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1、Sailing Introduction Sailing/ Yachting Art of controlling a sailing vesselSailors management of force of wind on sails to change the direction or speed of a boatKnowledge concerning varying wind, sea conditions and sailing Victory winning by shortest distance in the fastest speedGoverning RulesRacin
2、g Rule of Sailing (RRS)Sailing Instructions (SIs)Notice of Race (NOR) Class Rules History Origin in Netherlands, Jaght or jaght Schip in DutchMeans of transportation since antiquitySport in England after King Chrale IIs return from Holland, 1600sAMERICA winning a trophy of Hundred Guineas Cup/ Ameri
3、ca Cup, 1851 Dominant Continents Europe, Africa and Oceania Governing Body International Yacht Racing Union (IYRU,1907) International Sailing Federation (ISAF,1994)Affiliated sport of sailing, esp. yacht, dinghy, windsurfing and model boat racing Categories of Sailing Boats Categories of Sailing Boa
4、ts by ISAFKeel boats 龙骨帆船Centerboard boats 稳向帆船Multihull boats 多体船Wind boards 帆板Ancient sailboats 古帆船 Criterion and GovernanceLength, width, weight, draught, area and number of sails, number of sailors Association with Charter and class regulations for each class All associations under the uniform l
5、eadership of ISAFAll racing in the light of Racing Rules60 min60 min90 min120 min90 min 90 min90 min 120 min120 minRace Course Course Open sea 1 or 2 miles off the coast Series of marks around which boats must sail Multiple rounding of the same mark Courses in Olympic GamesTrapezoidal course Windwar
6、d-return course Outward Trapezoid Inward Trapezoid A Windward-Leeward CourseFINISHSTART12FINISHSTART4513 45290Start 1 2 1 2 FinishStart 1 2 3 1 3 FinishTacking on the starboard sideOn the port tack Officials Officials Race officer Assistant officer Judges Organize and conduct the competition with Si
7、gnal flag and judge boat Give order on the boat with international flag signals Attend the protest hearings and render a written decision, after the race Assess penalties for violation on water, in some casesUmpires Organize and conduct the competition with Signal flag and judge boat Act on water ab
8、oard aboat with another umpire Follow the competing sailboats and make instantaneous decision during match race Chief measurers Water staff Competition Competition Format Total of Series races as Finals scores Open series (7 or 10) + medal race (1)10 boats in OS advances to MROn the water umpiring i
9、n Medal Race Scoring SystemScore awarded as points based on the boat finishing position in each race Place= score Unfinished sailor= all finished + 1 Start DNS (Did Not Start): 4 min delay after the startOCS (On Course Side)Boats on the course side of the start line at the starting line and do not r
10、eturn and recross the start line. Main Rights of Way Rule Boat on opposite tacks Boat on a port tack gives way to boat on startboard tack Boats on the same tack Boats to windward keeps clear of a leeward boat Boat overlapped on the same tack Windward boat keeps clear Boat on the same tack, not overl
11、appedBoat clear astern keeps clear of the boat clear ahead Limitations Avoid contact with other boats, but the right-of-way boat will not be penalized under this condition unless the contact curses damage When you do sth do become the right-of-way boat, you must give the other boat a chance to get a
12、way from you.When you change course, you must give the other boat a chance to keep clearIf you are overlapped to leeward of a boat on the same tack, and if just before the overlap began you were astern of her, you can not sail above you proper course.Organizations and TournamentOrganizationsInternat
13、ional Sailing Federation(ISAF)International European Class Union Asian Yatching Fedearation International 470 Class Association Chinese Sailing Association Tournament ISAF Sailing World Championships World Sailing Games Team Racing World Championships Olympic Sailing Tournament World Youth Sailing C
14、hampionships World Women Sailing Challenge Chapionship Radio-controlld Boat Sailing World Women Keel Boats ChampionshipsOlympic TournamentOlympic Debut- Yatching1896, not held for poor weather1900, Time Handicap1908, regular event of Olympic 1984, events exclusively for women2000, name changed into Sailing in the OG Trend Smaller boats and fewer crew members Race Format 11 races for all events, but 16 races for 49er RegattaOpen series (10) Medal race On-the-water umpiring for medal raceSailboat Suggested Websites Official website of ISAF:http:/www.sailing.org/
