《高考英语第一轮总复习课件:语法专项突破五》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《高考英语第一轮总复习课件:语法专项突破五(83页珍藏版)》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、五、非谓语动词考点整合各个击破经典品味经典品味考点一 非谓语动词作状语1(2011高考北京卷)Sit down,Emma.You will only make yourself more tired,_ on your feet.Ato keep BkeepingChaving kept Dto have kept解析:选选B。本题题考查查非谓语动词谓语动词 。句意:坐下,Emma。站着只会让让你更加劳劳累。逻辑逻辑 主语语you与keep之间间为为主动动关系,所以选择选择 B项项,现现在分词词作伴随状语语。A、D两项为项为 不定式,通常表示目的,所以排除;C项为项为现现在分词词的完成式,不表
2、示伴随,故排除。2(2011高考四川卷)Simon made a big bamboo box_the little sick bird till it could fly.Akeep BkeptCkeeping Dto keep解析:选选D。考查查不定式作目的状语语。句意:西蒙做了一个大的竹盒子,用来装那只生病的小鸟鸟,直到它能飞飞翔。从语语境看,这这里用不定式作目的状语语,因此选选D。3(2011高考陕陕西卷)More highways have been built in China,_ it much easier for people to travel from one place
3、 to another.Amaking BmadeCto make Dhaving made解析:选选A。本题题考查查非谓语动词谓语动词 。句意:在中国修建了更多的高速公路,这这就使人们们更容易从一个地方到另一个地方去。空格处处非谓语动词逻辑谓语动词逻辑上的主语语是逗号前面的内容,和非谓谓语动词语动词 之间间是主动动关系,可排除B项项;C项为动词项为动词 不定式,通常表示目的,表出乎意料的结结果时时前面通常加only或never,所以排除C项项;make表达的动动作并非发发生在谓语动谓语动 作之前,不用完成形式,故排除D,选选A,making it much easier for people
4、 to travel.which makes it much easier for people to travel.。4(2011高考安徽卷)Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier _ into small pieces.Abreak BbreakingCbroken Dto break解析:选选D。句意:汤汤姆问问糖果制造商他们们是否可以把巧克力制作得更容易弄碎些。本题题考查查非谓语动词谓语动词 。beeasy/difficult/hard.后常跟不定式的主动动形式表示被动动意义义,故答案为为D项
5、项。1不定式作状语语不定式作状语时语时 相当于一个状语语从句。不定式作状语时语时 往往用来作目的状语语、结结果状语语或原因状语语。要点浓缩要点浓缩(1)不定式用来作目的状语语:作目的状语语时时,不定式的逻辑逻辑 主语语通常也是全句的主语语,这这里往往译译作“为为了,想要”。(2010高考江西卷)There were many talented actors out there just waiting to be discovered.很多有天赋赋的演员员就在那里等待被发现发现。Why are the students working so hard these days?To get rea
6、dy for the coming entrance examination.这这些天学生们为们为 什么那么努力学习习呢?为为了准备备即将来临临的入学考试试。(2)不定式用于so.as to.;such.as to;enough to;too.to;only to等结结构中作结结果状语语。Would you be so kind as to lend me your bicycle?你能不能行行好,借给给我你的自行车车?He is such a fool as to think that his strange behaviour can inflect others.他如此愚蠢以至于认为认为
7、 他奇怪的行为为会影响他人。He hurried to the booking office only to have been told all the tickets had been sold out.他匆忙去了售票处处,结结果被告知所有的票已经卖经卖 完了。上句中“onlyto do”表示出乎意料的结结果,tell和主语语He 之间间存在动宾动宾关系,因而应应用不定式的被动结动结 构。而现现在分词词作结结果状语则语则 表示自然而然的结结果。A powerful earthquake struck Japan,leaving tens of thousands homeless and
8、buried in ruins.日本发发生了强烈地震,造成了成千上万的人无家可归归和被埋在废废墟中。2现现在分词词作状语语(1)动词动词 的 ing短语语作状语语表示在进进行某一动动作的同时时所进进行的另一动动作,它对谓语动词对谓语动词 起修饰饰和陪衬衬的作用。动词动词 的 ing形式作状语语可以表示时间时间 、原因、条件、让让步、结结果、方式或伴随情况。(2010高考江西卷)The lady walked around the shops,keeping an eye out for bargains.这这位女士在商店周围闲围闲 逛,注意看有没有特价商品。My car was caught
