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1、语法专项突破语法专项突破语法专项十 名词性从句 1 1主语从句主语从句 (1)(1)主语从句在复合句中作主句的主语。引主语从句在复合句中作主句的主语。引 导主语从句的词如下：导主语从句的词如下： whowho，thatthat，whichwhich，whatwhat，whenwhen，wherewhere ，howhow，whetherwhether，whywhy，whoeverwhoever， whicheverwhichever，whateverwhatever等。如：等。如：知识必备 What What I I want want to to drink drink is is coff
2、ee.coffee.我想喝的是我想喝的是 咖啡。咖啡。 That That you you are are coming coming to to London London is is the the best best news I have heard this long time.news I have heard this long time. 长长久以来我听到的最好的消息就是你要去久以来我听到的最好的消息就是你要去伦伦 敦。敦。 When When they they will will come come hasnt hasnt been been made made publi
3、c.public. 他他们们来的来的时间时间 没有公布。没有公布。 Whatever you want can be found here.Whatever you want can be found here. 你在你在这这里可以找到任何你想要的。里可以找到任何你想要的。(2)(2)主主语语从句可以放在句子后面，而用从句可以放在句子后面，而用it it作形作形 式主式主语语放在句首，尤其是放在句首，尤其是thatthat引引导导的主的主语语 从句常用于此种句式中，即：从句常用于此种句式中，即：It Itbebe adjadj/ /n n. .thatthat clauseclause。但。但
4、whatwhat，whateverwhatever， whoeverwhoever，whicheverwhichever引引导导的主的主语语从句一从句一 般不后置。如：般不后置。如： It It is is very very difficult difficult to to cool cool damaged damaged nuclear nuclear reactors.reactors. 冷却受冷却受损损核反核反应应堆很堆很难难。 It is a pity that you missed such a fine talk.It is a pity that you missed su
5、ch a fine talk. 很很遗遗憾你憾你错过错过 了如此美好的了如此美好的谈话谈话 。(3)whoever(3)whoever，whateverwhatever，whicheverwhichever引引导导的的 主主语语从句：从句：whoeverwhoever相当于相当于anyone anyone whowho， 表明泛指关系，表示表明泛指关系，表示“任何任何的人都，的人都， 凡是凡是的人都的人都”。whateverwhatever相当于相当于 anything anything thatthat，表示，表示“所所的一切，无的一切，无 论论”。whicheverwhichever意意为
6、为“无无论论哪个；哪个； 无无论论哪些哪些”。既可指人，也可指物；既可。既可指人，也可指物；既可 单单独使用，也可修独使用，也可修饰饰名名词词，也可以跟，也可以跟ofof短短 语连语连 用。如：用。如：Whoever comes will be welcome.Whoever comes will be welcome. 谁谁来都会来都会欢欢迎。迎。 Whatever Whatever was was said said here here must must be be kept kept secret.secret. 在在这这里所里所说说的一切都要保密。的一切都要保密。 Whichever
7、 Whichever of of us us fulfils fulfils his his task task first first will will lend a helping hand to others.lend a helping hand to others. 无无论论我我们们中哪一个先完成了任中哪一个先完成了任务务都将帮助都将帮助 其他人。其他人。 Whichever Whichever book book you you choose choose doesnt doesnt matter matter to me.to me. 你你选选哪本哪本书书不关我的事。不关我的事
8、。2 2宾语从句宾语从句 (1)(1)宾语宾语 从句在复合句中作主句的从句在复合句中作主句的宾语宾语 。引。引 导宾语导宾语 从句的从句的词词如下：如下： thatthat，whatwhat，whetherwhether，if if，wherewhere，whenwhen， whateverwhatever，whoeverwhoever等。如：等。如： We must find out who did all this.We must find out who did all this. 我我们们必必须查须查 明明谁谁做了做了这这个。个。We We are are wondering wond
9、ering if if the the nuclear nuclear radiation radiation will affect China.will affect China. 我我们们担心核担心核辐辐射是否会影响到中国。射是否会影响到中国。 He walked to where I stood.He walked to where I stood. 他朝我站的地方走他朝我站的地方走过过来。来。(2)(2)由由whateverwhatever，whicheverwhichever，whoeverwhoever， whoseverwhosever引引导导的的宾语宾语 从句。如：从句。如：
10、 You You may may do do whatever(anything whatever(anything that)you that)you like.like. 你可以做任何你喜你可以做任何你喜欢欢的事。的事。 Return Return the the book book to to whosever whosever (anyone (anyone whose)name is on it.whose)name is on it. 把把书还给书书还给书 上写名字的人。上写名字的人。 Ill read whichever book(any that)I like.Ill read
11、 whichever book(any that)I like. 我将我将读读我喜我喜欢欢的的书书。(3)(3)介介词词后的后的宾语宾语 从句。如：从句。如： Tom Tom is is a a nice nice boyboy，except except that that he he is is sometimes late for school.sometimes late for school. 汤汤姆是个很棒的男孩，除了有姆是个很棒的男孩，除了有时时上学上学迟迟到到 。 I I always always think think of of how how I I can can i
12、mprove improve my my spoken English.spoken English. 我我总总是在考是在考虑虑如何提高口如何提高口语语。 The The teacher teacher is is pleased pleased with with what what she she has has said.said. 老老师师很高很高兴兴听到她听到她说说的的话话。(4)(4)形容形容词词后的后的宾语宾语 从句从句(that(that可省略可省略) )。如：。如： Were Were glad glad that that our our football football
13、 team team has has won won the match.the match. 我我们们很高很高兴兴我我们们的足球的足球队赢队赢 了比了比赛赛。(5)(5)非非谓语动词谓语动词 后的后的宾语宾语 从句。如：从句。如： Realizing Realizing that that it it was was just just a a difference difference in in the the customcustom，the the foreigner foreigner smiled smiled and and said said nothing.nothing.
14、 当外国人意当外国人意识识到到这这只是只是习惯习惯 上的不同，就上的不同，就 笑笑什么也没笑笑什么也没说说。 On On being being asked asked whether whether he he had had had had any any good good food food in in ItalyItaly，he he answered answered “ “TerribleTerrible” ”当被当被问问到他是否在意大利享受到他是否在意大利享受过过美食美食时时， 他回答他回答“很糟很糟”。(6)(6)宾语宾语 从句中的形式从句中的形式宾语宾语 it it。 在在
15、“及物及物动词动词 宾语宾语 宾语补宾语补 足足语语”的的结结 构中，构中，宾语宾语 如果是由从句来担任，如果是由从句来担任，则则通常通常 放在放在宾补宾补 的后面，用形式的后面，用形式宾语宾语 it it来代替它来代替它 ，此，此时时，thatthat一般不可省。如：一般不可省。如： I I made made it it clear clear that that I I was was determined determined to to carry out the plan.carry out the plan. 我很清楚，我已下定决心我很清楚，我已下定决心实实施施这项计这项计 划。
16、划。(7)(7)宾语宾语 从句中的虚从句中的虚拟语拟语 气：气： desiredesire愿望，愿望，demanddemand要求，要求，insistinsist坚坚决要决要 求，求，orderorder命令，命令，requestrequest请请求，求，suggestsuggest建建 议议，proposepropose提提议议，建，建议议等等词词后的后的宾语宾语 从从 句用虚句用虚拟语拟语 气。气。宾语宾语 从句的从句的谓语谓语 形式：形式： shouldshoulddodo，shouldshould可以省略。如：可以省略。如： He He insisted insisted that that she(should)stay she(should)stay here here for for another week.another wee
