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1、内容摘要内容摘要在这个追求效率最大化的社会中，提高生产线自动化程度、增强生产效率、优化控制手段、丰富控制层次，都已成为了工业生产中大力推动成产效率的不二选择。就牛奶生产的搅拌工艺来说，若依靠人工操作来实现牛奶的均匀搅拌、添加剂的比例给定及实时温度的调控，则所生产出来的牛奶不仅质量难以达标，而且浪费了人力物力资源，严重的影响了生产效率。就此，我基于国内某知名牛奶制造公司的奶罐搅拌方式，通过对 plc 以及变频器的研究控制、程序软件的学习研究，对此项课题进入深入的分析研究.首先，作为工业控制计算机，PLC 执行各种各样的控制算法程序，完成闭环控制。而变频器是应用变频技术与微电子技术，通过改变电机工
2、作电源的频率和幅度的方式来控制交流电动机的电力传动元件。可以说随着 PLC 与变频器的不断发展，其对奶罐搅拌工艺效率的提高有着重要的意义。目前市面上的牛奶主要是巴氏杀菌奶，即将采集来的鲜牛奶经过巴氏杀菌之后，加入两种必要添加剂搅拌之后，进入灌装生产线进行包装出售。本次设计就是针对巴氏消毒后的工艺而进行的，在巴氏消毒结束后，需要向牛奶中添加两种必要的添加剂，并进行搅拌，内容包括搅拌控制（由于工艺要求，包括变频和工频），搅拌过程中温度，液位，电机转速等现场参数的监控等等，本次设计由控制站和操作站两部分组成，控制站使用了西门子公司 STEP 7 编程软件，操作站则使用的是 WINCC 软件。通过西门
3、子 S7-300 系列 PLC 来实现。此外，还运用了西门子公司的 MR440系列变频器对搅拌电机的转速进行控制和调节，以及热电阻，液位传感器等现场信号采集设备。其中还包括对现场采集来的信号参数的标准化过程等。最后，通过此次设计，努力做到了将生产线最大的自动化，监控的系统化，实现搅拌过程由工频到变频自动操作，丰富操控层次，实现现场操控和远程调控相结合，提高牛奶的生产效率，也为牛奶产品的质量提供了强有力的保障！关关键键词词：S7300； 变频器； WinCC； 牛奶搅拌AbstractIn this quest to maximize the efficiency of society, the
4、 degree of automation increase production, improving production efficiency, optimize the control means, rich control hierarchy, have become industrial production into the production efficiency in Dali to promote the best choice. Mixing process of milk production, if the milk to rely on manual operat
5、ion to achieve uniform mixing, additives, and the proportion of a given real-time temperature control, it would have produced not only the quality of milk is difficult to compliance, but also a waste of human and material resources, serious of the production efficiency. In this connection, I must wi
6、th a renowned manufacturer of the milk cans milk stirring method, through the plc and the Inverter control software for study and research on this subject into the in-depth analysis. First of all, as an industrial control computer, PLC control algorithm to the preparation of various procedures to co
7、mplete the closed-loop control. PID closed-loop control system adjustment is generally a lot about the adjustment method used. Large PLC had PID module, now many small PLC also has the function module. PID treatment is generally running a dedicated PID routine. Process control in metallurgy, heat tr
8、eatment, boiler control and other occasions have a very wide range of applications. Application of variable frequency converter is Frequency technology and microelectronic technology, electrical work by changing the frequency and amplitude of the power to control AC motors of electric drive componen
9、ts. Is the use of power semiconductor devices will be off the role of power frequency electrical energy is transformed into another frequency control devices. Currently the market is mainly milk pasteurized milk, fresh milk to be collected after pasteurization before joining the two kinds of additiv
10、e mixing is necessary after the filling line for packaging into the sale. This design is for the pasteurization process carried out after, after the pasteurization, the milk need to add two kinds of necessary additives, and for mixing, including mixing control (due process requirements, including th
11、e frequency and the work frequency), mixing of the temperature, liquid level, motor speed and so on and so on-site monitoring of parameters, this design by the host computer and slave of two parts, lower machine to use the Siemens STEP 7 programming software, the PC is used Configuration software is
12、 made. Through the Siemens S7-300 series PLC to achieve. In addition, the use of the Siemens MR440 series inverter on the stirring speed motor control and regulation, and thermal resistance, liquid level sensors, data acquisition equipment on site. It also includes on-site collection to the signal p
13、arameters such as the standardization process. Finally, the design of the production line to be the largest automated, systematic monitoring, the mixing process to the frequency band from the industrial automation, control levels of wealth, to achieve site control Heyuan Cheng control, and to improv
14、e the efficiency of milk production, but also the quality of milk products provides a powerful guarantee! Key words: S7-300 PLC； Inverter； WINCC； Stir milk目 录一、绪论.1二、奶罐搅拌控制系统.22.1 奶罐搅拌控制系统控制要求.22.2 可编程控制器介绍.42.2.1 PLC 的特点 .42.2.2 PLC 的应用 .52.3 软件介绍.62.3.1 STEP7 软件 .62.3.2 WinCC 软件.8三、控制层系统设计.93.1 硬件部分.93
