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1、 特殊句式本节目录语法精讲考点整合语法专练知能闯关语法精讲考点整合考点一 主谓谓一致1people，cattle等集体名词词作主语时语时 ，谓语动词谓语动词 必须须用复数形式， 但family，class，team，group，public等集体名词词作主语时语时 ，如果把它们们作为为一个整体看待，谓语动词应谓语动词应 用单单数形式；如果强调调的是个体成员员，谓语动词应谓语动词应 用复数形式。All my family enjoy skiing.我们们全家都喜欢欢滑雪。2如果主语语由“more than onen.”或“many an.”构成，谓语动词谓语动词 用单单数形式；如果主语语由“mo
2、re复数名词词than one”构成，谓语动词谓语动词 一般用复数形式。More than one boy likes to play basketball while many a girl is good at playing baseball.不止一个男孩喜欢欢打篮篮球然而不止一个女生擅长长打棒球。3由or，either.or.，neither.nor.，not only.but also.等连连接的并列主语语，谓语动词谓语动词 常与最近的主语语在单单复数上保持一致。Either you or your secretary has to check over the speech dra
3、ft and correct the mistakes.要么是你要么是你的秘书书必须检查须检查 一下演讲讲稿并把错误错误 改过过来。4如果主语语后面带带有as well as，as much as,no less than，along with，with，like，rather than，together with,but，except，besides，including，in addition to等引导导的短语时语时 ,句中谓语动词谓语动词 的单单复数取决于主语语的单单复数。Dr.Smith，together with his wife and daughters，is going to
4、visit Beijing this summer.Dr.Smith将在今年夏天和妻子女儿们们一起游览览北京。In my opinion，he rather than you，is to resign.依我看来，他，而不是你该该辞职职。5单单复数同形的名词词作主语时语时 ，应应根据名词词的意义义来确定谓语动词谓语动词 的单单、复数形式。Every necessary means has been used to protect milu deer which are very valuable to us.As a result，the number of the milu deer is i
5、ncreasing.用来保护对护对 于我们们来说说很珍贵贵的麋鹿的各种必要手段都已使用。因此，麋鹿的数量正在增加。6由each，every，no所修饰饰的作主语语的名词词即使有and连连接，谓语动词谓语动词 仍用单单数形式。Every boy and every girl wishes to attend the English evening party to be held on Saturday.每个女生和男生都希望参加星期六举办举办 的英语语晚会。【典例】 (2012高考陕陕西卷)The basketball coach，as well as his team，_interviewed
6、 shortly after the match for their outstanding performance.Awere BwasCis Dare【解析】 选选B。本题题考查查主谓谓一致和时态时态 。句意：那位篮篮球教练练以及他的球队队在比赛赛后不久就因为为他们们杰出的表现现而受到采访访。as well as连连接两个名词词或代词词作主语时语时，谓语动词谓语动词 的数由第一个名词词或代词词决定，本题题中as well as连连接the basketball coach与his team，the basketball coach为为第三人称单单数,故谓语动词谓语动词 用第三人称单单数形式
7、,排除A，D两项项；另外，由关键键信息shortly after the match可知动动作发发生在过过去，句子采用一般过过去时时，排除C项项。【易错错剖析】 本题题容易误选误选 A。把谓语动词谓语动词 看成了和靠近的名词词his team一致，注意：A，as well as B作主语语时时,谓语动词谓语动词 和A一致。触类类旁通1(2013甘肃肃高三联联合测试测试 )Some modern teaching equipment as well as hundreds of computers _ to ten Hope Schools in South China.Awere sent B
8、was sentChave been sent Dhad been sent解析：选选B。考查查主谓谓一致和时态时态 。句意：一些现现代化的教学设备连设备连 同成百上千台电脑电脑 被送到了华华南的十所希望学校。本句的主语语是equipment，是不可数名词词，所以谓语动词谓语动词 用单单数形式。过过去完成时时表示动动作发发生在过过去的过过去，因此D项项不恰当。2(2013银银川部分中学高三联联考)The number of people who _ exposed to secondhand smoking in public places _ up to 740 million in Chi
