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1、PO-01 5 例儿童外伤性胰腺炎非手术治疗的护理 刘晓文, 刘晓文, 甘红霞 武汉市儿童医院普外科 430016 目的目的 总结了 5 例儿童外伤性胰腺炎非手术治疗的护理要点。 方法方法 对 5 例 I、II 级外伤性胰腺炎非手术治疗的患儿实施监测血尿淀粉酶,及时完成血标本的采集及 运送,重视胃肠道管理,每班注意保持胃肠减压管通畅,保证有效的负压,妥善固定,防止扭曲、 打折、受压,以免影响减压效果,所有患儿禁食期间给予全肠外营养,在减少胰、胃分泌的同时, 可 保证机体的能量需求。观察患儿腹部体征,护理人员要积极配合医生,耐心询问家属及患儿受伤部 位及经过,对于上腹部挤压伤,撞击伤尤其应引起注
2、意,以鼓励性语言减轻患儿对治疗的恐惧,增 添患儿的治疗信心,对于可能发生的并发症,鼓励家长积极面对,取得他们的理解和配合,努力帮 助减轻家属的的心理负担,加强心理护理,对患儿及家属做好出院指导和随访工作等护理措施。 结果结果 经过精心治疗和护理,5 例患儿住院 720d 均痊愈出院。随访 2 个月至 3 年,4 例患儿未出现 并发症, 1 例出院 1 个月后出现胰腺假性囊肿, CT 提示囊肿直径 4cm, 经对症治疗, 囊肿自行吸收, 随访 1 年未再复发。 结论结论 I、 II 级胰腺外伤应首选非手术治疗,护理人员做好细致的观察和护理工作能有效掌握病情的动态 发展,及时发现胰腺假性囊肿等并发
3、症,可以有效提高本病的治愈率。 PO-02 既往上腹部手术史行腹腔镜胆总管囊肿根治术体会 尹强, 周小渔, 刘朝阳, 戴翼, 袁妙贤, 陈立健 湖南省儿童医院 410007 目的目的 探讨腹腔镜胆总管囊肿根治术在既往有上腹部手术史患者中的可行性及特点。 方法方法 收集 2012 年 2 月至 2015 年 2 月我院收治的既往有上腹部手术史且需行腹腔镜胆总管囊肿根 治术的病例 15 例,四孔法手术,在腹腔镜的下进行分离粘连及腹腔探查,进而行胆总管囊肿彻底切 除肝管空肠 Roux-en-Y 吻合术。 结果结果 中转开腹手术 4 例,余患者均在腹腔镜下完成了手术,所有患者均康复出院。 结论结论 采
4、用腹腔镜技术治疗既往有上腹部手术史的患者是安全有效的,但需要外科医师有丰富的腔镜 外科手术经验。 PO-03 Comparison of different noninvasive diagnostic methods for biliary atresia: a meta-analysis jinpeng He, Jie-Xiong Feng, Jing-Fan Shao, Xxiao-Lin Wang, Hong-Yi Zhang Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazho
5、ng University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Background This study was undertaken to retrospectively analyze the accuracy of different methods in differentiating biliary atresia from neonatal jaundice. Methods A search was made in MEDLINE, and the Web of Science for relevant original articl
6、es published in English; methodological quality of the included studies was also assessed. Two reviewers extracted data independently. Studies were pooled, Summary receiver operating characteristics (SROC) curve and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) with corresponding confidence intervals (CIs) were calcu
7、lated. Results For diagnosis of biliary atresia, ultrasonography (US), hepatic scintigraphy (HBS), and magnetic resonance cholangiography (MRCP) had a pooled sensitivity of 74.9% (range 70.4%-79.1%), 93.4% (range 90.3%-95.7%) and 89.7% (range 84.8%-93.4%), a specificity of 93.4% (range 91.4%-95.1%),
8、 69.2% (range 65.1%-73.1%) and 64.7% (range 58.0%-71.0%), LR+ of 12.16 (range 6.41-23.08), 3.01 (range 2.15-4.20) and 3.10 (range 1.596.06), LR of 0.23 (range 0.13-0.38), 0.13 (range 0.06-0.25) and 0.16 (range 0.060.44), DOR of 72.56 (range 27.34-192.58), 29.88(range 12.82-69.64) and 32.48 (range 8.
