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1、摘 要办公自动化(Office Automation，简称 OA)一词从八十年代中期在国内提出，十几年来，办公自动化从以数据为处理中心的传统 MIS 系统发展为今天以工作流为中心的办公自动化系统,有了长足的进步。然而，在实际的应用当中，成功的案例却并不多见。甚至到目前为止，很多单位在办公自动化建设过程中，也常常陷入了“信息化陷阱”当中。我们经常会听到用户抱怨开发者开发几年都没有开发出一套完善的系统。而开发者却抱怨用户在开发前提不出明确的需求，在开发中途又频频地改变需求。于是，开发者便不断地修改程序，以应付不断变化的需求。从而使 OA 的开发便陷入了“需求不断变化、软件不断修改、周期不断延长、效
2、果难以预料”的尴尬局面。2002 年年底，我供职的包头市财政信息中心为财政局局里建立了一套NOTES 版本的 C/S 架构办公自动化系统。经过两年的使用，效果并不是很好，主要是很难满足复杂的公文流转。因此决定重新开发一套能够用以处理其内部复杂繁重的公文处理业务的办公自动化系统，并于 2005 年立项。此项目的总体实施由信息中心统一领导、协调，与清华同方公司共同进行软件设计和开发实现。本人主要负责设计和实现软件中的公文流转的工作流定义。经过对我局日常公文处理工作的充分调研，深入了解了业务处理流程、归纳总结各种需求后提出： 本软件需要解决的主要内容是对灵活结构办公系统的调研和开发，实现用户对系统的
3、适用性要求，并要求本软件具有较好的通用性，并通过友好的 Web 界面实现软件的所有操作。系统通过对关系型数据库的操作实现了对办公系统的灵活设置。本文首先介绍了灵活办公自动化系统开发的背景，接下来对其总体结构、工作流程、工作模式进行了分析、说明，然后主要论述了工作流定义的分析、设计和实现，最后总结了开发软件中的经验和不足，提出进一步调整、改进公文流转软件的一些设想。关键字：灵活结构, B/S 结构系统,RBAC,OMG,RADIMPLEMENTATION OF FLEXIBLE STRUCTUREOFFICE AUTOMATION WORKFLOWABSTRACTIn the last deca
4、de, Office Automation (OA as the shortened form) has grow dramatically into process-flow-focused system since the inception of office automation in china in the middle of 1980s when office automation was widely accepted as MIS focus on data process. But there are few successful completion of Office
5、Automation in practical scene. Current effort in Office Automation development is struggling with “Information Chaos” .We all frequently heard of customers complaining about technicians who cannot have the system done in a matter of months or even years while engineers object that customers cannot a
6、ddress an definition of requirement in the first stage of “requirements analysis“, even cannot address it during “system implementation“- the second stage of building an office automation solution. So programmers have to frequently add new technologies to meet customers evolving needs and execution
7、of office automation application is confronted with problemsof “ever changing implementation due to rapidly changing needs of customers, extension of timeline, and unpredictable performance of application system“.Baotous Finance Information Center which I work for set up an office automation system
8、(NOTES Edition) based on C/S for Finance Bureau. This system cant meet the complicated transfer of document. There is no well effect throughout two years use. So we decide to develop a new office automation system which can deal with the complex and heavy document operation and establish project at
9、2005. This project is led and corresponded by Information Center, designed and developed with Tsinghua TONGFANG Company. I take charge the design and implement of the transfer of documents Workflow definition.Through the sufficient research of the Bureaus daily document operation，we conclude all nee
10、ds and then put forward the main problem which needs this system to solve. It is achieving users applicability need, having well currency, and implement all operation via friendly Web interface.Configuring agility to office system come true by operating the relational database. This paper organized
11、as follows: fist part gives the background of flexible structure office systems development. Then analyses and explains the architecture, work flow, work pattern, discusses the design and implement of Workflow definition and document transmittal. Last part we conclude the experience and shortage of
12、software developing, and propose some imagination for improving the system.KEYWORDS： flexible structure, B/S structure system, RBAC, OMG, RAD目 录第一章 绪论.11. 1 引言.1 1.2 系统开发的背景和意义.1第二章 灵活结构办公自动化平台和工作流概述.42.1 灵活结构办公自动化平台概述.4 2.1.1 使用灵活结构办公的原因.4 2.1.2 灵活结构办公自动化的探索.5 2.1.3 现有的办公系统的分析.6 2.1.4 系统构架设计基本原则.8 2.2 工作流概述 .10第三章 软件概论.123.1 软件结构和技术手段.12 3.2 软件特点及软件环境.