9、na.Ais；are Bare；areCis；is Dare；is解析：选选D。考查查主谓谓一致。分析句子成分后可知“who _exposed to secondhand smoking in public places”是定语语从句修饰饰先行词词people，谓语动词谓语动词 用复数形式are；整个句子的主语语是“The number of people”，意为为“人们们的数量”，谓语动词谓语动词 用单单数is，故D项项正确。考点二 倒装1部分倒装(1)在so/such.that.句型中，若so/such.提到句首时时。So cold was the weather that we had
10、to stay at home.天气如此冷以至于我们们不得不呆在家里。(2)hardly.when., no sooner.than.，not only.but also.等引导导两个分句时时,前一个分句用部分倒装,后一个分句不变变。Hardly had they got to the airport when the plane took off.他们刚们刚 到机场飞场飞 机就起飞飞了。Not only should we learn English，but also we should learn how to apply it to practice.我们们不但应该应该 学习习英语语而且
11、我们们应该应该 学会如何把它应应用于实实践。(3)否定副词词never，nor，not，hardly，little，seldom，scarcely，rarely及表否定意义义的介词词短语语at no time，under/in no circumstances，in no case，by no means，on no condition等置于句首时时。Little did I know that this spilled the end of my career.我一点也没想到这这会断送了我的职业职业 生涯。It is said that by no means can the student
12、s be allowed to get into this laboratory without Mr.Jacksons permission.据说说未经经Jackson先生的许许可,学生绝绝不允许进许进 入这这个实验实验 室。(4)当“only状语语(副词词、介词词短语语或从句)”置于句首时时。Only when Tom fully recovered did he go back to work.只有当汤汤姆完全恢复他才回去工作。(5)用于as引导导的让让步状语语从句中(表语语/状语语/动词动词 原形as主语语)。Quiet student as he may be，he talks a
13、lot about his favorite singers after class.尽管他是一名沉默寡言的学生，但课课后谈谈起他最喜欢欢的歌手他却滔滔不绝绝。2完全倒装(1)表示方式或方位的副词词或介词词短语语，如here，there，now，then，up，down，in，away，off，out，on the wall等，置于句首时时，完全倒装。On the top of the hill stands a temple where the old man once lived.在山顶顶上有一个这这位老人曾经经生活过过的寺庙庙。For a moment nothing happened.
14、Then came voices all shouting together.那会儿，什么都没发发生。之后大家一起欢欢呼起来。(2)表语语连连系动词动词 主语语(表语语可以是:形容词词、介词词短语语、现现在分词词、过过去分词词)Present at the meeting were Professor White，Professor Smith and many other guests.出席会议议的有怀怀特教授、史密斯教授还还有许许多其他客人。【典例1】 (2012高考辽辽宁卷)Not until he retired from teaching three years ago _ havi
15、ng a holiday abroad.Ahe had considered Bhad he consideredChe considered Ddid he consider【解析】 选选D。考查查倒装。表达否定意义义的连词连词 短语语位于句首时时运用部分倒装，因此可以排除A、C两项项。再分析句子结结构可知，本空所在的是主句部分，结结合从句时态时态 可知主句用一般过过去时态时态 。句意：直到三年前从教学上退休后他才考虑虑到国外度假。诸诸如倒装、虚拟语拟语 气这样这样 的语语法题题，我们们要熟记规则记规则 。【易错错剖析】 本题题容易误选误选 B。只注意到了倒装而忽视视了时态时态 ，主从句的动动作几乎同时发时发 生，不存在时态时态 差别别。【典例2】 (2010高考江苏苏卷)Is everyone here?Not yet.Look，there _ the rest of our guests!Acome BcomesCis coming Dare coming【解析】 选选A。
