带to的动词短语

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1、 请看2006年天津高考英语试题中的第8小题和重庆 第26小题: Most of us know we should cut down on fat, but knowing such things isnt of much help when it _shopping and eating. A. refers to B. speaks of C. focuses on D. comes to 本题主要考查when it comes to (doing) sth. 其短语表示“当涉及(做)某事的情况、事情或问题 时”;refer to“参考,提及”;speak of “说起”; focus

2、on “注意,聚焦于,集中于”。因此本题应 该选D。本题主要考查考生的动词短语意义的区别 ,另外refer to和come to中的to是介词。 1.get down toIsnt it time you got down to _the papers? A. mark B. be marked C. being marked D. marking 本题主要考查动词短语及非谓语动词的用法 ,get down to“着手干某事”。to 是介词, 因此后应该接名词或动名词。 在英语中有许多常用带to的短语,是高中教 学的难点,尤其是高三复习中的难点。这种 短语的特点是在介词to后只能跟名词、代词

3、或动名词。本文就高中阶段带有to的动词短 语归纳并讲解如下。get down to 着手做(认真考虑)例如: Lets get down to work 让我们静下心来工作吧。 While the weather is fine, I must get down to painting the house. 当天晴时,我一定要油漆房子。 解释:其后宾语一般用“business, work等”。down是 副词。 2keep to 遵守(坚持,坚持方向)例如: Id rather keep to the original arrangement. 我宁愿坚持原先的安排。 Ill as he wa

4、s, he kept to studying far into the night. 他虽然有病,但仍然学习到深夜。 解释:同义词组是“stick to”。当表示“不偏主题,不跑 题”时,其宾语经常用subject, point等。 3contribute to 有助于,为做贡献,投稿,捐款 例如: This can contribute to the solution of the problem. 这有助于问题的解决。 He offered to contribute to the Red Cross. 他主动提出向红十字会捐款。 He contributed an article to

5、China Daily. 他向中国日报投了一篇稿件。 4. admit to 承认 例如: The young man admitted to stealing the jewels. 那个年轻人承认了偷了珠宝。 He admitted to the murder. 他承认犯了谋杀罪。 解释:例句中的to可省略。 5take to 喜欢上,从事,沉湎于,走向等 例如: The robbers have taken to the hills, where it will be difficult to catch them. 盗贼们上山了,那里很难抓到他们。 For some reason he

6、 took to walking in the New York streets at night. 不知为什么,他养成夜间在纽约街道上溜达的习惯。 解释:请注意take sth to sth. 的用法,意思是:to use a tool or piece of equipment in order to do sth , especially sth violent用(工具或设备)做某事( 尤指)用打击。例如:He took a hammer to the radio.他用锤子把收音机砸了。 6turn to 求助于(依靠,转而从事于)例如: No matter when he is in

7、trouble, he always turns to me for help. 他每当陷入困境时,他总是求助于我。 Refused permission to work in the country, he was able to turn to writing to earn a living. 他在这个国家找不到工作,以写作谋生。 7look up to 尊敬(敬仰)例如: He always looks up to his younger sister. 他一向尊敬他的姐姐。 解释:look up to可用于被动语态。例如:She was looked up to by the res

8、t of her family.她受到家人 的尊敬。 8lead to导致(引起,通向)例如: Living in damp conditions can lead to serious health problems. 生活在潮湿环境中会引发严重的健康问题。 The increase in the number of motor vehicles has led to an increase in autocrimes. 机动车辆数目增加,结果导致汽车相关罪的增长。 解释:注意lead sb. to do短语的用法。同义词: result in, cause 9look forward to

9、 期望(盼望)例如: Are you looking forward to your trip? 你期待着这次旅行吗? We are all looking forward to hearing from you . 我们都盼望收到你的信。 10run to 达到(发展到等);向某人求助帮助 例如: His latest book runs to 300 pages. 他最近写的书已经达到300页。 If you get hurt, dont come running to me. 你要是受伤害了,可别来找我。 11point to指向(面向,表明等)例如: The children were

10、 pointing to the animals, shouting with excitement. 孩子们指着动物,兴奋地喊着。 The presendents remarks seemed to be pointing to an early election. 总统的讲话好象指的是以前的竞选。 12. stick to 坚持(忠于等)例如: When writing an article, stick to one style throughout. 写文章时,要坚持一种风格。 If you stick to practising the piano every day, you co

11、uld become quite a good musician. 如果你每天坚持练习弹钢琴,就能成为一个优秀的音乐家 。 13. object to 反对 例如: Many local people object to the building of the new airport. 许多当地的居民反对修建新机场。 I really object to being charged for parking at the hospital. 我坚决反对医院收取停车费。 14. hold to 抓住,坚持 例如: She always holds to her principles. 她始终坚持自

12、己的原则。 解释:同义词组:stick to , keep to等 。 15. be equal to 等于,胜任,经得起 例如: He is equal to this task. 他胜任这件工作。 He is equal to doing this task. 他胜任做这件工作。 16see to 注意(处理,照料等)例如: I really will see to painting the living room next week. 我真的在下周油漆起居室。 Excuse me, I must go and see to the dinner. 真对不起,我必须去做饭了。 解释:see

13、 to it that = make sure that 务必要 ,注意 例如:See to it that your are back before 4 oclock.务必四点钟之前回来。 17pay attention to 注意,认真听讲 Pay attention to me, children. 孩子们,请认真听讲。 You must pay attention to the teacher. Dont let your attention wander. 你必须专心听教师讲课,注意力不要分散。 18come to 合计;共计;突然出现在脑海中;谈到;苏 醒 例如 The idea

14、came to me in the middle of the night. 我在午夜时突然想到了这个主意。 When it comes to maths, I know nothing. 当谈到数学时,我一无所知。 解释:come to oneself表示“恢复常态”。同义词组有 :amount to, add up to。 19agree to同意(计划、建议和安排) Do you agree to my plan? 你同意我的建议吗? 20. add to使(数量等)增加,使(规模) 扩大 例如: Taking the children with us would only add to our problems. 带着孩子只能给我们添乱。 Music playing in the background added to the atmosphere. 背景音乐渲染气氛。 21. appeal to 使感兴趣,对有吸引力,打动人心 例如: The Harry Potter books appeal to readers of all ages. 哈里波特系列的书吸引着不同年龄的读者。

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