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1、第 1 页词语大辨析词语大辨析- abandon， desert， forsake， quit 含有一定的含有一定的“放弃放弃“之意之意 abandon 指完全、永远地放弃,尤指对之负有责任或义务者,放弃一个项目或计划 desert 强调故意违背自己的义务、责任或誓言等(擅离职守) forsake 指遗弃以前所爱的人或事物,着重于断绝情感上的依恋 eg.forsake ones wife and children 遗弃妻儿;forsake bad habits 摈弃坏习惯 quit 指突然或出其不意地放弃,现一般指“停止“ eg.quit work 停止工作 1.His presence of
2、 mind never deserted him.他从不失去镇静. 2.Despite some difficulties,theyre not going to abandon the plan. 尽管他们遇到了一 些困难,但并不打算放弃这个计划. 3.Quit it out!住嘴./住手. 4.Arnold Schwarzenegger has forsook the theater for politics.阿诺德施瓦辛格弃艺从 政了词语大辨析词语大辨析- accessory，decoration，ornament 都含有一定的都含有一定的“装饰品装饰品“之意之意 accessory 常
3、作 pl.指(女性的)装饰品,(手提包,些,手套,帽子,项链,耳环等) decoration 指为了装饰某物所使用的艳丽好看的装饰品 ornament 指一般装饰品(ornament 在作动词时常可和 decorate 互换) 1.The hall is decorated with flowers and flags.大厅里装饰着鲜花和旗帜.(此句也能用 ornament 替换.) 2.The Christmas tree was decorated with shinning ornaments such as colored lights and glass balls.圣诞树被一些闪亮
4、的装饰物点缀着,如彩灯和玻璃球. 3.She wore a green wool suit with matching accessories.她穿了一件绿色的羊毛套装, 佩戴着得体的首饰. 4.Can you help me to garnish a fish with slices of lemon.你能帮我在鱼上加配柠檬片吗? (garnish 多用于对烹饪、菜式的装饰,如加调味料,加配材料等) 词语大辨析词语大辨析-: accomplish，complete，end，finish 都含有“完成“之意 accomplish 指成功地完成预期的计划或达到预期的目的或成果 complete
5、指完成一件指派或预定的任务，或完善、完整未完成的部分 end 指一个动作或一件事情的结束或终止 finish 指把一件事或一个动作做完，强调事情的了结、终止1.We tried to settle the arguement but accomplished nothing.我们试图解决争端,但未 成功. 2.The term will end early in July.学期将在七月初结束. 3.The building was finished in 1962.大厦建成于 1962 年. 4.When will the work be completed.工作什么时候完结? 5.I hav
6、e finished the book.我读完了那本书. I have completed a book.我写完了一本书. 词语大辨析词语大辨析-.accurate，correct，delicate，exact，precise 都含有一定的“正确,精确“之意第 2 页accurate 准确的，精确的，指某人或某事不仅不出错，而且与事实无出入，强调准确性 correct 正确的，指某人或某事合乎事实或公认的标准或规则，没有错误 delicate 精美、精细的、雅致的 exact 确切的、精确的,语气较 accurate 强,指某人或某事数量或质量完全符合事实或标准,而且 在细致末节上也丝毫不差
7、precise 精密的,指具有高度的精确性和准确性,强调范围界限的鲜明性或细节的精密,有时略带“ 吹毛求疵“的贬义 1.His painting is a/an exact copy of the original.他的画是与原作丝毫不差的临摹作品. 2.Laser technology has enhanced the precision of many surgical procedures.激光技 术已大大提高了外科手术的精确度. 3.We hope to become more accurate in predicting earthquakes.我们希望能更准确地 预测地震.(be
8、accurate in 在方面很精确)4.Its the correct thing to do.正应如此.5.One of his eyes was injured in an accident,but after a delicate operation,he quickly recovered his sight.他的一只眼睛在事故中受伤,但经过精细的手术以后很快恢复了视 力. 词语大辨析词语大辨析-. accuse，charge，indict 都含有一定的“指控,控告“之意 accuse accuse sb. of doing sth.为指责某人,控告某人 charge charge
