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1、定语从句(一)一、概述 在主从复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句，叫做定语 从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。从句放在所修饰 词(即先行词)之后，由关系代词或关系副词引导。定语从 句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 e.g. 1. A dictionary is a book which gives the meaningof words. 2. His dog, which was very old, became ill.二、引导词关系代词关系副词that which who whom whose aswhy where when关系代词的运用that which who whom
2、 whose asthat: 先行词指人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语。which: 先行词指物，在从句中作主语或宾语。who ：先行词指人，在从句中作主语。whom: 先行词指人，在从句中作宾语。whose: 先行词指人或物，在从句中作定语，即whose + n. e.g. 1. I like the book _ you lent to me. 2. The boy _ is standing near the door is my brother. 3. The girl _I talked with just now will go to Beijing. 4. Do you know t
3、he person to _ you should write.that / which who / thatwhom/who/thatwhom引导词在从句中作宾语，没有介词提前时，可以省略( )( )1. There was a wine shop, the owner of _ was Defarge .There was a wine shop, _ owner was Defarge .whichwhosewhose + n. ; the + n. + of + whichof which the + n. Have you seen the book _ cover is blue?
4、 Have you seen the book _ the cover is blue? Have you seen the book the cover _ is blue?of which the ownerwhose of which of whichwhosewhose关系副词的运用why when where关系副词why when where也可以用介词+which代替。1) why 作原因状语for which,先行词是the reason2)where 作地点状语，先行词是表示地点的词，如house,room, place等。但地点名词在从句中作主语或宾语时， 引导词用that
5、或which。e.g.1. I dont know the reason _he didnt come.why 2. Thats the reason _ I like him.why/ for whiche.g. 1. This is the school _ we study everyyear.2. This is the school _we visited yesterday.3. She has gone home _ she will stay several days.where/in which(that/which) where/at which3) when 作时间状语，
6、先行词是表示时间的名词，如time, year,day, week等，但时间名词在从句中作主语、宾语时， 引导词用that , which。e.g. 1. Ill never forget the time _ we worked on the farm. 2.I still remember the day _ is his birthday. 3. October here is a month _ weather is cool. 4. I never forget the day _he died.whenwhenwhenthat which in which on whichduri
7、ng which限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 概述： 限制性定语从句修饰限制先行词，缺少从句，句子意义不 完整或失去意义，主从句关系十分密切，写时，不用逗号 分开。翻译时先译从句，后译先行词。 非限制性定语从句只是对先行词作些附加说明，主从句关系 不十分密切，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句和 主句之间往往用逗号分开。主从句各译成一句。 e.g. He is the man who came to see you yesterday.The boy, who is reading under the tree,is from that college She has a son who works in Shanghai.She has a son, who works in Shanghai.Thank you!
