《英语四级考试资料ppt-写作经典替换词》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《英语四级考试资料ppt-写作经典替换词（63页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、大学英语四级写作评分标准 大学英语四级考试大纲要求：考试时间为30分钟 ，至少120词的短文。 试卷上可以给出题目，或规定情境，或要求看图作文 ，或给出段首句要求续写，或给出题目以及中文提纲 要求写短文，或给出关键词要求写成短文。 写作要求切题，能正确表达思想，意义连贯，条理通 顺，无重大语言错误。写作内容包括日常生活和一般 常识。 如果达不到规定的词数，酌情扣19分。其中，题目所 给的起始句，主题句，结束句不计入所写的总字数。 如果题目要求写三段式作文，只写一段为04分，两段 为09分，文不对题或只有孤立的几个词，无法表达思 想的为0分。 四级考试中，写作在百分制中满分为15分，其阅卷 标准
2、共分为五等：2，5，8，11，14。各分数段的 具体标准如下： 2条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎，大部 分句子均有错误，且多数为严重错误。 5基本切题，表达思想不清楚，连贯性差，有 较多的语言错误。 8基本切题, 有些地方表达思想不够清楚。文字 勉强连贯。语言错误相当多，其中有一些是严重错 误。 11切题, 表达思想清楚，文字连贯。但有少量 语言错误。 14切题，表达思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性较 好，基本上没有语言错误，仅有个别小错误。 2段落组织 （1）开头段落 首段要引人入胜，并帮助读者抓住要领，易于领会 全文；开头方法有： 引用名人名言；如： As the proverb goes；
3、It goes without saying that； There is no denying that； As everyone knows 数字统计；如： According to a recent survey, about 789% of the college students wanted to further their study after their graduation； A recent study shows that 描述现象现状；如： With the reform of Chinese higher education, more and more colle
4、ges and universities put emphasis on； Nowadays, some famous universities have become a hot tourist attraction. 对立观点陈述; 如： Some people believe that while others argue that （2）主体段落 主体段落由三部分组成，也就是主题句 (topic sentence) ，推展句 (supporting statement) 和结论 句 (concluding statement) 。 主题句概括段落的主要内容，它不仅确定段落的主题 ，而且
5、限制该主题在本段落详细讨论的范围。因此主 题句是整个段落的纲领。 推展句是对主题句的论证，解释和说明，是每段的主 体部分。只有写好了推展句才能使文章言之有理，具 有说服力。在文章写作中，推展句的多少，长短要适 中。既要把思想内容表达清楚，叙述翔实，又要注意 简明扼要，重点突出。句与句之间应脉络清晰，相辅 相成。 结论句是用来标志段落的结束，同时向读者提供记忆 的要点。但并非所有的段落句都是总结句。 主体段落的写作方法有举例论证段、对比比较段、因 果分析段、利弊分析段等。 举例论证段落。 通过举出典型事例来解释作者观点，且事例可多可少 。例如： There are cases in which
6、people have to trade goods for the things they need. For example, a person who needs something badly and happens to be penniless, what should he do? A good solution for him is to trade the goods he has for the things he needs. For another example, a person needs something and its owner is reluctant
7、to sell it unless he gets the thing he wants. In such case, the person has to trade goods for what he needs. 举例论证中常用的连接词有for example (instance) , such as, takefor example, besides, furthermore, moreover, what is more, in addition等。 举例论证中常用的句型有： A good case in point is. As an illustration, we may tak
8、e. Such examples might be given easily. . is often cited as an example. 对比法或比较段。 将同类事物按照某种特定的规则进行比较分析，通过 对比更容易阐述所述对象之间的异同和优缺点。例如 ： The heart of an electronic computer lies in its vacuum tubes or transistors. Its electronic circuits work thousand times faster than the nicer cells in the human brain.
9、A problem that might take a human being a long time to solve can be solved by a computer in one minute. 常用于比较或对比的连接过渡词: more than， compared with，in contrast with，asas，be similar to，similarly，the same as，just like，just as 等。写作必备经典替换词 1、代替important: significant, vital, main, crucial, momentous , it ma
10、kes a great difference that, be of importance, play an important role in 2、代替more and more: Increasing(ly)， growing。（注意没有growingly这种形式 。所以当修饰名词时用increasing/growing. 修饰形容词，副词用increasingly） eg. Sth has gained growing popularity. Sth is increasingly popular with the advancement of sth. 3、代替think的短语：har
11、bor the idea that， take the attitude that， hold the view that， it is widely shared that， it is universally acknowledged that, personally speaking 代替think的单词：believe, assume, claim, argue, suppose，deem, reckon, consider, guess 4. an army of，an ocean of，a sea of，a multitude of ，many a(后跟单数名词），if not m
12、ost代替many。 停于此 注：用many，if not most一定要小心，many后一定 要有词 eg. Many individuals，if not most，harbor the idea that. 同理用most，if not all ，代替most。 5、代替good: positive，favorable，rosy( 美好的)，promising (有希望的)，perfect， pleasurable ，excellent，outstanding。 6 .代替bad : negative, dreadful， unfavorable，poor，adverse(有害的) 。
13、7、代替thing: affair ，business ，matter, issue, event。 8、 a slice of，quiet a few ，several代替 some。 9、 desire代替want。 10. 代替very:exceedingly ，extremely ，extraordinary。 11.代替like: prefer, enjoy, love, appreciate 12、代替attract ones attention: capture ones attention/heart, is a magnet to sb. 。 13、代替aspect: fac
14、et，dimension， sphere。 14、代替cause: give rise to，lead to， result in，trigger。 15. for my part，from my own perspective代替in my opinion。 16、bear in mind that代替remember。 17、frown on sth代替be against ， disagree with sth。 18、to name only a few，as an example代替for example 19、 individuals，characters，folks代替 peop
15、le ，persons。 20、 sb take interest in: sth appeals to sb，sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb。四级作文使用率最高的12个基本句式12套语 1）Its well known to us that 2）As is known to us， 3）This is a topic that is being widely talked about 4）From the graph（table，chart）listed above，it can be seen that 5）As a proverb says，“Where there is a will，there is a way例如： As is well known to us, it is important for the students to know the world outside campus The reason for this is obvious. Nowadays, the society is changing and developing rapidly, and the campus is n
