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1、 在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从 句句( (Noun Clauses)Noun Clauses)。名词性从句的功能相名词性从句的功能相当于名词或名词词组当于名词或名词词组, , 它在复合句中能担它在复合句中能担 任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语 等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能， 名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语 从句、表语从句和同位语从句。从句、表语从句和同位语从句。His job is important.What he does
2、is important.This is his job.This is what he does every day.I dont like his job.I dont like what he does every day.I dont know about the man, Mr. White. I dont know about the fact that he is a teacher.引导名词性从句的连接词引导名词性从句的连接词1. 1. 连词连词 : : that (宾语从句或表语从句中that有时可以省略)whether,if （表示“是否”表明内容的不确定性) as if
3、,as though （表示“好像”，“似乎”） 2. 2. 连接连接代词代词: : what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which, whichever 3. 3. 连接副词连接副词: : when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however 1 That he will succeed is certain. 2 Whether he will go there is not known. 3 What he said is not true. 4 Where he hid
4、 the money is to be found out . 5 Whoever comes is welcome. 6 How we can help the twins will be discussed at the meeting. 7 When theyll start the project has not been decided yet.为避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常 用it作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作 真正的主语。 1. It is certain that he will succeed. 2. It is not known whether he will go
5、there. 3. It has not been decided yet when theyll start the project.“It” is used as empty subject.形式主语宾语从句在句中充当宾语成分(可以作谓语动词、 介词、不定式等非谓语动词的宾语)They know that the habit will kill them. It all depends on whether they will support us. He asked how much I paid for the violin. He made it clear to the publi
6、c that he did an important and necessary job. I find it necessary that we should do the homework.Tell the function of the following clauses.that, whether, if (that常可省略) who, what, which, whoever, whatever, when where why how当whether后紧跟or/or not时,不用if.I dont know whether I will stay or not.介词后面的宾语从句不
7、能用if. I worry about whether I hurt her feelings. 1. whether和if都可以引导宾语从句在主+谓+it (形式宾语) +宾补+that从 句(真正宾语)的句型中不省略 We must make it clear that we mean what we say. 由连词and连接的两个由that引导 的宾语从句中,第二个that不省略。 He told me (that) he would come and that he would come on time.The question is whether we can rely on h
8、im. Thats because we were in need of money at that time. He looked as if he was going to cry. Thats why I was late. 表语从句:在句中充当表语成分，一般放 在系动词之后。 作用:对主语进行解释说明。Tips:Tips:系动词系动词 be keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand seem, appear, look feel, smell, sound, taste, look become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, c
9、ome, run when / where / why / how / because that / whether / as if / as though (if不 引导表语从句)who / whom / whose / which / what同位语从句在句中充当同位语成分，其一般跟在一些 抽象名词(idea; belief; fact; truth; problem; news等 )后面，对名词作进一步解释说明。 同位语从句常用that引导或用连接副词when / where / why / how / whether The news that we won the game is e
10、xciting. Tom made his teacher a promise that he would never be late again. The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill. 1.同位语从句的格式： 2.能接同位语从句的名词有：3.连接词通常是that,也可根据含义选用n. + 连接词 + 从句fact, idea, news, order, belief, suggestion, advice, information等whether, what, when, where等来引导 同位语从句。1. T
11、wo thirds of all girls in Britain are on a diet./ The fact worries their parents and teachers a lot.2. The Queen of England was on a three-day visit inChina./ We heard the news last night._The fact that two thirds of all girls are on a diet worries their parents and teachers a lot._ _We heard the ne
12、ws last night that the Queen of England was on a three-day visit in China.4. Time travel is possible./ There is no scientific proof for the idea.5. Chinese students should be given more free time./The suggestion is welcomed by many people, especially kids in school.3. Teenagers should not spend too
13、much time online./ Many British parents hold the view._ Many British parents hold the view that teenagers shouldnt spend too much time online._There is no scientific proof for the idea that time travel is possible._The suggestion that Chinese students should be given more free time is welcomed by ma
14、ny people, especially kids in school.1. 定语从句是先行词的修饰语, 它不涉及先行词的具体内容。定语从句中that不 但起连接作用, 而且在定语从句中充当一 个句子成分, 充当从句的宾语成分时可省 略。 2. 同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明, 表明中心词的具体内容。引导同位语从句的that在同位语从句中不做任何成分, 只起连接作用, 无具体含义, 且不可省略。1. We expressed the hope that they had expressed. 2. We expressed the hope that they would co
15、me to China again. 1. The information has been announced that more middle school graduates will be admitted into university. 2. The information that he revealed at the meeting is of great value.ATAPAPAT1. _ the baby could speak made his parents very happy.A. That B. What C. Why D. If2. I wonder _ you will go shopping or stay at home.A. that B. if C. whether D. what主语从句宾语从句3. This is _ he was often late for school.A. what B. that C. why D. w
