动词，表示动作或状态一直持续到until/till 所表示的时间，意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停 止”。如： We waited until he came. 2用于否定句时，主
7、句谓语动词是非延续性动词，从 句为肯定，意为“某动作直到某时间才开始”。如： He wont go to bed till/until she returns. 3till不可以置于句首，而until可以。如： Until you told me I had no idea of it. 4notuntil句型中的强调和倒装说法： It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it. Not until you told me did I have any idea of it.3. 连接词before的小结： 一、含义 1. 1 We
8、 had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land. 2 We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired. 3 Please write it down before you forget it. 4Before I could get in a word, he had measured me. “才” “不到就” “趁” “还没来得及” 二Before从句中谓语不用否定式。如：Before they reached the station, the train had gone. 三、句型(1)
9、. It will be + 时间段 +before 要过多久才 (2). It will not be + 时间段 + before 不久就(3). It was + 时间段 + before . 过了多久才eg. It will not be long before we leave school . 5 sinceIt is/ has been +一段时间since 从 句(did)It is 10 years since I smoked.(=I gave up smoking/dropped smoking)自从我不抽烟已有10年了 .延续性动词:反过来翻译 短暂性动词:直译二.条件
10、状语从句1. 引导词: if, unless, as long as (=so long as) , in case(that) ,onconditionthat,provided/providingthat,ifonly/onl yif,supposing/suppose,granted,granting, given,assuming etc.Ive waited here for about half an hour._I myself could drive a car!A.Only if B.If only C.If D.OnlyMost animals have little co
11、nnection with animals of a different kind,_they hunt them for food. A.If B.while C.unless D.as 2. 非真实条件句中应用虚拟语气Eg. If you _（接受）your teachers advice, you wouldnt have failed the exam.3. 真实条件句中的时态:e.g. If it _（下雨）tomorrow, I will not go out.had takenrains在条件状语从句和结果状语从句中,表示与事实相反的条件和结果。 1) 与现在事实相反： If 从
12、句 , 主句 +V原 2)与过去事实相反： If 从句had Ved ,主句 +have Ved 3)与将来事实相反： If 从句 , 主句 +V原were V-ed(would could, might)(would could, might) did should were to(would could, might)1、表示与现在事实相反的假设和结果eg.If I were you ,I would go at once.我是你的话，我会马上走。eg.If my brother were here, everything would be all right.要是我哥在这儿，一切都没问题
13、了。2.表示与过去事实相反的假设或结果eg.If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would/could/might have met the famous singer. 如果你早来几分钟的话，你就会 （可能会）见到那个著名歌唱家。eg.If I had had the money last week, I would/could/might have bought a car.如果 我上星期有了这笔钱，我就会（可能）买1 辆车。3、表示与将来事实可能相反的假设和结果eg.If it were sunny tomorrow, I would c
14、ome to see you. 明天要是天气好的话，我来看你 。If it should rain, the crops would be saved.假如天下雨，庄稼就一定（有可能）得救。If it were to snow this evening, they would not go out .如果今晚下雪，他们将不出去了。unless unless 与与if not if not 的用法的用法：If you dont start at once, you will miss the train.If you dont start at once, you will miss the t
15、rain.Unless you start at once, you will miss the train. Unless you start at once, you will miss the train.unless unless 在意义上相当于在意义上相当于if not if not 常可以换用常可以换用 In case he comes, let me know. You can go out, as / so long as you promise to be back before eleven. I will come again tomorrow provided (that) I have time. (= if) Supposing (that) it rains tomorrow, what shall we do? (= if) Unless you tell him yourself, hell lose faith in you completely. Well let you use the room on cond
