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1、 西安建筑科技大学硕士学位论文 生态旅游资源保护的法律与政策实践生态旅游资源保护的法律与政策实践 以汉中市为例以汉中市为例 专业：环境与资源保护法学 硕士生： 刘怡珩 指导老师：丁卫 副教授 摘 要 生态旅游强调人与自然和谐发展，是更加侧重保护旅游环境的一种可持续的旅游形式。在我国，经过 20 多年的发展，生态旅游逐渐被接受并得到重视。但在旅游实践中，大多生态旅游的发展仅停留在初级阶段。由于法律规制不健全，管理监督乏力，地方政府偏重旅游的经济效益等主要问题的存在，生态旅游资源不仅没有得到充分完整的保护，反而在开发过程中遭到严重破坏，生态系统退化，景观价值减损。生态旅游仅仅作为贴在“旅游新时尚”
2、的标签被滥用，实质上却未达到真正意义生态旅游的基本要求，引发了一系列环境和社会问题，生态旅游的核心价值环境保护没有真正实现，这种不“生态”的生态旅游使得旅游发展的可持续性受到严重影响和制约。 陕西汉中市倚靠秦岭和汉江，山水俱美，更有得天独厚发展生态旅游的优势。近年来，受益于西汉高速公路的开通和基础设施条件的改善，汉中的生态旅游日益呈现繁荣势头，游客人数激增，直接带动地方 GDP 的高速增长。与此同时，汉中市生态旅游资源的保护问题也日益突出由于过度开发，监管乏力，汉中诸多旅游景区的原生态动植物、原生态水源地貌及历史人文遗迹的保护面临着严峻挑战。 本文以汉中市为例，采用法律与政策二元结构比较分析法
3、，在现有法律框架和政策体系背景下，从生态旅游资源的法律保护与政策协调两个层面着手，分析了汉中生态旅游兴起的原因及面临的发展契机，分类考察了汉中原生态动植物、原生态水源地貌、历史遗迹及人文民俗的保护状况及存在问题，梳理出汉中生态旅游资源在开发利用、保护发展过程中的法律框架与政策实践。在此基础上，评析了汉中生态旅游资源保护的法律及政策施行成效与缺陷，旨在揭示阻碍汉中生西安建筑科技大学硕士学位论文 态旅游资源保护的根本问题。试图构建以法律保护与政策支持为基本框架的生态旅游资源保护体系，解决汉中生态旅游资源保护与地区旅游经济发展之间的难题，实现自然环境资源与旅游经济发展的和谐统一，以期对我国生态旅游资
4、源保护中的法律政策构建提供可借鉴的经验，实现本文的研究目的与价值。 关键词：生态旅游；生态旅游资源；法律保护；政策支持 关键词：生态旅游；生态旅游资源；法律保护；政策支持 西安建筑科技大学硕士学位论文 The Laws and Policy Practice of Eco-tourism Resource Protection - with Hanzhong City for Example Specialty: Environmental Resource Protection Law Name: Liu YiHeng Instructor: Asso.Prof Ding Wei ABSTR
5、CT Eco-tourism emphasizes the harmonious development between man and nature, that is a sustainable form of tourism which is pay more attention to the protection of the tourism environment. After more than 20 years of development,eco-tourism is gradually being accepted and receive attention in China.
6、 However, most of the development of eco-tourism only remain in the primary stage in the tourist practice. As the unsound legal regulation, weak management and supervision, and local government emphasis on the presence of the economic benefits of tourism, eco-tourism resources not only did not get t
7、he full and complete protection, but was severely damaged during the development process, lead to the degradation of ecosystems and derogation of landscape value. Eco-tourism is abused only as a label attached to the new tourist fashion ,that did not reached the true sense of the basic requirements
8、of eco-tourism in fact, that triggers a series of social problems. Environmental protection, the he core values of the eco-tourism is not really achieve. Such “ecological“ eco-tourism make the sustainability of tourism development have been seriously affected and constraints. Hanzhong City of Shaanx
9、i province, leaning on the Qinling Mountains and the Han -River, with beautiful landscapes as the great advantage for developing eco-tourism. In recent years, benefited from the opening of the Western Han Expressway and infrastructure improvement in the conditions of Hanzhong, eco-tourism is increas
10、ingly showing the momentum of prosperity. The increased number of tourists directly 西安建筑科技大学硕士学位论文 contributing to the rapid growth of the local GDP. At the same time, the protection of the eco-tourism resources problem in Hanzhong City is increasingly prominent.Due to over-exploitation and inadequa
11、te supervision, the protection of many original ecological flora and fauna, water resources and geomorphology is facing the serious challenges in Hanzhong. Hanzhong as an example, this article build a framework by comparing laws and policies to analyze. In the context of existing legal framework and
12、 policy system, proceed with two levels of the legal protection of the eco-tourism resources and policy coordination, and classify the eco-tourism resources in Hanzhong to explore the protection issues about the ecological flora and fauna, the original ecological water landscape, historical and cult
13、ural folk. Combing the present legal and policy practice of ecological tourism resources protection in the development and utilization. On this basis, commenting the effectiveness of the implementation and defects of policies and laws of ecotourism resource protection in Hanzhong., to reveal the fun
14、damental problem which obstruct the protection of eco-tourism resources and analyze what reasons caused this problem. On this basis, it is trying to build a basic protection system of legal and policy that is to resolve the problem of the eco-tourism resources protection and achieve harmony and unit
15、y of natural environment and tourism economy, in order to provide the good experience in the protection of in China and realize the value of this study. Keyword：Eco-tourism; Ecological tourism resources; Legal protection; Policy support 西安建筑科技大学硕士学位论文 I目录 1绪论1绪论 .1 1.1 研究背景.1 1.2 研究意义.2 1.2.1 理论意义.2 1.2.2 现实意义.2 1.3 研究现状.3 1.3.1 国外研究现状.3 1.3.2 国内研究现状.4 1.4
