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1、 主语从句：位于句首，与主句没有逗号隔开 状语从句：1、位于句首，与主句有逗号隔开2、位于主句后，一般无逗号隔开 宾语从句：位于及物动词或介词的后面 表语从句：位于联系动词的后面 定语从句：位于名词后面或主句后 同位语从句：位于某些抽象名词后面wh(h)-单词与that, if等 who, whom, whoever, what, whatever ,which, whichever, where, wherever, when, whenever, why, how, however, whose, whosever, whether, that, if，while用法分类1、用于连接主语从
2、句的词有： what ,whatever ,who, whoever, that, whether. 2、连接状语从句的词有：where, wherever (no matter where), when, whenever (no matter when), why, how, however( no matter how), whatever (no matter what), whichever (no matter which), while等3、连接宾语从句的词有：who, whom, whoever, what, that, whatever ,which, whichever,
3、where, wherever, when, whenever, why, how, however, whose, whosever, if, whether 4、连接表语从句的词有：who, whom, whoever, what, that, whatever ,which, whichever, where, wherever, when, whenever, why, how, however, whose, whosever, 等5、连接同位语从句的词有：that , whether，有时也用who, whom, whoever, what, whatever , where, w
4、herever, when, whenever, why, how, however, whose, whosever6、连接定语从句的词有：who, whom, which, that, where, when, why, whose.注意： 1、which带名词性从句表示的意思是哪一 个、哪一些，在句中作定语，一般后接名 词说明其特征;但带定语从句时指代事物 ，在句中作主语或宾语：I dont know which dress is hers.That is the house which he bought ten years ago. 2、不带定语从句的词有：what, how, wh
5、ether, if, 疑问词+ever名词性从句1. that 与 what 2. if 与 whether 3. whether (if)与that的区别4.no matter who与 whoever关联词的区分1.用that 或what 填空1. I wonder if this is _you are looking for. 2. Our school is quite different from _ it was before. 3. Father made a promise _ if I passed the examination he would buy me a com
6、puter.4._ I cant understand is why he has changed his mind. 5._ the earth is round is known to us all.what whatthatWhatThatThat引导名词性从句只起连接作用，在 从句中不作任何成分，无意义，在宾语 从句中常可省略，但在主语从句、表语 从句和同位语从句中均不能省略；what 除引导从句外还在从句中作主语或宾语 ，意为“所的（东西）”，在含义 上等于“名词+that”归纳：1）_ you dont like him is none of my business. A. Wha
7、t B. Who C. That D. WhetherPractice2)_ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. A.What B. That C. The fact D. The matter3) Theres a feeling in me _ well never know what a UFO is - not ever. ( s2002）A. that B. which C. of which D. what 2.用if 或whether 填空 1. I dont know _ Ill be free tomorr
8、ow. 2. I dont know _ or not Ill be free tomorrow. 3. The question is _ this book is worth writing. 4. It depends on _ we will have enough money.5. _they can do it matters little to us.6._ you are not free tomorrow , Ill go without you.whether/ifwhetherwhetherwhetherWhetherIf归纳:两者均可用于及物动词后引导宾语从句 表示“是
9、否”，常可互换。但除此之外， 其他情况下表示“是否”时，通常要用 whether而不用if。如： 用于引导主语从句，表语从句，同位语从 句； 直接与or not连用； 用于不定式前； 用于介词后1._ the 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet.A. Whenever B. If C.Whether D.That 2._ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If B.Whether C. That D.Where whether(if)引起的从
10、句其内涵是一个 疑问，而that引用表达的是一个事实 。 比较： People doubt whether the statement is true or not.I dont doubt that the statement is true.3. whether (if)与that的区别名词性从句的that与定语从句的thatthat引导名词性从句只起连接作用，在 从句中不作任何成分(不做主语或宾语 )，无意义，在宾语从句中常可省略， 但在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从 句中均不能省略； that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语或 宾语，指代先行词中的人或物。 特别要注意同位语从句的that与定
11、语从 句的that同位语从句和定语从句比较练习1 I heard about the news he got a full mark in this examination.2. This is good news I heard from Mary. 3. He cant answer the question he got the money. 4. This is an easy question heanswered in class. that（同位语从句） that （定语从句） how （同位语从句）that （定语从句）用连接词填空。 1.The problem _ he ca
12、nt come to help us worries us a lot.2.I have no idea _ he will return.3.I have no information _ he went camping last Sunday.4.He expressed the opinion _ Tom should be made manager of the factory.5.Theres no doubt _ he was killed in the accident.thatwhenwherethatthat6.Theres great doubt _ he did so o
13、r not.7.He told me the news of _ house had just been burned down.8.Word came _ the President of the USA would inspect the army.whetherwhosethat 主语从句的引导词 -定语从句的引导词 （7）与定语从句的转化 whoever -any one who whomever- any one whom whosever- any one whose whichever- any one which whatever- anything that what - 先行词+ which /what (8) 与状语从句的转化 主语从句的引导词 -状语从句的引导词 主 whoever - no matter who 语 whomever - no matter whom 从 whosever - no matter whose 句 whichever - no matter which whatever - no matter what