9、in a traffic jam,thus causing the delay.我的车车碰上了交通阻塞,所以延误误了。(结结果)As the light turned green,I stood for a moment,not moving,and asked myself what I was going to do.当交通路灯变绿变绿 灯时时,我站了一会儿,一动动不动动,自问问要做什么事。(伴随)(2)现现在分词词有:一般式、被动动式、完成式和完成被动动式四种形式,每一种形式的否定式都是直接在前面加not构成。一般式(doing)表示主动动的一般性的动动作或者正在进进行的动动作;被动动式
10、(being done)表示正在进进行的被动动的动动作;完成式(having done)表示发发生在谓谓语动语动 作之前的主动动的动动作;完成被动动式(having being done)表示发发生在谓语动谓语动 作之前的被动动的动动作。Not having received a reply,he decided to write again.没有得到答复,他决定再写信去。Having been scolded many times,he determined to study hard to catch up with others.多次被批评评之后,他决定努力学习习赶上其他人。3过过去分词
11、词作状语语(1)过过去分词词作状语语和现现在分词词作状语语一样样,修饰饰主句的谓语动词谓语动词 ,意义义上相当于状语语从句,表示时间时间 、原因、条件、伴随状况等。(2009高考江西卷)Given the right kind of training,these teenager soccer players may one day grow into international stars.如果得到正确的训练训练 ,这这些少年足球选选手有朝一日可能成为为国际际明星。(2009高考福建卷)Reminded not to miss the flight at 1520,the manager s
12、et out for the airport in a hurry.由于被提醒不要错过错过 1520的航班,他匆忙出发发去了机场场。(2)某些动词动词 的过过去分词词已经经形容词词化,且往往用于一些系表结结构中。此时这时这 些过过去分词词既不表示被动动,也不表示完成,而表示一种状态态,这样这样 的词词有:lost(迷路的),seated(坐),hidden(躲躲),lost/absorbed in(沉溺于),dressed in(穿着),tired of(感到厌厌倦)等,不管它们们作什么成分都不用其 ing形式。Lost in the mountains for a week,we were
13、finally saved by the local police.在大山里迷失一个星期,我们们最终终被当地警察所救。Absorbed in his book,he didnt notice me enter the room.专专心读书读书 ,他没注意到我进进入房间间。4现现在分词词和过过去分词词作状语语的区别别:如果是意义义上的主谓谓关系,一般用动词动词 ing形式;如果是意义义上的动宾动宾 关系,则则一般用过过去分词词。Seen from the top of the hill,the park looks even more beautiful.从山顶顶上看,这这个公园显显得更加美丽丽
14、。(see与主语语the park之间间存在动宾动宾关系)Seeing from the top of the hill,we find the park even more beautiful.从山顶顶上看,我们发现这们发现这 个公园显显得更加美丽丽。(see与主语语we之间间存在主谓谓关系)经典品味经典品味考点二 非谓语动词作定语1(2011高考湖南卷)The ability _ an idea is as important as the idea itself.AExpressing BexpressedCto express Dto be expressed解析:选选C。考查查非谓语
15、动词谓语动词 作定语语。句意:表达观观点的能力与观观点本身同等重要。“做某事的能力”应该应该 表达为为“the ability to do sth.”,故选选C项项。2(2011高考福建卷)Tsinghua University,_in 1911,is home to a great number of outstanding figures.Afound BfoundingCfounded Dto be founded解析:选选C。本题题考查查非谓语动词谓语动词 作定语语。句意:清华华大学,创办创办 于1911年,是许许多杰出人物的母校。首先排除found,因为为found作“创办创办 ”讲
16、讲时时,为动词为动词 原形,不是非谓语动词谓语动词 ;被修饰词饰词 Tsinghua University与found (创办创办 )为为被动动关系,故排除B项项;C项项表被动动且完成;D项项表将来。根据题题意可知C项为项为 正确答案。founded in 1911在句中相当于非限制性定语语从句which was founded in 1911。3(2011高考江西卷)On receiving a phone call from his wife _ she had a fall,Mr.Gordon immediately rushed home from his office.Asays BsaidCsaying Dto say解析:选选C。本题题考查查非谓语动词谓语动词 。句意:一接