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1、电子商务下的物流管理研究 I 摘 要 随着互联网在我国的广泛运用，电子商务这一交易形式也日益兴盛起来，并受到社会各界的广泛关注。与此同时，物流环节的实施在电子商务中的制约作用也突显出来。 本文从分析制约电子商务发展的诸多原因入手，就主要制约电子商务发展的“瓶颈”物流问题展开讨论。物流作为企业的“第三利润源”已经得到工业发达国家的高度重视。目前，我国企业对物流管理也越来越重视，在理论界，有关物流的研究正在如火如荼的开展。本文先对物流及物流管理作了简明的概述，然后从管理的角度出发，分析了我国物流发展的现状，认为在我国企业物流发展中取得了一定成就，但也存在许多问题，主要是：基础设施建设落后；物流各职
2、能分散，企业没有将物流真正提到战略层面上来进行管理；缺乏物流管理人才；物流技术落后等。在众多问题中，笔者认为物流战略管理的不足是我国企业物流发展中存在的主要问题，因此，笔者从企业物流战略研究出发，提出我国企业在发展物流时应首先架构企业物流战略框架，然后逐步提高物流信息化水平，协调部门间利益冲突，寻求全球市场，选择适当的物流模式等。本文重点是对企业物流业务模式的选择进行了较详细的研究，认为根据我国物流业现状，我国企业宜按渐进式原则，逐步采用协同化业务模式、第三方物流模式和第四方物流模式最终实现物流一体化即集团化的物流模式，并进一步就我国企业物流模式的现实选择进行了探讨，认为企业物流模式的选择应根
3、据企业的具体情况而定，对我国大部分企业来说，协同化物流模式和第三方物流模式是比较适合企业需求的。因为大部分企业都具有一定的物流设施，但物流管理却相对落后，导致物流设施闲置情况严重，采用协同化物流能充分利用物流资源，既优化了物流资源又能为企业创利；采用第三方物流模式，剥离不良物流资产，使企业能够全力投入到核心业务的经营上来，同时也摆脱了物流的负担。只有真正具有实力，而且物流业务对企业影响很大时才选择自营模式。最后，对物流的几个主要功能：运输、库存、装卸、信息、成本等的管理进行了研究，并分别指出相应的管理方法。作为总结，在文章的最后，根据我国的实际情况提出了几点建议： 加大政府对物流业成长的作为；
4、提高企业物流意识；要实现对企业物流的系统管理；改进业务运作模式,提高企业规范化程度；加速物流技术的更新改造，提高企业物电子商务下的物流管理研究 II流系统的技术素质；建立健全先进的企业物流管理信息系统；深化改革，体制创新；学习借鉴国外物流先进经验；加强物流人才队伍建设。 关键词：电子商务；物流管理；物流战略管理；物流业务模式 电子商务下的物流管理研究 III ABSTRACT With the application of Internet in our country, E-commerce has sprung day by day and has received the extensi
5、ve concerns of the various circles of society. Meanwhile, the restriction function of logistics in e-commerce has comes out conspicuously, too. This text starts with analysis that restricts a great deal of reasons why e-commerce develops, restrict “ bottleneck “ of e-commerce development mainly -Org
6、anize discussion in logistics question. The logistics has already got great attention of industry-developed country as “ the third profit source “ of enterprises. At present, enterprises of our country have paid more and more attention to logistics management too. On the theory circle, the research
7、about the logistics is in the development like a raging fire. This text gave a concise summary to logistics and logistics management firstly, then proceeded from the angle of management and analyzed the current situation of logistics development of our country. It has achieved great achievement and
8、there are still some problems. They are mainly the backwardness of the infrastructure construction, scattered logistics function, enterprise has not really managed it on strategic level, and the techniques are out of date. Among those questions, the deficiency of the logistics is the main one. I thi
9、nk, from the angle of enterprises logistics strategic research, enterprises of our country should build up the strategic frame of enterprises logistics at first, then improve the information-based level of the logistics gradually, coordinate the interdepartmental interests conflict, seek the global
10、market and choose the proper logistics mode. This article has put the emphasis on the choice of enterprises logistics business mode especially, I think, according to logistics industrys current situation of our country, enterprises of our country should take the progressive principle, take mode of b
11、usiness and the third party logistics and the four party logistics, and finally realize it integrated. This article has discussed the reality of enterprises logistics mode of our country, the choice should depend on concrete conditions of enterprises, because to most enterprises of our country, the
12、combination of the logistics mode and the third partys logistics mode are relatively suitable for enterprises demand. Because these enterprise have certain logistics facilities, but the logistics management lags behind relatively, which caused logistics facilities to be unused seriously. Adopting th
13、e logistics of melting can fully utilize those resources as well as create value for 电子商务下的物流管理研究 IVenterprise. Adopting the third partys logistics mode can strip bad logistics assets and let enterprises put their emphasis on the key business, and get rid of the burden of the logistics at the same t
14、ime. Only really have strength and exert a tremendous influence on the logistics business can the enterprise choose the self-operation mode. Finally, the articles discussed and proposed resolutions separately to several main functions of the logistics such as the management of transport, stock, load
15、ing and unloading, information, cost, etc. At the end of the article, have proposed some suggestions according to the actual conditions of our country as a summary: such as strengthen the government to conduct the logistics, improve enterprises logistics consciousness, realize the system management
16、to enterprises logistics, improve the operation mode of the business, improve enterprises standardized degree, accelerate the renovating of logistics technology, improve the technological quality of enterprises logistics system, set up and amplify the advanced management information system of enterprise logistics, deepen reform, innovate system , study and use the advanced experience of the foreign logistics for reference, strengthen the logistics talents building. Key Word
