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1、理工学院毕业设计（论文）钢包用耐火材料现状与发展 摘 要钢包是炼钢工艺所需设备之一。随着转炉寿命的提高，连铸比的增加和炉外 精炼技术的进步，钢包处于容量大、钢种多、温度高、时间长等日益苛刻的使用 条件，对钢包用耐火材料的要求也不断提高。 世界各国为提高钢包寿命,降低耐火材料消耗,提高现有耐火材料的质量，开 发研制了各种新型耐火材料,特别是不定形耐火材料的出现,它不但改进了传统砌 筑方法, 而且对钢包寿命也有明显的改善.生产实践表明,包侧壁采用高铝质加 20% 镁铝尖晶石的浇注料,包底使用高铝砖,渣线使用镁碳砖使用效果最好。 本文总结了近几十年来国内外钢包用耐火材料的使用现状和发展过程。20 世
2、 纪 5060 年代，我国钢包使用的耐火材料主要是各种粘土砖，由于使用费用低， 直到 80 年代还有一些钢厂的钢包仍使用粘土砖。20 世纪 60 年代末，我国有些钢 厂的钢包开始使用各种高铝质衬砖，使钢包寿命大幅度提高。20 世纪 70 年代初, 蜡石钢包砖,在钢铁企业不同类型的钢包上进行了试用。20 世纪 90 年代，是我国 连铸技术快速发展时期，高效连铸技术成为其发展的重心。为了提高连铸钢包使 用寿命，适应高效连铸技术发展的需要，我国又开发了钢包用铝镁碳砖等一系列 镁质砖，用于各类连铸钢包，使钢包使用寿命大幅度提高。最近十年,我国吸取国 外经验开始把耐火砖改为使用不定形耐火材料,用投射、捣
3、打、浇注等方法筑造整 体内衬。采用投射施工比砌砖施工节省劳动力 50%。投射料有高锆英石质、 MgO-质、MgO-质和-C 质等。32OAl2SiO32OAl如今提高钢水纯净度降低生产成本仍是各国共同努力方向。关键词：钢包，耐火材料，钢包寿命,镁碳砖，理工学院毕业设计（论文）IStatus and development of refractories for ladleABSTRACTLadle is one of the equipments needed in steelmaking process. With the increase of the life of converter,
4、 continuous casting ratio increase and refining technology, large capacity, steel in ladle, high temperature, long time of increasingly harsh conditions of use, the steel for refractory material requirements are also constantly improving. All over the world in order to improve the ladle life, reduce
5、 consumption of refractory material, improve the quality of existing refractory materials, developed a new type of refractory material, especially the emergence of amorphous refractory material, it not only improved the traditional building method, but also improve the ladle life. The production pra
6、ctice shows that the bag side wall with the castable 20% high alumina spinel ladle bottom, using high alumina bricks, magnesia bricks used in slag line use best. This paper summarizes the present status and development of domestic and foreign steel for refractory material in recent decades. In the t
7、wentieth Century 5060, the refractory materials used in Chinas ladle were mainly clay bricks. Because of the low cost, some steel mills still use clay bricks until 80s. In the late 1960s, some kinds of high alumina lining bricks were used in some steel mills in our country, which greatly improved th
8、e ladle life. In the early 1970s, wax stone ladle bricks were tested on different types of ladle in iron and steel enterprises. In 1990s, the rapid development of continuous casting technology in China, high efficiency continuous casting technology has become the focus of its development. In order t
9、o improve the service life of ladle, adapt to the development of high efficient continuous casting technology, China has developed a series of alumina magnesia magnesia brick used in various types of continuous casting ladle, ladle, ladle to greatly improve the service life. The last ten years, our
10、country began to learn foreign experience to use refractory brick unshaped refractory material, using projection, ramming and pouring method of whole building up lining. By projecting construction labor saving 50% brick construction. The projection material has high zircon, MgO-, MgO- and -C quality
11、.32OAl2SiO32OAl Nowadays, improving the purity of molten steel and reducing the cost of pr oduction are still the joint efforts of all countries.KEY WORDS: Ladle, Refractory material, Ladle life,Magnesia carbon brick理工学院毕业设计（论文）II目 录前 言.1 第 1 章 钢包概述.2 1.1 钢包的作用及分类.21.1.1 钢包的作用.21.1.2 钢包的分类.21.2 对钢包的使用要求.2 1.2.1 钢包用耐火材料的要求.21.2.2 钢包盛钢量的要求.21.2.3 钢包净高度的要求.21.2.4 钢壳表面温度的要求.2 第 2 章 钢包用耐火材料的介绍.4 2.1 浇注钢包的使用情况介绍.4 2.1.1 高铝尖晶石浇注料.4 2.1.2 低水泥耐火浇注料.4 2.2 钢包的用耐火砖介绍.52.2.1 硅酸铝质材料.52.2.2 铝镁（碳）质材料.62.2.3 镁碳质材料.72.2.4 镁钙（碳）质用材料.72.3 砖砌钢包的使用情况介绍.82.3.1 绝热层.
