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1、Grammar 1 The present simple tense (1) 表示经常性的、习惯性的、反复发生的动作 。 He walks to school every day. He is always ready to help others. (2) 表示主语现在的特征、性格或说话时的感觉 、状态等。 This job calls for great patience. I feel very cold. (3) 表示客观事实或普遍真理。 China is in the east of Asia. Light travels faster than sound.(4) 表示已经做出的决
2、定、安排好的事情、将来 预定要发生的情况。这种用法多用来谈论时间 表、节目单、日程表等已安排好的事情，通常 要加上表示将来的时间状语。这类动词通常为 表示开始、结束和位置变化等的词，如 start,begin,finish,leave,move,arrive及take等。 The train arrives at 8:30 and leaves at 8:45. (5) 用在时间、条件等状语从句中代替将来时态 。 If it rains tomorrow, we shall stay at home. We will give him the message after he finishes
3、 dinner. Even if you fail, you will have gained experience.The present continuous tense其结构为”am/is/are+现在分词” (1) 表示说话时正在进行的动作。 We are having an English lesson now. The peasants are getting in the wheat in the field. (2) 表示现阶段正在进行的动作，虽然此时此刻 这一动作不一定正在进行。 The workers are building a new factory. He is tr
4、anslating a book. (3)少数动词，如 go,come,leave,arrive,return,begin,do,die,lose等， 其现在进行时可以表示预计将要发生的动作。 My uncle is coming back from abroad. (4)表示反复发生的动作。常与 always,forever,constantly,continually,all the time等 时间副词（短语）连用，表示反复发生的或习 惯性的动作。这种用法的现在进行时常表示不 满、抱怨或赞赏等情感。 She is always finding fault with others. He
5、is constantly leaving things about. John is thinking of others all the time.有些动词通常不可以用于进行时态，这类动词通常表 示“感官、情感、存在、占有、从属”等。 see,hear,smell,feel,look,seem(表示感官的动词) hate,love,like,want,wish(表示情感的动词) be,exist,stay,remain(表示存在状态的动词) have,possess,belong,consist(表示占有与从属的动词) 但如果词义转变，能表示一个正在进行的动作，就能 用于进行时态。 Do
6、you see anyone over there? Are you seeing someone off? He looks very young. He is looking for his pen.Grammar 2 Adjectives ending in ing and -ed 英语中有很多与感觉有关的及物动词，如： interest，bore，worry，surprise，frighten， move，excite，tire，puzzle，disappoint， encourage，satisfy，delight，please，inspire， astonish，discourag
7、e等。它们有下列特点： (1) 这类动词的形容词有两种：一是-ing形式， 意为“令人的”，表示主动意义；二是-ed形 式，意为“（人）感到的”，含有被动意义 。(2) -ing 形式多用来修饰事物，而-ed形式多用来 修饰人。 (3)此类分词因转化为形容词，故可用副词修饰 。 The moving film deeply moved the audience. Seeing the delighting result, we are all delighted. Listening to the tiring report, we were all tired. The children a
8、re all interested in the interesting story. -ing形容词表示某物具有令人/使人产生某种情 绪的功能，而-ed形容词则表示某人处于什么状 态或用来修饰表示人的音容笑貌的名词，表示 某人在此状态下具有的表情、声音等。amazing 令人吃惊的 amazed 吃惊的 exciting 令人兴奋的 excited 兴奋的 interesting 令人感兴趣的 interested 感兴趣的 tiring 令人疲劳的 tired 疲惫的 worrying 令人担心的 worried 担心的 disappointing 令人失望的 disappointed 失
9、望的 satisfying 令人满意的 satisfied 感到满意的 frightening 令人害怕的 frightened 吓坏了的 moving 令人感动的 moved 感动的 surprising 令人惊奇的 surprised 惊奇的 pleasing 令人高兴的 pleased 高兴的 embarrassing 令人尴尬的 embarrassed 尴尬的Exercises 1. I _ all the cooking for my family, but recently Ive been too busy to do it.A. will do B. doC. am doing
10、 D. had done 2. -Do you have any problems if you _ this job?-Well, Im thinking about the salaryA. offer B. will offerC. are offered D.will be offered 3. Would you please keep silent? The weather report _ and I want to listen.A. is broadcast B. is being broadcastC. has been broadcast D. had been broa
11、dcast 4.-Why dont we choose that road to save time?-The bridge to it _ .A. has repaired B. is repairedC. is being repaired D. will be repaired 5.-Im not finished with my dinner yet.-But our friends _ for us.A. will wait B. wait C. have waited D. are waiting 6.Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your
12、 seat belts. The plane _ .A. takes off B. is taking off C. has taken off D. took off 7. -Im very _ with my own cooking. It looks nice and smells delicious.-Mmm, it does have a _ smell.A. pleasant; pleased B. pleased; pleasedC. pleasant; pleasant D. pleased; pleasant 8. -Did you enjoy yourself at the
13、 party?-Yes. Ive never been to _ one before.A. a more excited B. the most excitedC. a more exciting D. the most exciting 9. -Are you still busy?-Yes, I _ my work, and it wont take long.A. just finish B. am just finishingC. have just finished D. am just going to finish10. -Did Tom live here?-Yes, but
14、 he _ here now.A. isnt live B. hadnt livedC. isnt living D. will live 11. _ hard? Why dont they stop working?A. Isnt it raining B. Hasnt it rainedC. Wont it rain D. Wasnt it raining 12. -I _ the failure was your fault.-Yes, I see, you only want to learn the details.A. didnt think B. was not explainingC. am not suggesting D. havent expected13. Dont speak loud. Father _ . A. will sleep B. is sleepingC. has slept D. sleeps 14. It seldom _ here but it _ heavily these days.A. snow; snows B. snows; is snowingC. is snowing; is snowing D. is snowing; snows 15. -How
