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1、 1-1McGraw-Hill/IrwinSupply Chain Logistics Management, First Edition. Bowersox, Closs, and Cooper. Copyright 2002 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.Supply Chain Logistics ManagementChapter 1: Twenty-first Century Supply ChainsSUPPLIER NETWORK INTEGRATED ENTERPRISEDISTRIBUTIVE N
2、ETWORKInformation, Product, Service, Financial and Knowledge FlowsM A T E R I A L SCapacity, Information, Core Competencies, Capital and Human ResourcesRelationship ManagementProcurementManufacturingDistributionE N DC O N S U M E R SGeneralized Supply Chain Model1-2McGraw-Hill/IrwinSupply Chain Logi
3、stics Management, First Edition. Bowersox, Closs, and Cooper. Copyright 2002 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.1-3McGraw-Hill/IrwinSupply Chain Logistics Management, First Edition. Bowersox, Closs, and Cooper. Copyright 2002 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved
4、.What is a supply chain?Customer wants detergent and goes to JewelJewel SupermarketJewel or third party DCP Bt = Base level demand for period t; St = Seasonality factor for period t; T = Trend component index reflecting increaseor decrease per time period; Ct = Cyclical factor for period t; Pt= Prom
5、otional factor for period t; I = Irregular or random quantity.Ft = (Bt x St x T x Ct x Pt) + I9-177McGraw-Hill/IrwinSupply Chain Logistics Management, First Edition. Bowersox, Closs, and Cooper. Copyright 2002 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.Top-down ForecastField DC 1 Forecas
6、t 4,000 unitsField DC 4 Forecast 1,000 unitsField DC 2 Forecast 3,000 unitsField DC 3 Forecast 2,000 unitsHistorical SplitPlant DC Aggregate Forecast 10,000 units20%10%30%40%9-178McGraw-Hill/IrwinSupply Chain Logistics Management, First Edition. Bowersox, Closs, and Cooper. Copyright 2002 by The McG
7、raw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.Forecast Management ProcessForecast AdministrationForecast TechniqueForecast Support SystemOrders History TacticsFinance Marketing Sales Production LogisticsForecast DatabaseForecast ProcessForecast Users9-179McGraw-Hill/IrwinSupply Chain Logistics Manage
8、ment, First Edition. Bowersox, Closs, and Cooper. Copyright 2002 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.Comparative Forecast Errors100604020080NationalSKU- LocationBrand Forecast LevelPercent ErrorHighAvgLow10-180McGraw-Hill/IrwinSupply Chain Logistics Management, First Edition. Bowe
9、rsox, Closs, and Cooper. Copyright 2002 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.Supply Chain Logistics ManagementChapter 10: Inventory Management and Strategy10-181McGraw-Hill/IrwinSupply Chain Logistics Management, First Edition. Bowersox, Closs, and Cooper. Copyright 2002 by The McG
10、raw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.Focusing on Inventory Sales = $100,000 Average inventory = $50,000 Range of inventory ($30,000 - 70,000) Annual turns = 2.00 Days of supply = 18010-182McGraw-Hill/IrwinSupply Chain Logistics Management, First Edition. Bowersox, Closs, and Cooper. Copyrigh
11、t 2002 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.“Peeling the Inventory Onion”10-183McGraw-Hill/IrwinSupply Chain Logistics Management, First Edition. Bowersox, Closs, and Cooper. Copyright 2002 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.Product Positioning Decision Factors
12、Accurate assessment of inventory value Assignment of responsibility for inventory carrying costs Opportunity cost (15%) Taxes and insurance(1%) Pilferage and obsolescence (1%) Storage (2%)10-184McGraw-Hill/IrwinSupply Chain Logistics Management, First Edition. Bowersox, Closs, and Cooper. Copyright
13、2002 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.Perspectives on Product Positioning Provide for uncertainty - Inventory management Reduce demand uncertainty Reduce cycle uncertainty10-185McGraw-Hill/IrwinSupply Chain Logistics Management, First Edition. Bowersox, Closs, and Cooper. Copyr
14、ight 2002 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.Provide for Uncertainty Inventory Management Manage Where to stock? When to order? How much to order? Control Accountability Accuracy10-186McGraw-Hill/IrwinSupply Chain Logistics Management, First Edition. Bowersox, Closs, and Cooper.
15、Copyright 2002 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.Inventory Cycle for Typical ProductAverage Inventory 1.5 months1.5 monthsSafety Stock1.0months122 months10-187McGraw-Hill/IrwinSupply Chain Logistics Management, First Edition. Bowersox, Closs, and Cooper. Copyright 2002 by The Mc
16、Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.Elements Influencing Average Inventory Average = OQ/2 + SS + IT Where: Average = average inventory level OQ = average replenishment order quantity SS = average safety stock level IT = average in-transit inventory10-188McGraw-Hill/IrwinSupply Chain Logistics Management, First Edition. Bowersox, Closs, and Cooper. Copyright 2002 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