9、22-128.29), with an AUC of 0.96, 0.91, and 0.92 and Q of 0.90, 0.85, and 0.85, respectively. Conclusions US, HBS and MRCP can be very useful for the diagnostic work-up of neonatal cholestasis. To improve the sensitivity and specificity, several measures can be used. PO-04 胆道闭锁患儿肝内胆管 T 细胞和调节性 T 细胞浸润及
10、意义 李康 华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院小儿外科 430022 目的目的 研究胆道闭锁患儿肝组织中 T 细胞和调节性 T 细胞(Foxp3+ Treg)比例变化。 方法方法 采用免疫组织化学方法和流式细胞术观察和检测 23 例胆道闭锁患儿组(BA 组)和 12 例对照 组患儿(CG 组)肝组织中 T 细胞分布情况以及 T 细胞和 Foxp3+ Treg 细胞比例关系。 结果结果 免疫组织化学染色显示 BA 肝脏汇管区胆管周围有大量的 T 细胞和一定程度的 Foxp3+Treg 细胞浸润。流式细胞术显示胆道闭锁肝组织中 T 细胞与 Foxp3+ Treg 细胞比例明显高于对照组 (P100
11、0) were retained for further consideration. And 6 plasma miRNAs whose sequencing reads were more than 5000 were selected for qRT-PCR analysis on an independent set from 44 BA patients, 20 DCs and 20 HCs. Following qRT-PCR analysis, we were able to confirm the significant up-regulated of 2 miRNAs (mi
12、R-122-5p and miR100-5p) and significant down-regulated of 2 miRNAs (miR-140-3p and miR126-3p) in BA patients compared to HCs, only miR-140-3p was significantly decreased in BA patients in comparison to DCs and HCs. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of miR-140-3p in the evaluation of 44 BA populatio
13、n and 40 no-BA population was 0.75, specificity was 79.1%, and sensitivity was 66.7%. Target gene prediction results showed that the target genes of miR-140-3p were involved in the development and differentiation of bile duct, formation of extracellular matrix and occurrence of liver fibrosis. Concl
14、usions our results indicate that the plasma from patients with BA has a unique miRNA expression profile and miR-140-3p may be a promising diagnostic biomarker for BA. Further study contribute to understanding the pathogenesis of BA. PO-06 完全腹腔镜下胆总管囊肿根治性切除 2 例报告 何少华, 徐迪 福建省立医院儿外科 350001 目的目的 探讨总结完全经腹
15、腔镜途径根治性切除胆总管囊肿,重建胆道的手术方法。 方法方法 对 2 例确诊型胆总管囊肿的病例在腹腔镜下完成胆总管囊肿根治性切除,使用直线切割吻合 器完成空肠吻合以及肝总管空肠 Roux-en-Y 吻合。 手术步骤:全麻成功,CO2 人工气腹,首先 游离胆囊并切除胆囊,用超声刀游离暴露胆总管囊肿的前壁,切开囊肿前壁,吸出胆汁,在囊肿的 中部,横断囊肿后壁,游离到囊肿远端变细与胰管的汇合处,用 hemo-lock 夹闭胆总管远端,切除 远侧囊壁。游离近侧部分囊肿壁,至其与正常肝总管的交界处,横行切断并切除近侧囊肿。上翻横 结肠,确认 Treitz 韧带。距 Treitz 韧带 25 cm 处结扎
16、部分空肠系膜血管,以直线切割吻合器横断空 肠,将近端空肠与距断端 25cm 的远端空肠顺向侧侧重叠靠拢,重叠部分长约 4cm,重叠两端各缝 一针固定,于重叠部分两肠管相对应的对系膜缘侧肠壁分别切开约 1cm,分别置入直线切割吻合器 的钉仓座和抵钉座,完成重叠空肠侧壁的切开吻合,接着以 5-0 微乔缝线将空肠对系膜缘切开部分 缝合,完成空肠侧侧吻合。把肝枝空肠袢上提至肝门。根据肝总管的直径,切开肝空肠端对系膜缘 肠壁。然后以 5-0 PDS 缝线将肝总管与空肠肝支吻合。冲洗腹腔,留置腹腔引流。 结果结果 2 例病人均痊愈出院,术后住院时间 10 天。术后随访 6 个月,复查 B 超,患儿肝总管及肝内 胆管无扩张。无病例发生胆汁反流性胃炎及胆管炎。 结论结论 腹腔镜 Roux-en-Y肝管空肠吻合术(LRYHJ)分为全腹腔镜(CLRYHJ)和腹腔镜辅助(LARYHJ)2 种术式。总结 CLRYHJ 的临床研究,我们认为该技术的术后并发症少,患儿恢复快