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1、384IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION, VOL. 54, NO. 2, FEBRUARY 2006Integrated Planar Multiband Antennas for Personal Communication HandsetsMarta Martnez-Vzquez, Oliver Litschke, Matthias Geissler, Dirk Heberling, Antonio M. Martnez-Gonzlez, and David Snchez-Hernndez, Member, IEEEAbstract
2、The advent of new, multistandard mobile phone de- vices is an important challenge for antenna designers, as they have toimplementintegratedantennaswithmultibandoperationwithin a volume that is rapidly shrinking. In the paper, research results concerning the input return loss, radiation characteristi
3、cs and ef-ficiency of novel internal, planar, multiband patch antennas are presented.Index TermsHandset antennas, multiband antennas, small antennas.I. INTRODUCTION THE constant evolution of the mobile phone market de- termines more stringent constraints for terminal antenna design, as the size of t
4、he terminals shrinks rapidly, while the functionalitiesofthehandsetsareeverincreased.Multibandop- eration, whichis nowadays almosta common standard, requires the useof enhancedradiating elements.Moreover,other aspects suchassmallsize,weight,andintegrationhaveagreatrelevancefor the final design, whil
5、e material and assembling costs must be kept as low as possible 1. The preferred antenna solution to deal with multistandard is- sues is the use of radiating patches with multiple resonances covering different bands, which are easily adapted to the shape of the handset, and can therefore be integrat
6、ed within the back cover. The solution has a number of advantages: terminal de- signerscanforgetabouttheantennawhendesigningtheexternal cover, the phone becomes more robust as there are no external radiating elements that could break off, and the antennas can be produced in a more cost-effective way
7、. On the other hand, the antennas must operate in two or more frequency bands, but stillbe confined within a volume that becomes ever smaller, and the chassis acquires importance in the design process. Therefore, theup-to-datemainchallengeforthemobileantennadesigneris to achieve the miniaturization
8、of the radiating structure withoutloss of efficiency while keeping an adequate input return loss (dB) within each band of operation. Coverage of GSM900, GSM1800, PCS1900 and ISM2450 bands were reported in 2, 3. multiband was achieved startingManuscript received March 4, 2005; revised July 14, 2005.
9、This work was supportedinpartbytheSpanishIndustryMinistryunderprojectreferencesFIT- 330200-2004-190 and FIT-330210-2005-2. M. Martnez-Vzquez, O. Litschke, M. Geissler, and D. Heberling are with IMST GmbH, Carl-Friedrich-Gauss-Str. 2, D-47475 Kamp-Lintfort, Germany. A. M. Martnez-Gonzlez and D. Snche
10、z-Hernndez are with Universidad Politcnica de Cartagena, Departamento de Tecnologas de la Informacin y Comunicaciones, Antiguo Cuartel de Antigones, E-30202 Cartagena, Spain (e-mail: david.sanchezupct.es, web: http:/www.gimre.upct.es).Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/TAP.2005.863402from a dual-band
11、 design consisting of a PIFA antenna with an inserted slit at its shorting strip edge, following the C-patch basic design 4. Four bands were covered with a total volume of 36169 mm and by two additional folded strips, which mainlycontrolledthehigherresonancefortheISM2450system. The additional strips
12、, however, were located at different height levels and required orthogonal plate orientation between them. A volume reduction to equal that reported in 5 was achievedin 6 for both quad- and a five-band designs. The reduction was possible by using a stub extending from the folded patch to enlarge GSM
13、900 and GSM1800 bandwidths andalsobyinsertinganadditionalfoldeddirect-feedmetalstrip, both added to the basic antenna reported in 5, which was usedas a starting point. A fifth resonance was achieved within the samevolume byinserting an additional foldeddirect-feed metal strip that was required to be
14、 orthogonal to both the main patchand the first additionalfolded metal strip. In an ultimate effort,a six-band element to also cover the GPS band is reported in 7, whereinonlyanincreasein1mminwidthcomparedtopreviousdesigns was required. Unfortunately, no efficiency figures wereprovided for any of th
15、ese quad-, five- or six-band elements. Good results for a quad-band antenna were also reported in 8, yet occupying a 38.528.58.5 mm volume. Excellent VSWRmeasuredresultswereobtainedforGSM900,GSM1800, PCS1900 and UMTS2000 with the use of a dual-band PIFA as a basic element, a wide V-shape slot and tw
16、o end-positioned foldedcapacitivepatchloadsplus threequarter-wavelengthpar- asitic shorted elements located around the main patch. Parasitic elements were shorted by shorting walls. One parasitic element helped increasing GSM900 bandwidth, while the other two helped increasing the UMTS200 band. The location of the parasitic elements, surrounding the main radiator, is the reason for the increased size in comparison to other quad-band elements available in the
