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1、0摘 要高压直流输电在输电领域中是一个较新且较活跃的领域之一，它在远距离大功率输电及大区域电网并联方面起到了至关重要的作用。我国目前已有十多项高压直流输电工程投入运行，它们在国家电力网络构架中起到了优化网络的能源配置、保障国家的能源安全、以及促进国民经济的发展方面起到了重要的作用。本文围绕直流输电工程需要吸收无功做足分析计算及讨论。在高压直流输电工程中，利用普通晶闸管换流阀对高压直流输电换流站进行换流的，一般情况下采用电网电源的换相技术，但是这种方法的特点是当换流器在运行时需要从电网中吸收大量的无功功率。为了保证换流站和交流系统的稳定性，我们需要对换流站的无功消耗、无功补偿、及无功平衡进行分析
2、和计算。本文重点分析研究高压直流输电换流器吸收无功的机理、影响因素以及对换流器进行无功补偿的分析讨论。在 Matlab 或 PSCAD/EMTDC 仿真软件上建立高压直流输电系统的仿真模型，利用所建的仿真模型，仿真计算高压直流输电换流器对无功方面的要求和关系。并对上述仿真结果进行分析、比较，给出合理解释，并提出高压直流输电无功补偿的合理化建议。关键词：高压直流输电，无功功率，无功补偿，换流器，仿真建模关键词：高压直流输电，无功功率，无功补偿，换流器，仿真建模1ABSTRACTIn the field of transmission ,HVDC is a new and active area,
3、 it is in long-distance power transmission and large regional grid parallel has played a crucial role.China currently has more than a dozen high-voltage direct current transmission project put into operation, they are in national electricity network architecture optimized energy network configuratio
4、n, ensuring national energy security, and promoting the development of the national economy plays an important role.This paper focuses on the DC transmission project needs to absorb reactive power to have enough analysis ,discussion and calculation.In HVDC transmission project, the commutation for H
5、VDC converter station with the use of ordinary thyristor valves, for under normal circumstances,using mains power supply commutation technology, but the characteristics of this method is that when the converter at runtime need to absorb a large amount of reactive power from the grid. To ensure the c
6、onverter station and communication system stability, we need to give converter station reactive power consumption, reactive power compensation, and reactive power balance analysis and calculations.This paper focuses on analysis of HVDC converter absorbs reactive mechanism, influencing factors and th
7、e analysis and discussion of reactive power compensation of the converter .In Matlab simulation software to build HVDC system simulation model, using the built simulation model, simulation HVDC converters requirements and relationships of reactive power .The simulation results were analyzed and comp
8、ared, given a reasonable explanation, and proposed HVDC reactive power compensation rationalization proposals.KEY WORDS: HVDC，Reactive power，converter，reactive power compensation，Simulation and Modeling 2目 录摘 要 1 ABSTRACT2第 1 章 前言.11.1 高压直流输电及无功补偿背景.1 1.2 高压直流输电发展及现状.3 1.2.1 针对高压直流输电的研究现状.3 1.2.2 针对
9、换流站无功补偿及限制的现状.4 1.3 本文主要内容.5第 2 章 换流站无功及无功补偿.62.1 高压直流输电系统的工作原理及运行方式.6 2.2 换流站的无功平衡及无功原理.7 2.2.1 换流器的功率因数.7 2.2.2 换流器的无功功率消耗.8 2.2.3 换流站内的无功平衡.9 2.3 换流站的无功补偿.10 2.3.1 交流系统的无功补偿能力.10 2.3.2 选择无功补偿的装置.11 2.3.3 无功补偿与配置的综合考虑.11 2.4 无功对交直流系统的影响.12第 3 章 换流站的无功补偿装置及容量的确定.123.1 换流站的无功补偿装置.12 3.1.1 机械投切式无功补偿装置.12 3.1.2 同步调相机.13 3.1.3 静止无功补偿装置.14 3.2 换流站无功补偿容量及分组容量的确定.15 3.2.1 容性无功补偿设备容量的确定.16 3.2.2 感性无功补偿设备容量的确定.16 3.2.3 无功分组容量的确定.16 3.2.3.1 无功大组容量的估算.17 3.2.3.2 无功小组容量的估算.17 3.2.4 换流站无功补偿容量的校核.17 3.3 无功补偿装置的控制.