9、sb. with doing sth.指控某人 indict 具体用法见练习 3、4、5 句 1.The soldier was accused of running away when the enemy attacked.这个士兵被指 控为临阵逃脱. 2. He charged me with negligence of duty.他指控我玩忽职守. 3.The police indicted him as a rioter.警察指控他为扰乱治安者.(indict sb. as指控某人 为) 4.His company indicted him for sabotage 他公司告发他的破坏
10、行为.(indict sb for sth.告 发某人) 5.He was indicted on a charge of murder.他因犯杀人罪被起诉.(sb. be indicted on a charge of 因犯被告发)词语大辨析词语大辨析-. achieve,acquire,attain,gain,obtain 都含有一定的“获得,达到“之意 achieve 强调由于极大的努力,克服困难后达到目标 acquire 指经过不懈努力才获得的技术,知识等抽象的东西,也指养成习惯等 attain 正式用语,指经过艰苦努力才使人达到完美境地 gain 指需要做出比 obtain 更大的努
11、力,往往指通过竞争获得某些有价值的东西 obtain 指经过努力或付出代价或经过很长时间儿得到所需要的东西 1.After so many years of hard work,he finally achieved success.经过这么多年努力,他 终于获得了成功.第 3 页2.She has acquired some very unpleasant habits recently.她最近养成了一些不良的习 惯. 3.In typhoon,winds attain a speed greater than 120 km per hour.发生台风时,风速每 小时高达 120 公里. 4
12、.In the second experiment they obtained a very clear result.在第二次试验中他们的 到了一个非常清楚的结果. 5.No gains without pains.不劳则无获. 6.She acquired a good knowledge of English from Mr. Chens lectures.他从陈教授的 讲座中学到很多英语知识.词语大辨析词语大辨析-. acknowledge,admit,concede,confess,recognize 都含有一定的“承认“之意 acknowledge 着重”公开承认”,常用来指过去曾
13、隐瞒或否认的事 admit 是指在压力下不得不承认已经证实或难以否认的事实,供认(事实,错误等) concede (不情愿地)承认,(在结果确定前)承认失败 confess 着重承认自己的过错或罪恶 recognize 指正式承认主权、权利等 1.He concededthat the statement was true in an argument.他在辩论中承认对方的说 法是正确的.(有点不情愿的承认) 2.She acknowledged having been at fault.他承认自己曾犯过错误. 3.The new law was generally admitted to b
14、e difficult to enforce.大家普遍认为,新的法 律很难实施.(admit 后面可跟名词或动名词作宾语,不根不定式作宾语,但可接不定式作宾补.此句 中 admit 为被动结构,所以用 to be difficult to enforce 作主语补语.) 4.Although they had suffered heavy losses,they refused to concede defeat.虽然他们 已遭受惨重损失,但还是不肯认输. 5.Finally he has to confess himself guilty.最终他不得不认罪.(confess oneself
15、认罪) 6.Mr.Zhang was recognized as the legitimate representative of the company.张先 生背城认为公司的合法代表. 词语大辨析词语大辨析- affirm，assert，allege，claim 都含有一定的“宣称，断言“之意 affirm 断言,肯定,指根据事实坚定不移地宣称,有无可争辩之意 assert 宣称,坚持,指不管事实如何,主观自信地宣称 allege 宣称,断定,指在无真实凭据情况下宣称,硬说 claim 声称,主张,往往表示说话者反对或不同意某一观点 1.Politicians more often aff
16、irm their desire for retirement than show that they really mean it.政治家经常声称他们想退休,但未必是真的. 2.The suspect alleged that he had not been in the neighbourhood.嫌疑犯生成案发时 他并不在现场. 3.He asserted his belief that she was innocent.他坚持自己的想法,她是无辜的. 4.He asserted that this could be done.他宣称这是可行的. 5.Dont claim to know what you dont know.不要强不知以为知. 词语大辨析词语大辨析-第 4 页alarm,dread,fear,fright,horror,panic,te
