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1、Page 1 of 10RAWS - NFDRS REVIEW CHECKLIST (3/2005)Unit - _ Date - _Station -_Key Code: E = Exceeds Standard, M = Meets Standards, NI = Needs Improvement, NR = Not Reviewed1) Station Siting DescriptionCodeReview Comments The standard fire weather station should be located in a large, open area away f
2、rom obstructions and sources of dust and surface moisture. The station should be on level ground where there is a low vegetative cover. Furthermore, it should be situated to receive full sun for the greatest possible number of hours per day during the fire season. If located on a slope, a south or w
3、est exposure is required to meet fire danger rating standards. Standards - The following rules should govern the location of a standard fire weather station: 1.Locate the station/s in a place that is representative of the conditions existing in the general area of concern. Consider vegetative cover
4、type, topographic features, elevation, climate, local weather patterns, etc. 2.Select a site that will provide for long-term operation and a relatively unchanged exposure. Consider site development plans, e.g., roads, buildings, parking areas; ultimate sheltering by growth of vegetation; and site ac
5、cessibility during the intended operational period. 3. Arrange the station so as to provide data that is representative of the specific area in which the station is situated. Consider exposure requirements for each instrument in relation to such things as prevailing winds, movement of the sun, topog
6、raphy, vegetative cover, nearby reflective surfaces, and wind obstructions.In accordance with the above rules, the following situations have been avoided when selecting a station site:1.Sources of dust such as roads and parking areas. If unavoidable, locate station at least 100 feet on the windward
7、side of the source. 2.Sources of surface moisture such as irrigated lawns, pastures, gardens, lakes, swamps, and rivers. If unavoidable, locate station several hundred feet to the windward side of the source. 3.Large reflective surfaces such as white painted buildings. The same holds for natural ref
8、lective surfaces such as lakes, ponds, canals, and large Page 2 of 10rock surfaces. If unavoidable, locate station on north side, but far enough away so as not to be artificially shaded or influenced (at least a distance equal to the height of the reflective surface or 50 feet, whichever is greater)
9、. 4.Extensively paved or blacktopped areas. If unavoidable, locate station at least 50 feet to the windward side. 5.Large buildings, trees, and dense vegetation. Locate station so that any obstructions to wind speed are mitigated according to the guidance in the Weather Station Handbook an Interagen
10、cy Guide for Wildland Managers, PMS 426-2, pages 66 and 67. 6. Distinct changes in topography such as gullies, peaks, ridges, steep slopes, and narrow valleys.2) Station Operation Period and Sensors Required to Meet NFDRS Standards DescriptionCodeReview Comments OPERATIONAL PERIOD - The optimal oper
11、ating period for all weather stations used for the NFDRS is year-round. However, the minimum operational period is dictated by the following:1.A minimum 30-day start up period prior to the need for NFDRS indices is required for each seasonal weather station to properly calibrate the model. 2.Wildlan
12、d fire season as designated by the local manager, Region, or Geographic Area Coordination Center. 3.Annual fluctuations in season length. Use of the visual greenness images available on the WFAS home page is recommended to assist the local or regional fire manager.Non-owner use. The following guidel
13、ines are recommended for any use of a weather station for NFDRS that is not owned by the user:1.Notify the station owner that you are using this station for NFDRS or other applications. 2.When a longer season is required by an adjoining unit, the non-owning user should assist in the management of th
14、at station, including any additional costs for operation or maintenance.NFDRS Stations STATION CLASSIFICATION/ OPERATIONAL STANDARDS meets the following criteria (Note: The minimum NFDRS standard is the Seasonal Data Collection Station): NFDRS Year Round Data Collection Stations1.Operates to minimum
15、 standards to support designated wildland fire season.Page 3 of 102.Operates properly in accordance with Station Maintenance Policy. * 3.Equipped with the minimum NFDRS sensor compliment required for NFDRS. 4.Meets minimum quality assurance requirements. * 5.24-hourly readings are delivered to WIMS
16、via GOES Satellite telemetry on an hourly basis 6.NFDRS calculations(changing the “R” to “O”) are processed regularly in WIMS delivering historical data to the NIFMID database. 7.(Optional) winterized rain gauge if necessary. 8.Stations stay synchronized with coordinated universal time. GPS units or WWV synchronization clocks are required
